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THE LIBRARY

THE UNIVERSITY

OF CALIFORNIA

LOS ANGELES

Parcel no 15. LZ'Ib'O

i^>Vii

WITH THE

COMPLIMENTS OF

The
Castle Bookshop

A . H . D O N C A S T E R

MUSEUM STREET

COLCHESTER, ESSEX

Cokheiter 2b34

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A LIST

PALIMPSEST BRASSES

GREAT BRITAIN

COMPILED BV

MILL STEPHENSON, B.A., F.SA

Reprinted from The Transactio7is of the Monumental Brass Society^
Vol. IV., pp. 1-31, 97-135, 141-164, 189-211, 219-245, 251-288, 293-335.

LONUON

JOHN BALE, SONS & DANIELSSON, Ltd

83-89, Great Titchfield Street, W.

MCMIII

tYB

\'^

S^s it

CONTENTS.

PAGE

Bedfordshire ... ■■• ■•• ••■ ••• •■ ^

Berkshire ..■ ■■• ••• ••• •• ^

Buckinghamshire ...

Cambridgeshire ... ■ ■ ••• ••• ••• ■ • ''

Cheshire ... ... ■■• ••• ••■ •• ••• ~°

Cornwall... . ••• ••• ■•■ •• •■ "'

Cumberland ... ■■ ■•• ••• ••• ••■ ^5

Derbyshire

Devonshire ... ■•. ••• ■• •■ ^9

Dorsetshire ... ■•■ ••■ •■ 3°

Durham ... ... ■• • • •■• •• ■• 3'

Essex ... .. . •■• ••• • •• ••• 3'

Gloucestershire ... ... ■•• ••• ••• ••• 53

Hampshire ... •■• ••• •• •• •■ 53

Isle of Wight ... 56

Herefordshire ... ■. •• • ■ ••■ ■•• 5*^

Hertfordshire ... ... ■• ••■ ••• ••• 5^

Huntingdonshire ... . . • ■ •• •• •■■ "9

Kent ... , 69

Lancashire ... ... • ■ ■•• ■■• •■• "^7

Leicestershire ... ■■■ ■•• •• •■■ ••• "^9

Lincolnshire ... ■• ■ •• ••• ••■ • ■ 93

Middlesex 'oo

Monmouthshire ... •■ ■■• ••■ ••• •■• ^^5

Norfolk ... ... ... ••• •■■ ••• •■• n^^

Northamptonshire ... ••■ ■•• ••• ••■ '4-

Northumbeiland ... ... ••• ••• ••• ■■• M2

Nottinghamshire ... ... ■•• •■• ••• •■• '4-

Oxfordshire ... ••• ••• •■■ ••■ •• '43

Rutland ... ... ... ••• •■• ••• •• '54

Shropshire ... ... • •■ ■ •• ••• •• '54

Somersetshire . • ••• ••• •■• ••• '54

Staffordshire ... ... ••■ ••• •• ••• '55

942619

IV,

Contents.

Suffolk

162

Surrey

166

Sussex

178

Warwickshire

181

Westmorland

.. 183

Wiltshire...

184

Worcestershire

189

Yorkshire

189

Ireland ...

197

Scotland...

197

Wales

199

Private Possession

199

Derelicts...

201

Additions and Corrections ...

203

Summary

214

Index

225

Lisi of Illiistrafioiis.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Denchworth, Berks. ..

Reading, St. Lawrence, Berks.

Denham, Bucks.

Chester, Holy Trinity

Yealmpton, Devon. ...

Aveley, Essex

Brightlingsea, Essex

Fryerning, Essex

Stondon Massey, Essex

Strethall, Essex

Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex

Upminster, Essex

Walthamstow, Essex

Gloucester, Temple Church

Bayford, Herts.

Hertingfordbury, Herts.

St. Alban's Abbey, Herts.

Walkern, Herts.

Aylesford, Kent

Erith, Kent...

West Mailing, Kent.

Margate, Kent

Minster (Sheppey), Kent

Shorne, Kent

Sibertsvvould, Kent

Westerham, Kent

Great Bowden, Leic.

Boston, Line.

Harrow, Middlesex

Isleworth, Middlesex

London, All Hallows Barkinj

London, British Museum

Felmingham, Norfolk

Halvergate, Norfolk...

Merton, Norfolk

Norwich, St. John Maddermarket
, St. Martin-at-Palace
„ St. Peter Mancroft ...

fo face

...

42, 43, 44

47, 49

,68

to face

...

85,

...

104,

105

]

06,

107

1 09

II, 112, 113, 212
... 117
I 18, 119
... 121
123,126

132

VI.

Lisi of Ilhisfrafions,

Norwich, Strangers' Hall
Great Ormesby, Norfolk
Paston, Norfolk
Salhouse, Norfolk ...
Sail, Norfolk
Stanton St. John, Oxon.
Clifton Campville, Staffs.
Ampton, Suffolk
Hadleigh, Suffolk
Halesworth, Suffolk
Betchworth, Surrey
Cambervvell, Surrey
Cheam, Surrey
Cobham, Surrey
Walton-on-Thames, Surrey
Morland, Westmorland
Howden, Yorks.
Rotherham, Yorks. ...
Sessay, Yorks.
Winestead, Yorks. ...
Private Possession ...
Derelicts

Tideswell, Derby. ...
Hackney, Middlesex
London, British Museum

I'AGF.

••• 135

136, 137

••• 139

... 139

... 152

... 155

... 162

... 165

... 166

... 167

... 169

170, 171

••• 173
... 177

... 183
... 189
... 191

193, J95
... 197
. . . 200

20[, 203

... 205

... 210

212

A LIST OF PALIMPSEST BRASSES.

Compiled by Mill Stephenson, B.A., F.S.A.

An attempt is here made to compile a complete list of the
palimpsest brasses so far as at present known. Such a list must
necessarily be more or less imperfect, but is published in the hope
that not only members of our own Society, but those of the
Oxford Society, and brass rubbers generally, may be able to add
to or correct the information which the writer has been able to
get together. Any additional information, corrections, or rubbings
of unrecorded palimpsests, will be thankfully received by the
writer if sent to 14, Ritherdon Road, Upper Tooting, London,
S.W.

The palimpsests are described in the first instance under
counties, but it is proposed to sum up and discuss the various
classes at the close of the paper.

The term obverse is in all cases used to denote the later or more
modern side of the brass, and the term reverse the earlier work.

BEDFORDSHIRE.

B ROM HAM.

This fine and well-known brass belongs to the class of appro-
priated or adapted memorials. It consists of the figure of a man
in complete plate armour, with collar of SS., two ladies, a triple
I

canopy, two shields between the heads of the figures, three shields
(two lost) on the finials of the canopy, a foot inscription and a
marginal inscription. The date is between 1430 and 1440. In
1535 the brass was converted into a memorial for Sir John Dyve,
his mother Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Wilde,
Esq., and [his wife Isabel, daughter and heiress of Sir Ralph
Hastings, but the only change made was the substitution of a new
foot inscription (perhaps only the old plate turned over and re-
engraved) and the introduction of new shields on the finials of the
canopy.

The two original shields between the heads of the figures are,
at present, the only clue to the persons originally commemorated.
The dexter shield bears (civg.), a fess and a canton (gn.) Widville,
impaling . . . . a chevron . . . between three lions dormant, the two
in chief facing each other . . . , probably for Lyons. The sinister
shield bears Widville impaling . . . on a chief . . . a fleiir-de-lys
. . . . , at present unidentified.^ The brass is usually attributed
to Thomas Widville, 1435, and his two wives, Elizabeth and
Alice, whose maiden names are unknown. John Widville, the
father of Thomas, is supposed to have married a daughter of the
Lyons family, and it may be that these two shields are merely
commemorative of earlier family alliances, and that the shields on
the finials would have contained the arms of Thomas and his two
wives. The shield, at present remaining on the centre finial,
bears the arms of Dyve, {gu.), a fess dancetty or between three escallops
(erm.). The foot inscription, bearing the following words :

Sl^ntri0 Coniuffie/ n mtUo inert Hit matmn mater
(Elijflbctlj l)ttt0 ^Ijome MiiU ^vmiQCvi

Coniur Isabella \)ttc0 Eatiulplji l^agt^ngfif milit' ct Ijic
sjepilitugf iii" j^oumxbm Sin° 1535

is either an insertion or may be the original plate turned over and
re-engraved. Until this plate and Dyve shield can be examined
the question of the identity of the original persons commemorated
must remain in its present state of uncertainty.

The brass is engraved in Lysons' Magna Britannia, vol. i. p.
163, and is fully described by Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson in his
Bedfordshire List published in the Transactions, vol. ii. p. 8i.

' The family of Roger or Rogers, of Dorset, bore Arg., on a chief or, a Jlenr-
de-lys gu.

Flitton.

Obverse. Thomas Waren, Gent., 1544, in armour, and wife
Elizabeth ; male effigy and children lost ; inscription mutilated,
small, now mural, North Aisle.

The inscription only is palimpsest and has been broken into
three pieces, whereof two are now missing. Mr. Sanderson- only
notices one piece, but an old rubbing in the writer's collection
contains one of the missing pieces which luckily completes the
rhymes on the reverse. The Waren inscription reads thus :

, , . . I 0oule of Cljomaef (Mav \ m o:entilmnit $ (Elijalictlj

.... I maef ti['eti p jscconti da^ | of C^ctobcr a° 9^ IDc

.... I Qiic of l^^uQ ^mv^ ^£ tjiii | on toljojje ^oulr^ 3|l)u
Ijatic m't^ Simm.

The first portion has been missing for years, the second has
more recently disappeared, the third still remains in the church
and is quoted by Mr. Sanderson.

Reverse. The second and third portions of the inscription bear
the following verses :

^uiH tumulu cerui0. Cue no mortalia | ^pni^. '(lali

naq? Uomo (?)
clautiit' omiiie Ijomo (?) ;^in0qui!S cri0 | qui transient

0ta »leo:e

plora. »)um quoti cri0 fucramqj quoti ref | pro mc prccor
ora.

Luton.

Obverse. Isabel Hay, 1455, head gone, nearly effaced, broken
in two pieces, the upper part (now lost) measuring 6 inches and
the lower 14 inches. The remaining piece is loose in the church
chest. This fragment, together with the inscription in twelve
Latin verses, is all that remains of the brass to John Hay, for
thirty years steward to the Archbishop of Canterbury, repairer of

- Bedfordshire Brasses in Trans. Mon. Br. Soc, vol. ii. p. 160.

churches and roads, dec, 1455, and wives Anne (with three chil-
dren) and Isabel. It was formerly in the North Aisle.

Reverse. Portions of canopy work of curious design, the shaft
of the canopy composed of a series of scrolls. The work is un-
finished and appears to be a "waster" from the workshop.
Haines conjectures it to be of foreign manufacture, but it seems
to be English origin, of about the same date as the obverse.

A rubbing of the obverse and reverse complete is in the Col-
lection of the Society of Antiquaries.

POTTESGROVE.

Obverse. Wm. Saunders, Gent., 1563, in civil dress, wife
Isabel, and inscription. The lower part and feet of the male
figure lost, only the centre of the female figure remains, half the
inscription is also lost, the remaining portion being much broken
and damaged. In its present condition the male figure measures
i3|- inches in length, the female gi inches, and the inscription
ii| X 52 inches. The brasses are now screwed to a wooden
board affixed to the south side of the Chancel wall.

Reverse. The male figure is cut out of a portion of a large
Flemish brass, c. 1360-70, and shows portions of canopy work
with a background diapered with crowned monsters, butterflies,
&c. The fragment of the female figure shows a portion of the
upper right-hand corner of the same brass, there is a small por-
tion of the same diapered background with the symbol of St.
Matthew in the corner, and a few mutilated letters of a marginal
inscription enclosed by a small border ornamented with four
leaved flowers. The back of the inscription plate is much
damaged and may or may not have belonged to the same brass.
It appears to be made up of fragments, certainly of foreign work-
manship, but too much damaged to say with certainty whether
belonging to the other pieces or not.

The obverse and reverse of this brass have been fully described
and illustrated by Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson in the Transactions
of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pp. 6-g.

BERKSHIRE.

Blewbury.

John Latton, Esq., of Chilton, 1548, in tabard, and wife
Anne, with six sons (now lost) and nine daughters ; effigy of

another wife lost ; inscription and four shields of arms, Chancel
floor.

A few years ago a portion of the inscription became loose and
was found to be palimpsest. It was examined and recorded^ by
Mr. W. H. Richardson, F.S.A., to whom the writer is indebted
for the information, but unfortunately fastened down again before
any rubbing or any note of the reverse was made.

COOKHAM.

Obverse. Raffe More, Gent., 1577, in civil dress, and wife
Mary, daughter of John Babham, Esq., with ten English verses
and a marginal inscription, the whole much mutilated, North
Aisle.

The marginal inscription, when complete, read thus:

-j- l^crc IjTtlj tljc lioDj^' of Eaffc a^ore (Bcnf loljo mnrricti
^ai7' tljc tiatiffljtcr of 3]oljn Babljam, ciBefq. ^j purdjasJeH
mijitcplacc BuUoclxO anti ^Ijnfocic^ ann otijcr lanti^ iw
CoUdjam anti tipcti toitljout mnt of lji0 liotij'e on tlje fcaeft
tia^ of ^t. games tljc apostle \\\ tlje ['caie of our lortie
d^oti 1577.

Reverse. At the restoration of the church in i860, three
pieces of this brass were found to be palimpsest. The largest
piece consists of the centre portion of the figure of Mary More
from the waist downwards. This piece measures twelve inches
in length and is cut out of a portion of a Flemish brass of late
fifteenth century work. It bears a small portion of a head,
apparently wearing a round topped bascinet, and surrounded with
canopy and diaper work. The centre arch of the canopy is
cusped below and crocketted with oak leaves, one of which is
entire. The background is diapered with foliage, &c., in squares
outlined by small roundels or nail heads. The smaller pieces
■consist of two portions of the marginal inscription, one, 8| inches
in length, bearing the words " here lyeth the," has on the reverse
a few Lombardic letters, (^^iBj^ + ^^ + IFl^ ^^eing a
portion of a Latin inscription from an early Flemish brass. The
other, 9 inches in length, bearing the words "and shafseies a,"

^ Transactions Nexvhury Field Club, vol. iv. p. 56.

has on the reverse a few engraved lines, apparently part of a
female face.

All are now fastened down and the brass nearly covered by
the organ.

Denchworth.

Obverse. William Hyde, Esq., 1557, in armour, and wife
Margery [Cater, of Letcombe Regis] , 1562, with twelve sons and
eight daughters, ten English verses and inscription, relaid and
now mural, Chancel.

The inscription only is palimpsest. It measures 17I x 52
inches, and reads thus :

j^uijSquijS trang^ierigf pro no^tcief ora aiabugf
Ct 31uncto0 tumulo tu prcce 31uno:c turo.
^^t toljiclje Mlpllm ^^^c c^qu^n ticcee>£>^ti tijc srecontie
tia^ of 9^a}>c in tljc ^cre of our lortir (Boti ^€€€€€%}I>ii
anti tlje gfaptic a^argerj^ Iji^ to^fe tircrg^e^'ti tljr xxUi tia^
of 31uit^ ill tlje ^crc of oure lorlie (15oti 9^€€€€€%dBii.

Reverse. The reverse of this inscription shows another inscrip-
tion of great historic value, and fortunately complete. It is in
French, and records the laying of a foundation stone of Bisham
Priory by King Edward III., in commemoration of his victories
at Berwick in 1333, and at the request of Sir William de
Mountagu, the founder of the Priory.

itirfoiptoqupft la teraiHe toqs %Ia diMirda S}allrsan

Denchworth, Berks.
The inscription is as follows :

Ctitoarti Eo[' 2Dan0:Irt'c qc fijst \c m^c tiniant la €itc tie

retoj^k t coquj^eft la bntaillf illeoqcf i la tiite Cite la brille

0ein
tt 9^avQavttt Ian Uc grce. 91^. CCC dB^^iii. nmt ccm't

pere a la
requejEftc »)ire ^(lliUiam ti^ Sl^otintagu fountiouc De centre

me0oun.

The capitulation of Berwick took place on St. Margaret's day,
1333, and Sir William de Montagu was one of the signatories to
the treaty of surrender. The foundation charter of the priory of
Bisham is dated loth April, 1336.

The palimpsest plate is now fastened by movable screws.

Reading, St. Lawrence.

Obverse. Water Barton, Gent., 1538, in civil dress, with
inscription.

Effigy 23J inches in height ; inscription plate 28| x 5| inches.

Reverse. The entire brass is made of portions of the brass of
Sir John Popham, who died in 1463, and was buried, according to
Stowe,* in the Charterhouse, London. The upper part of the
figure of Water Barton shows the pointed sollerets and a greater
portion of a lion on which the feet rested. The lower portion of
the figure shows the hilt of the sword and a portion of the tabard,
giving enough to identify the two lower quarterings as those of
Zouch and Popham.

The Popham inscription is fortunately preserved entire on the
reverse of Barton's inscription and reads thus :

"^ic iacct 3iO\ji0 popljam mik0 q°tim lingf tie ^unxt}} in

i^ormanUia $ tine?
tic Cljarticforti tic 3Dcnc ac tic aibinjytan tt alibi in SinQiia

qui oluit i-iiii°
Hie mcn0' ^prilicf anno tiiti millnio <Z€€€°JL^iii'' tnV

aic ypirict' tic

The Rev. Charles Kerry, in his History of the Church of St.
Lawrence, Reading, p. 136, says, " The old ledger on which Bar-
ton's brass was laid was undoubtedly the very slab which covered

* Stowe's Survey 0/ London, ed. 1633, p. 478b.

the body of Sir John Popham. In adapting it for a second
memorial, the old matrices were chiselled out and the stone
rubbed down, but the bottoms of most of the rivet-holes contain-
ing the leaded rivets remain, indicating the bearings of the
original. The principal figure stood beneath a canopy. The
knight was habited in a tabard of arms, and the fragment taken
from the left-hand side of the figure exhibits the fourth and part
of the third quarterings with the hilt of the contiguous sword.
The tail of the lion passed under the foot of the knight and ter-
minated in a graceful curve by the side of the sword. The
soUerets, exhibiting seven laminae, are finely pointed."

The arms of Popham, arg., on a chief gu. two stags' heads
cahossed or, quartering Zouch of Dene, gu., a chevron arg. between
ten bezants, six in chief and four in base, are on a brass to the Forster
family in the neighbouring church of Aldermaston, and were also
in painted glass in the windows of the Hall. Sir George Forster,
of Aldermaston, who died in 1533, is described on his sumptuous
tomb as " coson and one of the heyres of Sir Stephyn Popham."

The brass is now set in a hinged copper frame fastened to the
north pier of the chancel arch. The obverse is engraved in Views
of Reading Abbey and Churches, vol. i. p. 54, and the obverse and
reverse in Kerry's History of St. Lawrence's Church, p. 134.

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.

Chalfont St. Giles.

Obverse. Inscription to John Salter, 1523, and wife Elsabeth.
Size of plate, 21 x 3I inches.

£)f ^0' djaritr praj^ for tljc EfoulesJ of Jolju Salter aun

dlmbctl) lji0
topf tlje bjljidjc 3|oIjit ticreef^eti t\)t xii tia[? of nprdl ^n tlje

^tvt of
our lorti pD Sl^iD^5H9!^ui on toljo^e jsoulcjs ilju Ijnue merc^

amen.

Reverse. Another inscription, slightly mutilated at each end,
to Thomas Bredham, 1521, and wife Anne.

(Pra)[' for t\)c jjoulcef of ^IjomasJ Brcnljam of tlje
peri0!3lje

^ .MlopjpflgMgte iiuflfiiiiiisl^iini mjapaiiSttfttii

Palimpsest Brass, 1538 and 1463, Reading, St. Lawrence, Berks.

f CT na^

. . , , tl)e ^er of o^ lorU 9^m%%i on toijogfe 0onU0
iljii Ijaiie mcr(cp amen)

' The brass is now placed in a hinged frame fastened to the wall
of the North Aisle, For many years it was nailed against the
Stone House in this parish, but was restored to the church by
Miss Saunderson.

Chalfont St. Peter.

Effigy of a priest in eucharistic vestments, c. 1440. Height
1 5 inches. This has been slightly altered by the addition of shading
and the rounding of the toes. A new inscription has then been
been added to Sir Robert Hanson, vicar of Chalfont St. Peter
and of Little Missenden, who died in 1545.

Chicheley.

Obverse. Anthony Cave, Esq., merchant of the Staple of
Calais, lord of the manor of Chicheley, 1558, in armour, and wife
Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Lovell, Esq., of Astwell, with
inscription and three shields of arms, one lost. The brass is
engraved in G. Lipscomb's History of Buckinghamshire, vol.
iv. p. 97 ; and the figures only in R. E. C. Waters' Genealogical
Memoirs of the Extinct Family of Chester of Chicheley, p. 84.

Reverse. Haines in his Mamial of Momimental Brasses, part ii.
p. 260, under "Addenda and Corrigenda," states that "on the
reverse of a shield is part of an English inscription." The writer
has been unable to see a rubbing and would be grateful for
further information.

Middle Claydon.

In 1897, Mr. Alfred Heneage Cocks, Hon. Sec. Bucks. Arch.
Soc, communicated the following note to the Records of Bucking-
hamshire, vol. vii. p. 529, " During some recent repairs at Middle
Claydon Church, the large brass to the memory of Roger Gyffard,
Esq., and Mary his wife (the former of whom died 1542, the date

of the lady's death being imperfect), was temporarily removed for
its better preservation. It, fortunately, then came under the notice
of our indefatigable honorary member, Mr. Arthur Clere, who
found that the inscription plate below the figures is a palimpsest.
He has very kindly sent me a rubbing of the original inscription,
with the remark, ' I was not able to get a good rubbing of the
reverse side, as the engraver in cutting the more modern inscrip-
tion cut through the brass in several places, which he filled up
with solder, and so obliterated some of the words.' The plate
measures 2ft. 6fin. long x 5in. high. In the first line, the mid-
dle of the name " Bellingham " is a blank, bounded by fragments of
the letters / or //, and g. At the end of the same line there is a
space of ixV'^- after the abbreviated form of Hybernia so it is
possible something else was originally there. At the end of the
second line, the context, and the space, suggest the disappearance
of the abbreviated form of Domini ; similarly at the end of the
third line a small portion of a capital A suggests that the ensuing
space contained the word Anno ; and at the end of the last line
the termination of the ornament is missing, and the word miseri-
cordiam is slightly imperfect."

Mr. Cocks reads the inscription thus :

^rate pro aiabj Mlaltm Bel[Un]0:l)m ^lia0 tiicti ^al=

tcri 3|rrlonnc Wi^m^ armor' in H^j^brrnia
(Et Clpjabftlj' uxovi0 tim qui quitim (ItllaltrrujS obiit

trrcio t)ir mni0i0 Sl^aii anno [tiiii]
gi^ilUmo €€€€°%^dBdBm. €)biitque ticta Cl^jabetlj

xir tiie 9^rn0i0 9^m rotirm ^[nno]
quorum animr prr tiri mi0ericortiiam 31^^ cterna pace

requic0cant. ^mnt.

The brass of Roger GyfFard is engraved in Lipscomb's History
of Bucks., vol. i. p. 194, and there is a small cut of the Belling-
ham inscription accompanying Mr. Cocks' description of the plate
in the Bucks. Records.

Denham.

Obverse. Amphillis, daughter of Sir Edmund Peckham, 1545,
with foot inscription and shield.

Effigy 15^ inches high, inscription 15I x 5 inches, shield 5I X
4f inches.

• •

AMPIIILLIS I'F.CKIIAM, 1545, DENHAM, BUCKS.

(^ linear.)

dMMx

liife

Reverse of Brass of Amphillis Peckham, Denham, Bucks.

(J linear. )

Haines mentions this brass as lost. Fortunately this is not
the case. It was loose in 1894 and was exhibited at a meeting of
the Society of Antiquaries by the Rev. R. H. Lathbury, M.A.,
rector of Denham, in whose custody it then was.

Reverse. On the reverse of the figure of the lady is another
figure of a friar, in gown and hose, with his hands folded within
his sleeves, and a knotted cord hanging from his girdle. The
figure has been slightly mutilated at the top and bottom, the ears
and tonsure having been partly cut away, and the feet altogether
removed. The reverse of the inscription bears the following,
which may or may not be the epitaph of the friar :

^wi trancficf eficftc. motiicu Ictyc quicf fait i0te
^ni mtt occultuef. Ijic iSuli tcUurc scpultus
3|ix lanport nat'. iattt \)\t 3IoIjn ^^kt tumiilat'
cut m 0albatu0. ati xpm funtie prccatu^.

On the reverse of the shield is its original bearing, a birchrod
surmounting a mace or staff of office in saltire between the letters

arranged in cross.

It is uncertain how these letters should be read. They may
stand for Magistev Johannes Pyhe Scholaris, or for Johannes Pyke
Magister Schola;. In either case the birch would be appropriate.
The meaning of the mace is difficult to account for, unless it be
a ferule or badge of authority of a schoolmaster.

The date of the earlier brass, and the three pieces seem as in
the later case to form one memorial, is c. 1440.

Both sides of the brass are illustrated in the Proceedings of the
Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. xv. pp. 230, 231, and are here
reproduced by kind permission of the Society.

Ellesborough.

A shield belonging to the brass of Thomas Hawtrey, Esq.,
1554, and wife Sybell, with eleven sons and seven daughters,
shows traces of alteration. Originally the charge appears to have
been a plain cross, this has been erased and the arms of Hawtrey,
(Arg.) three lions rampant in bend between four cotises (sa.), substi-
tuted. The brass is now placed on the v/all of the South Aisle.

Eton College Chapel.
I.

Obverse. Three-quarter effigy, 13 inches high, of Thomas
Edgcomb, fellow and vice-provost of Eton, 1545, in academical
dress, with inscription, 17^ X 9 inches, in ten Latin verses.

The effigy is palimpsest.

Reverse. The figure of Thomas Edgcomb is cut out of an
earlier plate and contains portions of an inscription in ten Latin
verses. The writer has no rubbing of the reverse, but a full
description will appear in the next number of the Oxford Journal
of Monumental Brasses, in the continuation of Mr. T. Eustace
Harwood's paper on the Eton Brasses, the first instalment of
which has already appeared.

Obverse. Effigy of EHzabeth, wife of Robert Stokys, 1560,
with inscription. Effigy 23^ inches high, inscription plate 22|^ x
4 inches. Apparently the work of the Norwich school of en-
gravers.

The figure of Robert Stokys, who also died in 1560, and the
children, are lost.

The inscription only is palimpsest.

Reverse. On the back of the inscription is another inscription
to Walter Haugh, 1505, and wives Margaret and Isabel.

€)ratc p. ^mbj ^(llflltcri ijaufflj Sl^argarete $ J^aMk

tirorum ciu^ tt p.
quibj ticu0 (IcLlaltn*u0 orare ttmv qui quitim (lillalterucf

obiit ^OTu° Hie
notinnbri0 ^nno tini millimo €€<l€€°\)° quor' ^lab?
opiciet' tie'.

This inscription also appears to belong to the Norwich school.
The curious expression, "pro quibus orare tenetur " frequently
occurs on inscriptions in Norfolk, most, if not all, belonging to
the local school.

Hedgerley.
Obverse. Margaret, wife of Edward Bulstrode, 1540, with

group of ten sons and three daughters, shield (mutilated), and
foot inscription.

Effigy 2oJ inches high, inscription 22J x 2f inches, shield
8x6^ inches, and group of children 6^ x 12^ inches.

All palimpsest.

Reverse. The figure of the lady is cut out of an inscription in
English verse, which is only partly legible, but, according to
Haines, reads thus :

. . . . ef (Etione: bj? Ijp0 ff'ue (?) sftone

[ili]o mane more gentj^U mpgljt be : ^o rpclje auti pore

fful of liotote
5ailm['g:ljt^ pti of Ijief graee : proiiiti l)j'm leke pltie iit

tlje fforuace
dBlantie ^z bjiic? Ijere to be bette : \^tM l^^ie jjeke i

0ore I I) 10 eatoet
purjyj^ti from jj^ntne : nef a of (?) bap(?)tpie.

On the back of the inscription is another inscription to Thomas
Totyngton, Abbot of Bury, who died in 1312, but the plate does
not seem to have been cut before the sixteenth century. It runs
thus :

^ot^niffton fcITljomacf CtimTItii qi fait nbbas
^it iiicet e0to pia gfibi tiuct'r u'o:o maria

The group of children has been cut out of the lower portion
of the figure of a bishop or abbot, c. 1530, showing the chasuble,
staff of the crosier with vexillum, and dalmatic.

On the reverse of the shield are portions of canopy work with
a representation of our Lord's resurrection, and a small fragment
of the figure of some saint.

Notices of this palimpsest occur in Archaologia, vol. xxx.
p. 121; Archaological Journal, vol. x. p. 76; and in Haines'
Introduction, p. xlv.

Stone.

Obverse. Thomas Gorney, 1520, in civil dress, and wife
Agnes, with six sons and three daughters, and foot inscription.

Effigies 16^ inches high, inscription 2o|- x 3 inches, children
5| inches high.

The male effigy and inscription palimpsest.

Reverse. On the back of the male effigy is the figure of a lady,
c. 1440-50, and on the back of the inscription is another incom-
plete inscription to Christopher Tharpe, who is said to have died
in 1514. It reads thus :

^f ^>^ c^arite pra^' for tljc 0oule of ^pofer TOarpe

baljicije tieceef^cti tijr rrbiii Dap of ^eptcmbrc p^ ^^u . . .

The two inscriptions are engraved in the Records of Bucking-
hamshire, vol. ii. p. 175, and a lithograph of the brass and
palimpsests, full size, has also been privately (?) printed.

Taplow.

Obverse. Thomas Manfelde, Esq., 1540, in armour, right foot
lost, and two wives, Agnes (Trewonwall), and Katherine, who
survived him, with foot inscription and three shields.

Male effigy 20 inches high, female effigies i8|- inches, and
inscription 23^ x 5 inches.

The three figures and inscription palimpsest.

Reverse. The figure of Thomas Manfelde is cut out of a large
figure of a lady, apparently a widow, c. 1490 (?), or possibly
earlier. The left arm, a portion of the hand, portions of the
mantle with its long cord and tassels, and indications of the
under-dress alone remain.

The figure of the wife on his right hand is composed of two
fragments of earlier brasses. The upper and larger fragment,
15^ inches in length, is cut out of a larger figure, but owing to the
pitch and solder adhering to the surface it is impossible to say
what the figure originally was. In the rubbing only a few lines
show. The lower portion, 3x6 inches, shows the face and neck
of a lady, with a linked chain round the latter. The date appears
to be c. 1470, and the head may possibly have belonged to the
lady whose body now forms part of the inscription.

The figure of the wife on his left hand is made up of three
pieces of earlier work, but the whole is much obscured by pitch
and solder. The upper portion of the figure, 12 inches in length,
although split across diagonally, appears to be composed of por-
tions of the brass of an ecclesiastic, the fringed end of a stole or
maniple just appearing. The lower portion, 7 inches in length,
is cut out of an inscription in English verse. This inscription

was in double columns, but only a few words at the end of the
first column remain, and only the fragments of two letters at the
beginning of the second :

" lo^e

Ijat!) pone

me obec tljrobje

be not eflotoe

to Cecil^e

. . . . f ^ork trulpe. »>,...

The inscription plate consists of two pieces of earlier work.
The larger, 20^ inches in length, is cut out of a large figure of a
lady, c. 1470? At the top the figure is cut off just about the
shoulders, and below a little above the feet. Enough remains to
show that the gown had an opening at the neck in the shape of
a pointed oval, was close-fitting and high-waisted, with a plain
girdle. The sleeves close and the cuffs of fur. Possibly the
head, previously mentioned, may have belonged to this figure.
The smaller piece of the inscription, about 3 inches in length, has
a few engraved lines only, showing the folds of some garment,
either the dress of a lady, or the chasuble of a priest.

II.

Obverse. A black letter inscription in twelve English verses
to Ursula, wife of Thomas Jones, c. 1570.

Size of plate, 15I x 9J inches.

Reverse. This plate is made up of the figure of a lady,
c. 1500-20, cut into three pieces. Beginning on the left-hand side,
the first plate, 4^ inches in width, bears the head and hands of
the lady. The plate is cut across the forehead and across the fur
cuffs at the wrists. Enough remains to show the face, part of
the kennel-shaped head-dress, the hands and the fur cuffs. The
lady was facing to the right, so may have been one of a pair of
wives. The centre portion, 6f inches across, shows the lower part
of the figure and the feet, with the end of the long girdle. The
right-hand plate, ^\ inches across, shows the centre of the figure
with the upper part of the girdle. Owing to the curious manner
in which the figure has been cut up the pieces do not accurately
join, but all seem to belong to the same figure.
2

III.

Obverse. An inscription, ig x 5^ inches, to Robert Manfelde,
Esq., who served Kings Henry V. and VI. This inscription is
in Roman capitals, and appears to have been engraved c. 1600.
Fragments of an earlier marginal inscription to this same Robert
Manfyld, who died in 1459 (?), remain in the church.

The later inscription reads thus :

CoNDiTVR Hic Miles, Robertvs nomine Manfelde

AVLICVS EFFVLGENS HeNRICI TEMPORE QVINTI
Qvi VARIOS SVBIIT SVMO PRO ReGE LABORES
DVM GaLLOS ET NoRMANNOS per BELLA DORMABAT
ArMIGER AC QVARTVS H : PRO TVTAMINE SEXTI
EXTITIT ELECTVS, DVM MORS IN FVNERA TRAXIT.

Reverse. This shows about three-quarters of the figure of a
civilian, c. 1500, from the hands to the feet. He wears the usual
gown of the period with deep fur cuffs, and has a large gypciere
attached to his girdle.

The writer is indebted to Mr. James Rutland, of Taplow, for
the loan of the rubbings of these palimpsests. All are now relaid
in the new church and fastened down.

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.

BURWELL.

Obverse. A figure in cassock, surplice, and almuce, head on
cushion, originally under triple canopy, but only the centre pedi-
ment, with a figure of our Lord in Pity, remains. Marginal
inscription lost. Effigy 54 inches in height, size of whole com-
position 114 X 5i| inches. Generally and probably correctly
attributed to John Lawrence, of Wardeboys, Hunts, abbot of
Ramsey, 1508-39, who died in 1542, and was buried, according to
the directions in his will, in Burwell church.

Reverse. The remaining pediment of the canopy, excluding
the figure of our Lord, is made up of three pieces of an early
figure of a deacon, c. 1320 (?). The bottom portion of the canopy,
a plate of brass measuring 8 inches in height x 14 inches in
width, shows the dalmatic with its fringed edge and orphreys,

and also a portion of the maniple. The centre portion, a small
piece of the finial, shows the embroidered amice at the neck, and
the top piece the face of the figure.

The effigy is composed of two pieces of metal, the upper hav-
ing nothing on the reverse. The lower, measuring 28 inclies in
length, bears thfe lower half of an abbot in rich vestments. The
figure is represented wearing the albe, stole, dalmatic, tunic,
maniple, and chasuble. The dalmatic, tunic and chasuble are
richly embroidered. The staff of the crosier also appears with
the tassel of the vexillum just showing.

That the slab was prepared for the brass of a mitred figure is
proved by the fact that the indent for the mitre still shows above
the head of the present figure, and that the lower part of the
figure originally occupied its present position is proved by its
fitting the indent exactly when reversed, but not so when as at
present. The monument may therefore have been prepared by
John Lawrence when abbot of Ramsey, and the figure altered
either by himself or by his executors to suit the changed times. In
order to do this a new upper half had to be provided for the
figure, as it was impossible to adapt the old part to the changed
conditions. The brass as it now remains consists, therefore, of
three parts : (i) the obverse of the canopy and the reverse of the
lower part of the figure, of date c. 1520; (2) the upper part of
the figure and the obverse of the lower part, of date c. 1540 ; (3)
the reverse of the canopy, of date, c. 1320 (?).

The obverse and reverse of the brass are beautifully engraved
in Messrs. Wallers' Scries of Monumental Brasses, and also by the
same engravers in the Publications of the Cambridge Antiquarian
Society, vol. ii. pi. i. Part of the effigy representing the lower
portion of the abbot is engraved in Haines' Introduction, p. ixviii.

Cambridge, Queens' College Chapel.

According to the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society,
vol. ii. pp. no, 271, one of the crests at the corners of the mar-
ginal inscription to Robert Whalley, 1591, is palimpsest, and
bears a fragment of a Latin inscription to Thomas Cla..., 147 .,
on the reverse. It is thus described at p. 271, "A fragment of
an inscription on the reverse of the upper dexter corner-piece.
This fragment is 3 x 3^ inches, and bears in black letter, the
following words " :

Uljomcf Cla ...

. . . rn^teU qi obiit . . .
....(m)o €€(t (l°^dB^ . . . .

The loose piece is in the possession of the College authorities.
In 1897 ^11 the brasses still remained in the old chapel now
used as a lecture room.

Grantchester.

Described as follows in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass
Society, vol. iii. p. 24: "On the north side of the chancel floor,
the matrix of an inscription plate, 2| x 1 1 inches. A small frag-
ment of the plate (4 inches of one end) is in the keeping of the
incumbent. It is inscribed in black letter as follows" :

^vatc p ala m

cava tic (Bncn ....

*' The reverse is also inscribed in black letter as follows" :

.... tic ^tobjc ^n
.... miffcabit

CHESHIRE.

Chester, Holy Trinity.

Obverse. Inscription, 17^ x 8|- inches, to Henry Gee, twice
mayor of Chester, who died in 1545.

^crc tinticc l^^ctlj biir^'cti tljc botij? of
^cnr^ (I5cc ttoo mma ma^cr o£ tijijs
cctj^'c ot Cljc0tcr iljj^cljc ticcc^^^ti tljc
titJj tia^ o£ September ^n" mi a^'Dalb"
on "txiW^ 0onl\c ilju Ijabc mcrc^.

Reverse. This inscription has been cut out of a large brass
representing a man in armour, c. 1520-30, wearing the mantle and
insignia of the Order of the Garter. The fragment shows the left
leg from the top of the knee to the instep. The knee is encircled
by the garter in the usual manner, but the motto does not appear.
A portion of the mantle remains, together with one of the long

tasselled cords used for fastening this garment. The fragment
resembles in style the well-known brass to Sir Thomas Bullen,
K.G., 1538, at Hever, Kent.

Chester, Holy Trinity.
Reverse of Inscription.

CORNWALL.

CONSTANTINE.

Obverse. Rich. Gerveys, Esq., in civil dress, and wife Jane,
daughter of Thomas Trefusis, Esq., both buried 8th October,
1574, "\vith eight sons and eight daughters, quadrangular plate
with canopy, detached marginal inscription, peculiar. Engraved
E. H. W. Dunkin's Monumental Brasses of Cornwall, pi. xxxiii.

Reverse. The quadrangular plate on which are engraved
the effigies of Richard Gerveys, wife, and children, is really
composed of two earlier plates soldered together. The upper
portion shows the figure of a man in armour, cut off at the waist
and across the forehead ; his head is bare, long curly hair shows
above the ears, and he has beard and moustache. His head
rests on a richly diapered cushion supported by angels. Over
his armour he wears a jupon charged with his arms, three crescents
surmounted by a bendlet. Portions of colouring matter were found
showing the field to have been argent ; the crescents and bendlets
appear to have been sable. The whole of the background of the
plate is filled in with a diaper of foliage, and portions of saints
under canopies appear at the edge on the right-hand side. One
of the saints may be St. John the Evangelist. The lower plate,
on which are engraved the Gerveys' children, is apparently the
upper corner of the same monument, and bears the pinnacles of
the canopy, a fragment of the symbol of St. Mark, and a few words
of a Flemish marginal inscription in Lombardic characters :

The whole is of Flemish origin, and may be dated c. 1375.

Both plates are engraved in Waller, p. xi. ; and the man in
armour only in the Gentleman'' s Magazine, N.S., vol. i. (1864),
p. 523 (erroneously lettered Harrow-on-the-Hill) ; Lithograph by
John Williams (full-size) ; and Dunkin, pi, xxxiv.

This brass has been relaid in a new stone and the palimpsest
portions fastened down. A small point in connection with the
Gerveys brass is worthy of notice. It was the work of a local
engraver, but as he was unable to engrave the heraldic charges,
he cut out a portion of the brass in the shape of the shield and
inserted another piece of brass on which the charges had been
engraved, probably in a London workshop. The hole for this
shield is plainly shown in all the engravings of the reverse of the
brass quoted above.

Mawgan-in-Pyder

Obverse. A fragment of the marginal inscription to George
and Isabel Arundel), 1573. The fragment bears the words, " our

lorde God MCC," in black letter, and is now preserved at War-
dour Castle.

Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass bearing portions of
two words and a part of a lozenge charged with heraldic devices.
The words are cut through the centre and consequently illegible,
and there is too little of the lozenge to give the arms. Engraved
Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. i.

The brass of George Arundell and wife Isabel originally
consisted of two effigies, twelve English verses, four shields of
arms, and a marginal inscription. The effigies are relaid in the
south aisle, the verses fastened to the screen, the shields lost, or
may be with the others on the screen, and the fragments of the
marginal inscription are at Wardour Castle. The brass is
engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxvi.

II.

Obverse. Figure of Jane Arundell, 1577, and half the foot
inscription in thirteen English verses, the other half lost. Now
preserved at Wardour Castle.

Reverse. The figure of Jane Arundell is composed of frag-
ments from two different Flemish brasses. The upper half
of the figure shows portions of a rich canopy which originally had
saints in niches down the side, the upper half of one female saint
bearing a tower, perhaps St. Barbara, remains, the lower half
having been cut off in rounding the head. This portion is
engraved in Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. 5. The lower half of the figure
shows portions of the centre of a canopied device and is dated
1374. A small portion of a seated figure, probably God the
Father, remains, and on liis right are two nimbed figures playing
on musical instruments. Then comes a mass of canopy work,
and finally a small portion of the marginal inscription bearing the
words " no septimo (sic) quart." The whole of the background
is filled in with rich diaper. A somewhat similar device appears
on the back of the remaining portion of the verses. The central
figure is God the Father, seated, and holding a soul in a sheet,
on the right are two nimbed figures, one swinging a censer and
the other holding a candlestick. There is an abundance of rich
canopy and diaper work. Above the central figure is half a
shield bearing apparently a chevron gonttee de sang. These two
fragments are engraved in C. S. Gilbert's Historical Survey and

Heraldy of Cornwall, vol. ii. p. 658 ; Transactions of the Exeter
Diocesan Architectural Society, i S. vol. iii. pi. 16; Haines' Intro-
duction, pp. 16, 17; Dunkin, pi. xl. Mr. Dunkin says: "On the
reverse of the missing half of the plate on which was engraved
the acrostic to Jane Arundell were the words, ' domini Millesimo
t . . . ,' which if placed before ' no septimo quart . . . ,' gives
the year 1374, thus 'domini Millesimo t [recentesi] mo septimo
quart . . .' This date agrees with the style of architecture and
the peculiar type of black letter made use of in the design. It
has been suggested that perhaps the brass was never used, owing
to the mistake the engraver made in the date, the latter part of
which should have been ' septuagesimo quarto.' "

The brass of Jane Arundell originally consisted of an effigy,
a foot inscription in thirteen English verses forming an acrostic,
and a marginal inscription. Fragments of the marginal inscrip-
tion are preserved in the church, but the figure and the half of
the verses are at Wardour Castle. It is engraved in Dunkin, pi.
xxxviii.

III.

Obverse. Head of Mary Arundell, 1578. Now preserved at
Wardour Castle.

Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass, being a portion of a
draped figure of a saint, headless, holding a clasped book. En-
graved Dunkin, pi. xli. fig. 3.

The brass of Mary Arundell originally consisted of an effigy,
a foot inscription in thirteen English verses, two shields of arms,
and a marginal inscription. The head of the effigy, the whole of
the marginal inscription, and one shield of arms, are at Wardour
Castle. The verses are fastened to the screen in the church.
The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi. xxxvii.

IV.

Obverse. Fragment of marginal inscription to Cecily Arundell,
1578, bearing the words, " wyfFe who depa . . ." in black letter.
Now preserved at Wardour Castle.

Reverse. Fragment of a Flemish brass bearing a portion of
a richly diapered robe and part of the head of a small dog with
collar of bells. Engraved i^z/;;^^, pi. xli. fig. 6.

The brass of Cecily Arundell originally consisted of an effigy,
a foot inscription in twelve English verses, and a marginal
inscription. The effigy has been relaid in the south aisle, the
verses are fastened to the screen, and the fragments of the mar-
ginal inscription are at Wardour Castle, The brass is engraved
in Dunkin, pi. xxxviii/

Obverse. A rose from one corner of the marginal inscription
to Edward Arundell, 1586. Now preserved at Wardour Castle.

Reverse. A portion of a man's face and neck, showing ruff and
doublet. Foreign, of late date. Engraved Dunkin, pi, xli, tig, 2.

The brass of Edward Arundell originally consisted of an effigy,
two plates, one with eight Latin verses, the other with eighteen
English verses, a marginal inscription with a rose at each corner,
and several shields of arms. The effigy has been relaid in the
south aisle, the verses are fastened to the screen, the shields are
lost, and the fragments of the marginal inscription are at War-
dour Castle, The brass is engraved in Dunkin, pi, xxxix.

VI.

Obverse. A shield charged with the arms and quarterings of
Arundell, It is: Quarterly I. Arundell. II, Quarterly (i,) and
(iv.) Dynham, (ii.) and (iii.) Arches. Ill, Chidiock, and IV.
Carminow. In the fess point is a mullet for difference. Now
preserved at Wardour Castle,

Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish brass, of late date, consist-
ing of a portion of scroll work, a few words of an inscription in
two lines with an outer border of foliage. Engraved Dunkin, pi.
xli. fig. 4.

The descriptions of these brasses are entirely taken from Mr.
Dunkin's admirable volume On Cornish Brasses. Haines states
the loose inscriptions to be at Lanherne Nunnery ; they have
since been removed to Wardour Castle, Tisbury, Wilts, the seat
of Lord Arundell of Wardour.

CUMBERLAND.

No palimpsest noted in this county.

DERBYSHIRE.

ASHOVER.

Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Babyngton, Esq., of Dethik,
son of John, son and heir of Thomas Babyngton, by Isabel,
daughter and heiress of Robert Dethyk, Esq., 1518, now mural.
South Aisle.

Size of plate, 18x5 inches.

Reverse. On the back of the plate is another inscription to
Robert Prykke, serjeant-of-the-pantry to Queen Margaret, 1450,
and his three children, John, Robert, and Margaret. This in-
scription is now fastened down, but according to J. C. Cox's
Notes on Derbyshire Churches, vol. i. p. 30, was as follows:

ll|ic mn Eobcrtu0 |9rpkUe armiQ:' quontiam gfectiengf
^aantric tini Q^arjyarete regina ^nglie 'clotljeef {sic)
Eobt'u0 ct ^arprcte lilirri sini qui quiticm Kobt'110
pater obiit mii tiie mens' 9^m SL° tini W^^^'^'^^^^
quorum animabu0 propicictur ticu0 ^men.

The curious word " Tothes " is probably a transcriber's error
for " Johes," the contraction for Johannes.

Dale Abbey.

During excavations on the site of the abbey in 1879, several
small fragments of brass were found. Two pieces proved to be
palimpsest. They join together on the obverse side and show a
sort of cable band with a knot at one of the corners. The centre
is a blank. The writer has no explanation to offer as to its use.
1 he reverse of the larger piece shows the greater part of a human
face, but whether male or female it is difficult to say. The
smaller piece appears to be the neck of a lady wearing a wimple,
and may or may not have belonged to the face. The larger piece
measures about 7 X 45 inches, and the smaller 3x5 inches.

NORBURY.

Obverse. Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, justice of the Common
Pleas, 1538, head gone, and second wife Maud, daughter and

co-heiress of Richard Cotton, Esq., of Hampstall Rydware, in
heraldic mantle, with five sons (lost) and five daughters (the
second in heraldic mantle), fourteen Latin verses on two plates,
one shield of arms, and three fragments of the marginal inscrip-
tion.

All the remaining parts, except the lower portion of the
daughters, palimpsest:

The figure of the judge in its present condition measures
29 inches in height, of the lady 36 inches, the daughters 1I5 X
I2i inches (the palimpsest portion 7^ x 12^ inches), the larger
plate with verses 225 x gj inches, the smaller plate 22^ x yk
inches, the shield 9x8 inches, and the fragments of the marginal
inscription respectively 15^, 15, and loi^ inches. The size of the
slab is 10 feet 4 inches x 4 feet 3 inches.

Reverse. The figure of the judge and that of his wife, exclud-
ing her head, join together and make up the greater portion of
the figure of a lady, c. 1320. The judge forms the lower half,
and his wife the upper. The lady belongs to the same type as
the figure of Lady Creke, c. 1325, at Westley Waterless, Cambs.
She is represented with wimple, close-fitting kirtle, over-gown
and mantle, the latter gathered up under her right arm. The
head of Dame Maud is formed out of a piece of canopy work and
has traces of one Lombardic letter of a marginal inscription,
showing it to have belonged to the sinister side of the compo-
sition. On the reverse of the children is a more perfect piece of
the canopy work with the figure of a monk, the background
•diapered with a fretty design, and on the edge a few letters of the
marginal inscription in Lombardic letters: 'J^^hJE^ - ©3E.
This piece belonged to the dexter side of the composition. The
shield is cut out of the centre pediment of the canopy and shows
the figure of God the Father seated and enclosed in a quatrefoil.
The three fragments of the marginal inscription all bear other
fragments of the Lombardic inscription, thus: X3Ei^ • X^El(2)^I?i

: .s3E:Bi:E. : — ^i^M-i^j^ - :e):e : yL\ — :jpm^m :

JSJ^* All these pieces form part of one composition. Mr. W.
H. St. John Hope, in the Journal of the Derbyshire Archaological
Society, vol. iv. p. 54, conjectures these pieces to have formed
part of the brass of one of the wives of Sir Theobaud de Verdun,
who died in 1316; and Mr. A. A. Armstrong, formerly Librarian
•of Denstone College and Curator of the School Museum, in a
pamphlet treating of the brass, ascribes it to Dame Matilda, wife

of Theobald de Verdun, lord of Alton, who died in 1312 and was
buried in the south transept of Croxden Abbey. This abbey was
dissolved in 1538, and the greater part of the plunder became the
property of William Basset, who had married the judge's daugh-
ter Ehzabeth.

The two remaining plates on which are inscribed the Latin
verses belong to a much later memorial. The larger bears the
centre portion of a figure in monastic habit, probably a portion of
the prior referred to in the hexameters on the smaller plate.
This smaller plate bears the remains of the hexameter verses in
two parallel columns, but much cut down. They read thus :

. . . mas quonnam prior. Ijic tcllurc quicscit : 3|mquieti

muntiiim 0iln par

.0 Ijunc brr0um memor. r0to que morierief: Dile

ratiatcr mnx. M

. s^ana fee quiti . tiult giffuare catiatee : da earo U que

MU\ .be

. . aores eito . mareent ^eu que tiolores : ^ni tiant

merores eum

. . mci leges . mi fratee funtie preeameii: 3u penis

tiegeres ut ab

The date of these two plates may be placed c. 1440.

It is just possible that the blue marble slab may also be
pahmpsest and have on its reverse the casement of the earlier
brass.

All the palimpsests are now fastened down, but the late Sir
Wollaston Franks had careful electrotypes made and fastened to
a stout board. These now hang on the vestry wall.

The obverse and portions of the reverses are illustrated in the
Journal of the Derbyshire Archtsological Society, vol. iv. frontis-
piece, and the obverse and reverse are fully illustrated in the
Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, part vi. pis. 4 and 5.

Impressions, both of the obverses and reverses, are in the col-
lections of the British Museum, South Kensington Museum, the
Society of Antiquaries, and the Sheffield Museum.

Further information may be found in Mr. Hope's paper, above
cited, and in Mr. A. A. Armstrong's paper originally read before
the North Staffordshire Field Club, and published in its Trans-
actions for 1892.

DEVONSHIRE.
Braunton.

Obverse. Lady Elizabeth Bowcer, daughter of John [Bouchier,
ist] earl of Bath, and wife of Edward Chechester, Esq., 1548,
kneeling at a desk, the lower part of which is broken away, with
inscription.

Effigy 13J inches high ; inscription plate 23^ x 4J inches.

Engraved in the Transactions of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural
Society, vol. vi. part ii., pi. 7.

Both plates palimpsest.

Reverse. The figure of the lady shows on the reverse the face
and neck of a man in armour of the camail period, c. 1370. The
laces of the camail are plainly shown running round the front of
the bascinet, and the camail is composed of banded mail. This
fragment may be of foreign workmanship. On the reverse of the
inscription is part of the centre of the figure of a lady, c. 1370, a
portion of one of the long lappets or tippets hanging from the
elbow being just visible. Compare with the figure at Necton,
Norfolk, to Ismayne de Wynston, 1372.

Yealmpton.

Obverse. An inscription in six English lines to Isabel, third
daughter of Henry and Agnes Fortescue, and wife of [John]
Copleston, 1580.

<Jl\)i'i^c 0l)int\} September mnm f^te Ijuntirct) j'carref

t\)tm efpcut
auti fourc timc0 t^ciit^' tocrc m\cc Cljci^t to caitlj Voacf

0cnt
M,\)tix 3l2>abcl t\)t loicf of Coplcoton ticarc tiiti tivr
d)C tljirD ticU' buricti tljcnrc no\uc Ijcrc in tumbc Dotlj Ijr
%o ll}cnr^' ffortc-^ciic (sic) tljirtic tiauffljtrr b[' ticjjrce
^uti ^ijnccf Ci\{\C Ijii* motljcrc? name of ^ainrtmainrccf

blotic \oc[0 0br.

Size of plate, 22 x 5^ inches.

Reverse. The upper portion of a quadrangular plate of Flemish
workmanship, c. 1460. The head of the person commemorated,

a priest, just appears a little to the right of the centre of the
plate. Above and encircling his head is a twisted scroll with this
imperfect inscription :

...esto -- manor = Varolii = prccibusf -- pia = tirgo...

Behind the figure, on the right hand-side, is a portion of a
large figure of St. James the Great with his pilgrim's staff, no
doubt the patron saint of the priest. On the left-hand side is the
head of the B.V. Mary with long plaited hair. She was pro-
bably represented seated, as there are indications of throne work
in the left-hand corner of the plate and near the head of the
figure.

-f^-^'

Yealmpton, Devon.

In the centre is a figure of God the Father seated on a large
high-backed throne and holding in a sheet the soul of the deceased,
represented as usual by a small naked figure, but having the
unusual feature of a nimbus round the head. The background
round the throne is studded with stars. The remainder of the
plate is diapered with rich foliage work. The brass, when com-
plete, seems to have been of a similar type to those at Basle,
Switzerland, to Isabel, duchess of Burgundy, 1450 ; Amiens,
France, to Bishop John Avantage, 1456 ; and Termond, Flanders,
to Peter and Margaret Esscheric, c. 1470. All figured in the
Rev. W. F. Creeny's Motiumental Brasses on the Continent of Europe.

The writer is indebted to the Rev. H. W. Macklin for the
knowledge of this interesting palimpsest and for a rubbing.

DORSETSHIRE.

Litton Cheney.

According to John Hutchins' History and Antiquities of the
County of Dorset, third edition, 1861-67, vol. ii. p. 755, there is

a palimpsast inscription in this church. The account is somewhat
vague and the present writer has been unable to verify it. The
editors of the third edition of Hutchins say: "A brass plate,
which is palimpsest, that is, has been used before the last inscrip-
tion was engraved for a similar purpose. It has three inscriptions
altogether : "

(i) "hie iacet Johes Chapman ffyschmoger et Alicia uxor eius
qui quidm Johes obiit Septimana pasche anno dni M.CCCCLXXI
quor' aiabz ppicietur deus. Amen.'*

(2) "Hie iacet Alexandriam (?)Warnby qui obiit iiij° die mes'

anno dni M°CCCC°LXXXVP cui' ale ppiciet' deus."

(3) " Orate p aiabz Johis Newpton et Thome Neupto q"" alarum
ppiciet' d's."

As far as one can judge, No. 3 must be the obverse, and Nos.
I and 2 the reverse.

DURHAM.

No palimpsest noted in this county.

ESSEX.

The writer desires to express his great obligations to Messrs.
Miller Christy, W. W. Porteous, and E. Bertram Smith, for
knowledge of the palimpsests at Terling, Tolleshunt Darcy,
and Upminster ; also for the loan of rubbings and for much kind
assistance in every way in the preparation of the Essex list.
To Messrs. Christy and Porteous the writer is further indebted
for the loan of the blocks illustrating the brasses at Aveley,
Brightlingsea, Fryerning, and Strethall ; to the Society of Anti-
quaries for the block illustrating Stondon Massey ; to Mr. F, W.
Short for investigations at Walthamstow ; and to Mr. Arthur H.
Brown for the loan of the rubbing of a lost shield at Upminster.

Aveley.

Obverse. Inscription to Charles Barett, son and heir of
Edward Barett, Esq., 1584, aet. 29, and wife Christian, daughter
of Sir Walter Mildmay. Size of plate, 19^ x 5 inches.

^rcc buticr Ipctlj Cljarlccf Barrtt cfonnc anH \)ti\'t to
(ElJbjarti Barett ccfquirc: toljo marprti Cljricftian tiatityljtfr
to s»ir ([(llaltcr ^tltimaj' knj'ffljt, anti Ijnti far Ijrr \\ 0onnccf
iinti on Uiiujyljtcr. Ijc ticccacfcfct) in tljc uk j'crr of Ijio
iiffc tljc biii tia^'c of ^w^mt an° ^\\\. 1584.

Above the inscription is a shield (5^ inches in height) bearing
the arms of Barett, per pale (arg. and gu.),four bars counterchanged.

Reverse. On the back of the inscription is a portion of a
marginal inscription from a large Flemish brass. It bears the
following words

xxiii, 0tt. tiaclj. l mt^it + ^icr Icglj

enclosed between longitudinal foliated borders of simple, but
elegant design. The date is c. 1420.

The original slab, still containing the shield, lies on the floor
of the Chancel, but the inscription is loose, one piece being in the
hands of the vicar, and the other in the Colchester Museum.

efiaariSr %Mtt rfinmrrtta mamfr iW&im im4)m

anir mi WioWfr.ljr itttm^ in ije ^w »frr of to
aoe Uir ttn fiagr tf HUfiua an"* M. 1 5 8 4"^

Palimpsest Inscription, Aveley, Essex.

About one-fifth full size.

For a full account of the history and vicissitudes of this brass see
Messrs. Christy and Porteous' account in The Transactions of the
Essex Archaological Society, N.S., vol. vii. p. 4, where both sides
of the brass are engraved.

Brightlingsea.

A bracket, c. 1400, whereon have been placed the effigies of
Dame Alice Beryff, 1536, and her daughter Margaret, inscription
lost. On floor of North or Beriffe Chapel.

This is a compound brass, and so far as is at present known,
a palimpsest by appropriation, although the figures are strongly

Brightlingsea, Essex.

About one-eleventh full size.

suspected to be true palimpsests. The bracket originally sup-
ported the figures of two priests in copes, the indents showing
the figures to have been about 25 inches in height. In 1536 the
smaller figures (22^^ inches in height) of Dame Alice and her
daughter were substituted. Messrs. Christy and Porteous, who
figure and describe this brass in The Transactions of the Essex
ArchiBological Society, N.S., vol. viii. pp. ig, 28, give the following
reasons for considering the ladies' figures to be palimpsest : —
" In the first place, the plates are (as the edges show) of greater
thickness than those ordinarily used when the later effigies were
engraved. As to the figure of the maiden lady, there can hardly
be a doubt that the curious contraction in the width of the gown^
which is observable about the level of the knees, was rendered
necessary by the use of some earlier effigy, though, with a little
more care, this contraction could have been rendered much less
obvious or done away with altogether. That the existing effigies
are some three inches shorter than those on the back of which
they are engraved is easily accounted for ; for the narrow necks
of the priests would not allow of the insertion of taller effigies
of the width of those now existing into the same matrices. It
seems probable therefore, that, on the death of two lady members
of the Beriffe family, the effigies of the two earlier priests were
seized upon, cut down, and re-engraved on the reverse side by
some clumsy workman in order to make them serve as monu-
ments to the ladies in question."

FiNGRINGHOE.

Obverse. Effigies of John Alleyn, c. 1600, and his daughter
Ailse on one plate, with inscription. Male effigy i2| inches
high; inscription-plate i5|- x 3f inches.

The inscription only is palimpsest.

Reverse. On the back of the inscription is a portion of the
text from Job i. 21, of about the same date.

Iehova dedit Iehova abstulit sit nomen ....
benedictv mors frvmarv meta est & . . . .
salvtis cvpio etiam dissolvi & esse cv . . . .

Now fastened to the Chancel wall.

Fryerning.

Obverse. A lady, c. 1560, slightly mutilated at the head and
left arm. Height 22^ inches. Husband, children, shields and
inscription lost. Probably part of the brass to Leonard Berners,
third son and heir to William Berners the elder, Esq., 1563, and
wife Mary, eldest daughter and co-heiress of James Gedge, Esq.,
of Shenfield.

Reverse. Obverse.

Palimpsest Figure, Fryerning, Essex.

About one-sixth full size.

Revevse. About two-thirds of the upper portion of a lady, c.
1460, attired in the usual costume of a widow.

The brass is now mounted in a frame so as to display both
sides and hangs in the Vestry. Both sides are engraved in
Alfred Suckling's Antiquities and Architecture of Essex, p. 8, and
in The Essex Review, vol. iii. p. 123.

Stondon Massey.

Obverse. Effigies of Rainold Holingworth, 1573, in armour,
and wife, with foot inscription, and shield of arms with crest and
mantling on square plate. Effigies, male 18^ inches, female
I7f inches, inscription-plate 18 x 6| inches, shield of arms
7I X 6j inches. Relaid and now mural in Nave.

Reverse. The male and female effigies are palimpsest, being
made up of fragments of Flemish brasses of two different dates,
the whole of the female figure and the lower part of the male
being of one and the same date, probably of the latter part of the
fourteenth century, whilst the upper part of the male effigy is
considerably later. Rubbings of the brasses were exhibited
before the Society of Antiquaries on the 25th of January, 1877,*
by Mr. Edward Cox, who stated " they had been removed from
the church for security on account of the stone beneath having
crumbled away. They had now been replaced in the church,
under his superintendence, in what is known as the Chapel of the
Meyer family, to whom the Stondon property came some forty
or fifty years ago, when the last of the Holingworths died, leaving
no direct issue." Mr. A. W. Franks, Director, communicated
the following remarks on the palimpsest portions : — " The former
[i.e., the earlier work, on the reverse of the feiiiale and the lower
part of the male effigy) consist of two canopies, of which the
upper one is imperfect. In the lower is the figure of St. Andrew,
fully draped, with a nimb, bearing in his right hand a book, and
in his left his usual attribute, a cross saltire. In the upper one
is a figure of St. Bartholomew, also with a nimb, the right hand
pointing out of the canopy towards the sinister, and the left hold-
ing his usual attribute, a flaying-knife, with the point upwards.
Immediately under the right hand, on the outside of the mantle,
appears a singular mark, to which it may be well to call atten-
tion, though I am not prepared to say it has any significance.
It would be interesting if it should hereafter prove to "be an
artist's mark."

" It is noticeable that the lower portion of the engraving on
the back of No. i {i.e., the male effigy) is inverted. It appears,
if placed in its proper position, to fit the lower portion of No. 2

' Proceedings, 2 S., vol. vii. p. 123.

Palimi'sest Reverses, Stondon Massey, Essex.

J linear.

{i.e., the female effigy) from which it was probably taken and
soldered on No. i in its present position."

" On the upper part of the back of No. i (see woodcut) is a
large portion of the arms of Cleves and La Marck quarterly,
with an inescutcheon, of Burgundy modern and ancient quarterly,
and Flanders over all. ^ Adolphus, first Duke of Cleves, married
for his second wife Mary of Burgundy, one of the daughters of
John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, and died in 1448. (See
L'Art de Verifier les Dates, xiv. p. 400). The coat of Burgundy,
with an inescutcheon of Flanders, was borne by the Dukes John
the Fearless and Philip the Good, until the latter acquired the
Duchy of Brabant in 1430. The arms on the brass can scarcely
be those of Adolphus, first Duke of Cleves, and Mary of Bur-
gundy, as she was not an heiress, which according to modern
English heraldry such a marshalling of arms would denote ; but,
according to French or German heraldry in the fifteenth century,
these arms might have led one to suppose that a Duke of Bur-
gundy, or a member of his family, had become or claimed to be
Duke of Cleves ; or, that a Duke of Cleves had become Duke of
Burgundy : neither of which cases was the fact. John, Duke of
Cleves, the eldest son of Adolphus, bore the arms of Cleves and
La Marck only ; either side by side, as on his seal (see Vredius,
Genealogia Com. Flandr., p. 119), or impaled, as in the achievement
of his arms as knight of the Toison d'Or (which he had been
created in 1451), which were placed in 1458 over his stall in the
church of Our Lady at Bruges (see Gaillard's Inscriptions et
Monuments de la Flandre Occidentale, tom. i. pt. 2, p. 8 ; Chifflet,
Insignia Gentilitia Eqn. Ord. Veller'is anrei. No. xlvii. p. 27 ; Maurice,
Toison d'Or, p. 58). His younger brother, however, Adolphus,
Lord of Ravenstein, bore the arms of Cleves and La Marck
quarterly, with the inescutcheon of Burgundy, as shown by
his seal (Vredius, Geneal. Com. Flandr., p. 122; Sceaux des Grands
Feudataires, pi. xxxii. fig. 2 ; Demay, Inventaire des Sceaux de la
Flandre, Nos. 123, 124), and in his achievement placed over his
stall in the church of Our Lady at Bruges in 1458 (Gaillard,
p. 10). The same arms were continued by his son Philip, and
it is possible that this younger branch of the Cleves may have

' Cleves. Gu., an escutcheon arg., over all an escarbuncle or. La Marck.
Or, afess chequy arg, and gu, BURGUNDY Modern. Az., three fleiir-de-lys or
within a bordtire gobony arg. and gti. Burgundy Ancient. Bendy of six or
and az., a bordiire gii. Flanders. Or, a lion rampant sa.

adopted the inescutcheon of Burgundy as a difiference. A
splendid mausoleum was erected at the Dominican church at
Brussels for Adolphus, Lord of Ravenstein, who died 1492, and
his second wife in 1501. It consisted, however, of effigies in
relief with rich metal v/ork, and remained till the destruction
of the Dominican church in the bombardment of Brussels in
1695 (see Brahantia Sacra). It does not therefore seem probable
that the plate of which our brass is a portion, and which was
laid down in 1573, was derived from it. There may, however,
have been an earlier tomb for the first wife of Adolphus, Beatrice
of Portugal, who was buried at Quesnoy."

" The obscure object on the dexter side of the brass, above
the arms, is part of the crest of the Duke of Cleves, which was,
according to Chifflet {Insig. Gent. Ord. Eq. Veil, anvei, No. xlvii.
p. 27), ' Une teste de taureau affrontee de gueulles, armee et
allumee d'or, sommee d'une couronne cerclee an blason de la
fasce de La Marck, rehaussee de fleurons d'or.' The chequy
portion, seen above the eye of the bull in the woodcut, is part of
the fesse of La Marck above mentioned. This crest seems here
to have been treated as a helmet, and the bars at the mouth
of the bull are a portion of the visor. They are so represented
in Maurice, Toison d'Or, p. 50,"

This interesting palimpsest is now fastened down. The
reverses are engraved in Proceedings of the Society of A ntiquavies of
London, 2 S. vol. vii. pp. 124, 125, and here reproduced by kind
permission of the Society.

Strethall,

Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Abbott, rector, 1539. Size
of plate 14 X 4i inches.

^tu Uctlj iJl^aiorrr Uljomaef Abbott
late pGoit Ijrr' toljlclj tirrrosm p \^m Daj'
of C^rtob' tbf ;'rr' of our lorti iJl^iCCCCC
31^^^3131^ on I0I300 ooiilr Jcoii Ijaiic nuuc^'

Now erroneously placed under the figure of a priest in
academicals, c. 1480, in the Chancel.

Reverse. Another inscription to Margaret Siday, c. 1450.

9^e Sl^argnretam ^ttiap mono tcrmibug t^am
£iuontiam formo^am muUcrcm relliffio^am
^ic contemplantc0 qualcef critic memorantegf
4Bo0citc po0co tieum cclicf nonet miciji mansfum

The reverse is now fastened down. There is a plaster cast
in the Saffron Walden Museum. Both sides of the plate are
engraved in The Reliquary and Illustrated Archaeologist, vol. v. p. i6.

33ijlrtn!]ioIfl) innuMs^onft inirftiutintliin ^-

Palimpsest Inscription, Strethall, Essex.

About one-sixth full size.

Terling.

A small corner of the inscription belonging to the brass to
William Rochester, Esq., 1558, in civil dress, and wife Elizabeth,
1566, with six sons and four daughters, brass engraved c. 1584,
is loose and proves to be palimpsest. On the obverse this corner
bears the letters " In an | And fy " in two lines, and on the reverse
two letters of an inscription in raised black letter. The fragment
measures 2 x i| inches and belongs to the left-hand corner of
the inscription.

TOLLESHUNT DaRCY.

Obverse. The lower portion of the border of a large Flemish
brass, c. 1375. The plate measures 38 x 6f inches, and is

composed of three strips, which respectively measure, beginning
from the right, 13I, 9, and 15^ inches. The odd 5 inch is made
up in the joints which do not fit very closely.

The design consists of a background richly ornamented with
conventional vine leaves and bunches of grapes, a long curving
scroll, or rather a series of small scrolls, containing clauses from
the Apostles' Creed. In the centre is a small seated figure of
the Virgin, crowned, and holding the Child in her arms. On the
right is a seated figure of St. Philip, his name ^. ^IjllippUS
on a small scroll above his head, in his right hand he holds a
long cross and with his left points to a scroll bearing the words
from the Creed attributed to him. On the left is a similar figure
of St. Bartholomew, a small scroll above his head bearing his
name ^. 3flrtl)0lrntru', in his right hand he holds a knife and
with his left points to the scroll. In the right hand corner is the
winged ox of St. Luke, and in the left the winged lion of St.
Mark.

The scroll, or series of small scrolls, reads thus :

liti patrifif omipotctis | itir bctiir' iutircarc ijitioe> t ntor=
tuo0 1 Crctio ill 0'pm sanctum 1 sancta(m)

The words " dei patris omnipotentis " form part of the clause
" sedit ad dextram dei &c." attributed to St. James the Less and
probably his figure appeared on the side strip above the emblem
of St. Luke. To St. Philip is attributed the clause, " Inde
venturus est judicare vivos et mortuos," and to St. Bartholomew
the clause, "Credo in spiritum sanctum," whilst the single word
" Sancta(m) " forms part of the clause, " Sanctam Ecclesiam
Catholicam," attributed to St. Matthew, and whose figure was
probably on the side strip above the emblem of St. Mark.

This side of the brass is engraved in The Transactions of the
Essex Archaeological Society, N.S., vol. i. p. 3, and in F. Chancellor's
Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of Essex, pi. xlvii. Also compare
with this the border of the well-known brass at Schwerin to
Bishops Godfrey and Frederick de Bulowe, 1375, engraved in the
Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental Brasses of Europe, p. 10.

Reverse. The two end pieces are palimpsest, but the centre
piece is blank. These two palimpsest pieces bear a design some-
what similar to that on the obverse. The background is similar,
the emblems of St. Luke and St. Mark appear in the corners, but
the Saints are different and the scrolls are treated in a different
manner.

E-
Z

S .

O X

< M

^ W
X .

<
Q

(I.
O

Q
<

>
O

3
O

The larger piece has the seated figure of St. James the Less
holding a club or fuller's bat in his left hand and pointing with
his right to a scroll bearing the words, ^CllCt iltl tiCltCram UCl
patrigf OmnipOtCntief. in the comer is the winged lion of St.
Mark represented seated and not as on the obverse standing.

On the smaller plate is a seated figure of St. Thomas, but
owing to the solder used in brazing the plates together his em-
blem is obliterated. His left hand points to a scroll bearing the

following clause, 2Dic iT^urrcrit a mortin0 a0ccntiit ati

CClOgf. In the right-hand corner is the winged ox of St. Luke
seated.

This interesting fragment is now nailed to the wall of the
Darcy Chapel, but whether it ever formed part of a large Flemish
brass in the church of Tolleshunt Darcy, or whether it has
drifted into this church from some other source, is unknown.

II.

Obverse. A lady, c. 1535. Effigy ijh inches in height.
Inscription lost.

Obverse. Reverse.

Palimpsest Figure, Tolleshunt Uakcy, Esse.x.

About one-sixth full ^ixtb.

Now placed on the wall of the Darcy Chapel. Possibly
Katherine, wife of Thomas, son of Anthony Darcy, Esq., 1535.

Revevse. A portion of the lower part of an abbot or bishop, c.
1400 (?). Portions of the following vestments can be seen: the alb
with its lower apparel, one end of the stole, the dalmatic or tunic
with its fringed border, and the chasuble. Now nailed to the
wall of the Darcy Chapel.

III.

Obverse. An inscription, within an ornamental border, to
Anthony Darcy, Esq., justice of the peace, 1540. To this
inscription belongs (?) a large nondescript armed figure, a six-
teenth or seventeenth century copy of an early fifteenth century
brass."

I feftiiliB0pofocfi)t)9lQili5©P;frH

Palimpsest Inscription, Toli.eshunt Darcy, Essex.

About one-eighth full size.

The inscription only is palimpsest. It measures 21 x 10
inches, and reads thus :

l3crr tinticr tljj'ef 0tcnc \}Kt\\ ^\\m\^ 2Darc^
rsquicr $ ^wQtizt of tlje peace to ou^ 0ou'aig:'e
lorn kino: Ijrnq' tljc Viii toljirlj ^nton[> nccejspli
tljc rbiii U^ of October an° tint 9^^V^^1L°

' Apparently copied from the brass to John de Boys, Esq., 1419, still pre-
served in the church. A similar instance of the copying of an earlier figure
occurs in the church of St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, where the armed figure of
Peter Rede, Esq., who died in 1568, is represented in armour of the period c.
1470. Peter Rede is engraved in Haines' Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 52.

The figure and inscription are engraved in F. Chancellor's
Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of Essex, pi. xlvi.

Reverse. Another inscription in raised black letter to Robert
and Maud le Wale, who both died on the 28th of July, 1362.
It is of Flemish workmanship and reads as follows :

+ ^tatc . 0pcnalitcr . pro aialnm . robcrti .
k Miaic . n . matiltiio . fonscrticf . cmsticm
quorum . rorpcra . mb . i0to . lapitir . sunt
Ijumata . qui . olncruiit . Uiccsimo . tiii tJic . men
0(0 . iulii . anno . tiommi . milcsimo . trc
ccntf0lmo . E^ii . animafau0 . quorum
propicictur . alti0imu0 . amen .

Now nailed to the wall of tlie Darcy Chapel.

IV.

Four shields with Darcy arms, &c., sixteenth century, now
fastened to the wall of the Darcy Chapel.

Obverse, (i.) A shield, 5I x 45 inches, bearing the arms of
Darcy, {Arg.), three cinquefoils {gu.), pierced {of the field), in fess
point a crescent . . . for difference.

(2.) A shield, similar in size, bearing Darcy, as above, impal-
ing . . . a fess . . . hetuieen three oak leaves . . . , perhaps for
FitzLangley.^

(3.) A shield, similar in size, but broken into two pieces,
bearing Darcy as above.

(4.) A mutilated and broken shield, apparently belonging to
the same series. In its present condition it only measures about
5x4 inches in its broadest parts. It appears to bear the arms
of Darcy, as above, impaling . . . tivo chevrons . . . , but it is very
indistinct.*^

Reverse, (i) and (2) are cut from the same brass: when
placed together they show the hands, a portion of the right arm

' The arms of Darcy quartering FitzLangley (Arg.), a fess between three oak
leaves (gu.), occur on a mural monument in the church of All Saints, Maldon, to
the memory of Thomas Darcy, Esq., 14S5, sec Chancellor's ^«(/f«/ Sepulchral
Monuments of Essex, p. 146.

= This impalement may be Tyrei.i., (Arg.), two chevrons (az.), ivithin a
bordure engrailed (gu.).

and the upper part of the body of a figure, probably an ecclesi-
astic, in academical dress, a Master or Bachelor of one of the
Faculties, wearing a fur-lined tippet and hood. The cuffs of the
under-dress reach up to the knuckles. Date c. 1420. Com-
pare with the figure of John Motesfont, LL.B,, vicar of Lydd,
1420, in the church of Lydd, Kent.^

{3.) Shows a portion of an ecclesiastic in amice and chasuble.
Date c. 1420 (?). The figure is cut off just below the chin and
just below the knuckles.

321 4

Palimpsest Shields, Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex.

About one-fifth full size.

(4.) This fragment has a few engraved lines only, but may
possibly be a portion of the chasuble of No. 3.

Upminster.

Obverse. A civilian, c. 1540, turned sideways and wearing a
doublet, to the girdle of which is attached the gypciere, tight
hose, the usual fur-lined gown with long false sleeves, and very
broad-toed shoes. Inscription lost. Height of effigy 17 inches.

' Engraved in T. H. Oyler's Lydd and its Chiinh (fronds.).

Reverse. The figure has been cut out of the lower part of a
much larger figure of an ecclesiastic, either an abbot or a bishop,
vested in albe, stole, tunic or dalmatic, and chasuble. Probable

Obverse Reverse.

Palimpsest Figure, Upminster, Essex.

About one-sixth full size.

date c. 1400-20. This figure is now fastened to the wall of the
North Chantry.

II.

Obverse. Nicholas Wayte, citizen and mercer of London (son
of Thomas Wayte, citizen and draper of London), lord of the
manor of Geynes in Upminster, died August 7, 1542, and wife
Ellen, daughter of Robert Dencort, of Alveley, by Elizabeth, his
first wife, daughter of Jenkyn Gierke, of Alveley, died May 27,
1545. The inscription mentions that Robert Dencort afterwards
married Maryon Myller, and had issue Richard, Annes, and Alice
Dencort.

Male effigy 19] inches in height, female 184 inches, inscrip-
tion-plate 22 X 7 inches. All palimpsest.

Reverse. The figures of Nicholas Wayte and wife are cut out
of a very large foreign brass, probably Flemish, of an abbot or
bishop, and when placed together show the gloved hands folded
on the body, part of the chasuble richly diapered with large
foliage work, the centre orphrey having small figures of Saints
under canopies. A portion of the stem of the crosier also appears.
Both pieces show signs of considerable wear. The work, from the
style of ornamentation, may be dated in the last quarter of the
fifteenth century, probably c. 1480. Two pieces from this same
figure are re-used in parts of a brass to a member of the Knighton
family, c. 1545, at Bayford, Hertfordshire.^ So far as the writer
is aware this is the first instance in which pieces of one and the
same brass have been identified in two separate churches. It is
also interesting as proving that the two later brasses came from
the same workshop.

The reverse of the inscription shows a portion of another
inscription consisting of an epitaph in Latin verse, four lines
remaining perfect, but a fifth has been bisected and is illegible.
This inscription is in very large and bold black letter, apparently
of English workmanship, c. 1500. It reads thus :

jF^lir ilia W& albo gfiffnantia lapillo
€n tntvtt fuller limina 0ancta pater
3111 pro meritisf retidat pia premia eljrijstuief
Siue maueant cueto0 intiubitata pio0.

The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. E. Field, of Benson, for
the following metrical paraphrase of these lines :

" Set we the white-stone mark upon that happy day
When o'er the holy threshold Father Fuller trod his way
To him Christ for His merits the pious guerdon give
Which undoubted waits for all men the pious life that live."

The brass is now fastened to the wall of the Nave.

III.

A small fragment, now lost, reproduced from a rubbing in the
collection of the Society of Antiquaries.

' See illustration, Bayford, Herts.

tufmrnM f fisfliJrt^WM i6Bf (iro(ti 3?l9a^a$ tfiafftiralt^finikjr Jaw/

nj'nnt 5titilrif4W^«nf'a\n'ni ^men.v^

CAMMVMAV UU/'tVV'

7« wvMMv

Obverse and Reverse of the Wayte Brass, 1545,

Upminster, Essex.

About one-eicrhth full size.

Obverse. A fragment of a helmet with mantling. Possibly a
portion of the lost figure of Roger Dencourt, Esq., 1455.

¥^^m

Formerly at Utminster, Essex.

Reverse. A small piece of canopy work of English design,
probably a " waster."

IV.

In the collection of Mr. Arthur H. Brown, of Brentwood, is a
rubbing, taken in September, 1862, of a palimpsest shield, 6 x 5^^
inches, now lost. On the obverse are the arms of the Mercers'

Obverse. Reverse.

Formerly at Upminster, Essex.

One-third full size.

Company ; on the reverse a shield bearing a chevron and on a
chief some charge resembling an eagle displayed ; but the whole
design is much obscured by pitch. The shield may have formed

a portion of the brass to Nicholas Wayte, 1545, who, as stated
in his inscription, was a citizen and mercer of London. The
family of Brown, of South Weald, Essex, bore (gu.), a chevron
between three lions' Jambs erect and erased {arg.), on a chief (of the
second) an eagle displayed (sa.), armed and crowned {or), which may
possibly be the coat here represented. The writer is indebted to
Mr. A. H. Brown for the loan of the rubbing from which the
accompanying illustration has been made.

Walthamstow.

Obverse. — Hale, in civil dress, and wife — , daughter of
— Porter, born at Grantham, died in 1588 (only lower part of
figure left), and inscription in eight Latin verses.

Obverse and Reverse ok the Hale Brass, 1588,
Walthamstow, Essex.

About one-tenth full size.

The male effigy measures igt inches in height ; the female, in
its present mutilated condition, 6 inches ; and the inscription-
plate 17 X 6| inches.

There is an engraving of this obverse side with the figure of
the wife complete in J. P. Malcolm's Views Within Tivclve Miles
Round London, 181 1, intended as an Appendix to Lysons'
Environs of London.

Reverse. The male figure is cut out of the lower portion of
a much larger figure of a civilian, c. 1450, a portion of the girdle
appearing at the head and a slight indication of the fur border of
the bottom of the tunic at the feet. The remaining portion of
the female figure exhibits on the reverse the hands, a portion of
the sleeves, and the girdle of another civilian, also of date, c.
1450.

The inscription, or a portion of it, is probably palimpsest, but
no record seems to have been made when the brass was shifted.
There is a suspicious joint in the right-hand corner which has
every appearance of being the outline of the base of a figure to
which a small portion has been added to complete the date.
Some few years ago the brass was relaid in a cement slab
in the Nave, but very soon the figures became loose and were
removed into the Vestry. Eventually the inscription was taken
up and together with the male figure fastened to a pillar at the

filtsi .pOTirri.^ljalffioie Jijrirtts frfrjajfl:
•^ Sraw^ham mf annnt; mmr MQotmc ttramlo
QimtUDF fti jiiates j^atas tttiiSfmJi) wuittiira .

Mixri xr.ffiFi)-, nna rl;nlic. mri trarHt.RTf; viom
fisrrrafinruus rt jniltetamni ifla pmrau)
^ nimraiirtfsijtiinisji&'nrf Msto.
tus cratf pi) imnrrs gmWrrt froQ. . '
c BirEf mnrtr PTU6. pnnnjuiro Oetre i^s'.

Obverse of Hale Inscription, 1588, Walthamstow, Essex.

east end of the South Aisle. The upper part of the female figure
had disappeared before i860. The lower part was loose in the
Vestry cupboard in January, i9oi,when the church was visited
by Mr. F. W. Short, to whom the writer is indebted for the
above illustration.

WiMBISH.

A small fragment from the now lost brass to Joan Strangman,
c. 1575, is preserved in the British Museum. For many years it
was in the possession of the late Canon Sparrow Simpson who
had purchased it with other curiosities and being unable to
identify it presented the fragment to the Museum in 1874.

Obverse. A small portion, 2f x 3f inches, of the left elbow of
the lady.

Reverse. Five letters " blllgi/' part of a word from the
marginal inscription of a large Flemish brass, c. 1420. A portion
of the design for an angle emblem also appears. Haines (vol. ii.
p. 64) says " on reverse an effigy of St. John, &c.," but nothing is
known of this. The brass has been fully described and illustrated
by Messrs. Christy and Porteous in the Transactions of the Monu-
mental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 262.

GLOUCESTERSHIRE.
Bristol, Temple Church.

Obverse. A priest in processional vestments, viz., cassock,
surplice, and cope, but the almuce is omitted. Date c. 1460.
Inscription lost. Relaid in a new stone on the Chancel floor.
Height of effigy 27 inches.

Reverse. The figure of the priest is cut out of the larger
figure of a lady, of date c. 1460, and apparently representing a
widow, as she wears the plaited barbe and mantle, and has a ring
on the third finger of the right hand. This portion is now
fastened down. From the similarity of dates it is probable
that this figure was a " waster," either from some defect in the
workmanship or because it failed to please the representatives of
the family.

Both sides of the brass are engraved in George Pryce's Notes
on the Ecclesiastical and Monumental Architecture and Sculpture of
the Middle Ages in Bristol, p. 118, fig. 9, and in C. T. Davis'
Monumental Brasses of Gloucestershire, p. 59.

The writer is indebted to Mr. Davis for the loan of the block
from which the accompanying illustration is printed.

HAMPSHIRE.

DUMMER.

Obverse. Inscription to Alice Magewik, 1591. Size of plate
9^ X 2^ inches.

^cre l^'ctlj t\)c boli[' of ailj'S
S^atjctoik of 2Dumrr tortiolo
bljo tircti t\)c ruii \ji\vc of
3|anuarj^' ^iino 2Dni 1591.

"" iiiniiiiiiiii'"""""^"'^'"""^

Palimpsest Brass, c 1460, Temple Church, Bristol, Gloucestershire.

About one-quarter full size.

Reverse. Another inscription to Sir Robert Clerk, chaplain of
the chantry of Peter Fabiller. Date c. 1500.

^it mtt ringf Kobcrtu0 Clerk quoria[m]

Capdlanujs Cantarief prtri ffabillec i[n]

p'0enti tztWa. funtiat' twi' m ppiciet' tic' ^[men].

Found in 1889 under the pews in the South Aisle, and now
hung on a hinge and fastened to the wall.

Odiham.

Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1540, feet lost, now mural,
North Chantry. Height of effigy in its present mutilated con-
dition 23^ inches. Possibly Richard Vass, Esq., 1542. The
original slab, now partly covered by the stove, shows indents for
this figure, two wives, two groups of children (one group consist-
ing of one son and five daughters yet remains under the stove),
an inscription, and several shields. It appears to have been once
on an altar tomb, but this has been destroyed.

Reverse. The figure is made up of three odd pieces. The
top piece, 4|- x 4f inches, bears a few engraved lines only,
much obscured by pitch, and may possibly have been a portion of
the priest in the centre piece. The centre piece, measuring
loi X 9| inches, is cut out of the centre of a figure of a priest in
a cope, c. 1480 (?). The bottom piece, 9 inches in length, bears
a portion of a draped figure, c. 1440 (?),

Winchester College.

In the possession of the Warden of the College is the greater
portion of the original figure of John White, elected Warden of
the College in 1541, consecrated Bishop of Lincoln in 1554,
translated to Winchester in 1556, deprived in 1559, died at South
Warnborough in 1560, and buried in Winchester Cathedral.
The brass was probably engraved and laid down in the College
Chapel about the year 1548. When the Chapel was restored in
1877, some of the brasses, including this one, were taken up for
safety, but when again required, could not be found, nor, with

the exception of this fragment, have any of them been recovered.
In 1882, Dr. Freshfield caused facsimiles of all the missing
brasses to be engraved and laid down in the Chapel. The
original figure is palimpsest.

Obverse. Effigy of Warden White, head and feet lost. Size
of figure in its present condition 31 x 135 inches. The Warden
is vested in a cassock, surplice, and cope richly embroidered with
pomegranates and roses, the hood just appearing on the shoul-
ders. The cope is fastened by a large morse charged with the
sacred monogram.

Reverse. The figure has been cut out of the upper part of a
much larger figure of a lady, in the costume of a widow, c. 1440.
The end of the plaited barbe appears on the breast, the over-
gown has large surplice sleeves, and the tight-fitting sleeves of
the undergown appear at the wrists.

Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Havipshire Field
Club Papers and Proceedings, vol. iii. pi. i, page 80.

ISLE OF WIGHT.
No palimpsest noted here.

HEREFORDSHIRE.
No palimpsest noted in this county.'

HERTFORDSHIRE.

The writer is indebted to Mr. W. Frampton Andrews, of
Hertford, for the loan of the rubbings of the palimpsests at Bay-
ford, King's Langley, and Walkerne.

Aldenham.

Obverse. A portion of the inscription to John Long, Salter^
citizen and alderman of London, 1538, and wife Dame Margery.
The plate in its present mutilated condition measures 12^ x

4 inches. Sir Henry Chauncey, in his History and Antiquities of
Hertfordshire, ed. 1826, vol. ii. p. 371, states that the plate was
formerly in the North Aisle, and gives the inscription in full. The
missing words are here shown in brackets.

[l^ere Ij^etlj] bttrj^eti tljc liori^' of Joljtx [Eono: Salter]
[citijejn i aincrman of ^Loiitioii tinti [2Damc iJl^ar]
[Qtt^ IjJiS topfc bjljidj Joljix D^'cti ['c [ti tiiU' of]
[3|ul^ 9^°V'^dB3BViii [toljose gfoul 3]C0U0 partioii]

Chauncey erroneously gives the date as 1536.

Reverse. A portion of another inscription in raised black
letter of the second half of the fifteenth century. It is in three
lines, but defaced in places :

militicf q

tiio:ni02?imc tiomine (Ele tir'igf ti . . ,

animatuifif propicict' tic

In a communication to the Transactions of the Cambridge Uni-
versity Association of Brass Collectors, pt. ix. (1891), p. 23, Mr. W.
F. Andrews writes that " the fragment of brass was found at the
vicarage in June, 1889," and that the vicar intended to have it
framed and hung in the vestry.

Bayford.

Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1545, the centre portion of a
female figure of similar date, and a shield charged with the arms
of Knighton impaling Gascoigne quartering Pigott. Most
probably the remains of the brass to John Knighton, Esq., lord of
the manor, who died in 1545, and of his wife, apparently a mem-
ber of the family of Gascoigne. The male figure and the shield
are now relaid in a recess in the Chancel specially constructed to
receive the Knighton monuments when the church was rebuilt
in 1870. The fragment of the female effigy was not relaid and is
now in the possession of Mr. W. Clinton Baker, of Bayfordbury,
who has most courteously lent the original for reproduction and
to whom the writer desires to express "his obligations.

The male effigy is 20 inches in height, the fragment of the
female effigy 6^ inches, and the shield measures 6| x 5 inches.

The male effigy is engraved in J. E. Cussans* History of Hertford-
shire, vol. ii. (Hundred of Hertford), p. 148.

All the existing pieces are palimpsest.

Reverse. The armed figure is made up of two portions of a
large shrouded figure ; the upper, 13^ inches in height, shows the
folds of the shroud over the body with the bare knee and part of
the leg just appearing, the lower, 6f inches in length, shows the
foot and a small portion of the leg. The two pieces do not join,
a small piece having been cut out. The hatching over the joint
is simply a key for the solder. The date appears to be about the
middle of the fifteenth century.

Obverse and Reverse of the Knighton Brass, Bayford, Herts.

About one-eighth full size.

The fragment of the lady and the shield are cut out of a large
Flemish brass of an abbot or bishop, c. 1480, of which two other
larger pieces form the reverses of the figures of Nicholas and
Ellen Wayte, 1545, at Upminster, Essex,^ thus confirming the
date of the Knighton brass and also proving the Bayford and
Upminster brasses to have come from the same workshop. As
before remarked under Upminster, this, so far as the writer is

' See illustration, Upminster, Essex, No. II.

aware, is the first instance in which pieces of one and the same
brass have been identified in separate churches. The fragment
of the lady shows a portion of the richly diapered chasuble, part
of the stem of the crosier, and the portion of the figure of a Saint
on the centre orphrey of the chasuble. The shield also shows a
portion of the chasuble with its edge, and portions of the dalmatic
or tunic beneath. As is the case at Upminster these fragments
show signs of considerable wear.

Great Berkhampstead.

Obverse. Six Latin verses from the brass to John Water-
house, Gent,, and wife Margaret; both died in 1558. Size of
plate i8| X 7 inches, in two pieces respectively measuring 15
and 3^ inches.

(tcct mb W tumulo coniiinc trorq? iaccmucf

aetemam pacem tionct ttriqj ^m^

/liil cuiqucim abcftulimu<j efi quiti bcitefccimujs till

(Est qui pro mcritic? prcmia Uigna tiabit

d^eft tamcii trna gfaluef Cricfti miefccatio qtiam qui

Crau0i0 ambobuef scpc prccarc prccore.

Reverse. The larger piece is cut out a very finely engraved
quadrangular plate commemorating Thomas Humfre, of London,
goldsmith, and Joan, his wife, a daughter of William Bayntun,
brewer. The date may be c. 1500 (?). Haines states that the
upper part contains portions of two figures in shrouds (?), with
five sons and two daughters, and between them St. Michael
weighing souls. A portion of the figure of St. Michael is fairly
clear but the rest is very indistinct. The inscription on the
lower part of the plate is in raised black letter, the large initial
"O" enclosing a small seated figure of St. Jerome in Cardinal's
robes, with a cross in his right hand and a lion on his left side.
Four lines of the inscription remain and read thus :

^i }>onvc djaritc praj' for tlje 0oul[c0]
of ^Ijomas l^umfrc late of llonti[on]
goltismj'tljc anti 3|onc Iji'of toj'ffc tijc [Mn]
Qiljtcr of (Elj^'ll^'am Baj^'ntu brrtocr tcil)['c[lj]

The tops of the letters of a fifth line can just be seen. From
the delicacy of the engraving it seems probable that the brass
was the work of one of the worthy goldsmith's own craft. The
plate, which is now on a hinge, is fastened to the sill of a window
in the North Transept. The figure of St. Jerome is engraved in
J. E. Cussans' History of Hertfordshire, vol. iii. (Hundred of
Dacorum), p. 6i.

Braughing.

Stolen during the restoration in 1888, and now in the Saffron
Walden Museum, Essex.

Obverse. Effigies of a civilian and wife, c. 1480, inscription
lost. Probably Thomas Grene, son of Richard Grene, 1484,
and wife. Height of effigies iSg inches. The figure of the man
is in two pieces, the head being broken offi

Reverse. The male effigy is alone palimpsest and is cut out of
the slightly larger figure of a lady, c. 1440, wearing a veil head-
dress and a very high-waisted gown with large full sleeves.

The obverse of both figures and the reverse of the male
figure are engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass
Society, vol. ii. p. 214. In a paper, by Mr. W. W. Porteous,
accompanying the illustration, it is stated that the brasses were
purchased from a mason for five shillings by Mr. J. J. Green, of
Stanstead, Essex, and by him presented to the Museum.

Eastwick.

In the collection of the Society of Antiquaries is a rubbing
of the palimpsest portion ^ of the inscription in eight English
verses, now lost, to Robert Lee, Esq., 1564, and wife Joan. The
figure of Robert Lee has long been missing, but the stone
still containing the figure of his wife Joan, the eight verses, a
smaller plate with the date of death, and two shields, remained
in the Chancel floor until the church was rebuilt between 1870
and 1880, when all except one shield and the smaller inscription-
plate disappeared. Quite recently the figure of the wife, which
is not palimpsest, has been recovered and together with the other

' See N. Salmon's History of Hertfordshire, 1728, p. 255.

two pieces placed on the tower wall. The second shield has
found its way into the Saffron Walden Museum. Possibly the
inscription may yet turn up from some unexpected quarter, and
as an aid to identification is here printed in full.

Obverse. The plate bearing the verses measures ig| x Cl-
inches and has been broken across the middle, the pieces re-
spectively measuring g and io|- inches ; a small fragment, about
2x4 inches, has also been broken from the top right hand
corner. The verses are as follows : li

ILlobcrt %tz (£0qu['cr IjijS botiic 13 Inir^'cli Ijcre

<iail)o jserijcti tot l^^w^z Ctitoartic fir^tc tief gfrtocc mciiie a

5anti after to lij^iiffe ^aijillippe anti Sl^atie ^ucne of latr
^nti la0t to^'tlj ^ucnc (EUjabetlj our noble prince in

<anti of tlje anncient :2BnQ:lcp ^otogfe in Cljes^Ijire bornr

toa0 Ijc
5anti in tijief '(lombe tot 3]onc Ijicf toife lytu burieti botiir

tljcp be
jfor toljo0c ffooti tertuegf on t^t ertlje anti tijere nrsferbeti

fame
^\)\^ ffooti remembraunee after tietlj isljall 0tiU reneto

tlje jsame

The smaller inscription bearing the date of death measures
II X 2| inches, and is also either broken across the middle or
composed of two plates respectively measuring 5^ and 5I inches.
It bears the words :

toljiclj Eobert tipeti p^ rriii lia^ of
3|anuar^n 1564, anti tlje ssa^^li 31oue
tij^eti i'f ba^' of

Reverse. On the reverse of the eight English verses is the
greater portion of an inscription to Elynor, [wife] of John Pate,'

i[5]2i:

' Wills of the following members of the Pate family may be found in the
registers of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury at Somerset House : John Pate,
of Shillington, Beds., and Offley, Herts., 1505 ;■ John Pate, of St. Thomas of
Acres, London, 1506; and John Pate, of Henley-on-Thames, and Blackfriars,
London, 1520.

» * « *

t pra^ for tf)e gfoule of CEl^nor l^ate
to 31o5tt pate nnti tiouffliter of
of ^m\t^ t\ic tol)icl)e (Elinor tiece^^en
f ffebruar^ t\it ^ere of our lorti (Bots ^
xxi on to^o^e gfoulr JiW \\a\it merc^ amen.

Although a portion of the date is missing, the style of the
inscription and of the lettering leaves no doubt as to the date
being 1521.

Hertingfordbury.

A shield, 5^ x 4f inches, formerly in this church, but now in
the possession of the Society of Antiquaries of London.

Obverse.

Reverse.

Formerly at Hertingfordbury, Herts,
now in possession of the society of antiquaries.

About one-third full size.

Obverse. A shield of arms bearing. Quarterly I. and IV. two
lions passant. 1 1 . and II I . a cross patonce, impaling a saltire engrailed,
which again impales a lion rampant.^

An old rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries,
from which the above shield was identified as belonging to this

' This may be the coat of Dudley quartering Sutton and impaling Tiptoft and
Powys.

church, shows that originally there were four shields on the slab,
viz., (i) at the upper dexter, three bars gemel, for Benstede (?);^
(2) at the upper sinister, the shield now in the possession of the
Society of Antiquaries ; (3) at the lower dexter, Quarterly I. and
IV. two lions passKut ; II. and III. a cross patonce, impaling
Quarterly I. and IV. a saltire engrailed impaling a lion rampant ; II.
and III. three bars gemel (?) ; (4) at the lower sinister, as No. (3),
but in the first quarter of the impalement the lion takes pre-
cedence of the saltire. These shields are now lost.

Reverse. The shield has been cut out of a group of children,
c. 1460. Portions of five or six boys may be clearly seen and in
the right hand corner is apparently the skirt of a female figure.

King's Langley.

Obverse. Inscription to William Carter, 1528, and wife
Alice. Size of plate 17x3 inches. The prayer clauses at the
beginning and end have been completely cut out.

f (Lcllj'Um Carter anti ^1^0 ij^'cf bj^'fr

tljc toljpcl) (l(ll?'llm tirfC00cti tljc \\ tiar of aprj^U fw t!)r pcrc
of o'- lorn 9^i>Tc^a^>Tnici ^^

Reverse. Another inscription to Joan, apparently the wife of
— Marsburgh, citizen and bowyer of London, 1487. The des-
truction of the prayer clauses in the Carter inscription unfortu-
nately renders this inscription incomplete.

Prn^j for tljr sonic of Jo

iJl^ar0buro:l) ritqcm anD liotoj'cr of Honnon toljidjc

Joljan tic . . .
I pc pcrc of ottr lorti pti ^ bl^°CCCC2l

^^^V\\ . . .

St. Alban's Abbey.

Obverse. The lower portion of an -abbot, c. 1400, generally
attributed to John de la Moote, abbot from 1396 to 1401. The

' The arms of Benstede are (gii.) t/n-ee bars getuel (firg.).

fragment measures 21 inches in height. Engravings of this well-
known brass may be found in Boutell's Monumental Brasses and

Slabs, p. 148 ; The Portfolio of the Mommiental
Brass Society, pt. xi. pi. i. with pieces now
lost ; The Home Counties Magazine, vol. i.
pp. 154 (as in the Portfolio), 155 (from a
sketch made in 1643).

Reverse. The lower part of a lady with

a small dog at her feet, of similar date and

probably a "waster" from the workshop.

Engravings of this reverse may be found in

Boutell, p. 148 ; Macklin's Monumental Brasses,

St. Alban's Abbey. p_ jog . ^nd the Home Counties Magazine,

vol. i. p. 157, to the publisher of which the writer is indebted

for the loan of the accompanying block.

St. Alban's, St. Peter.

R. Clutterbuck, in his History of Hertfordshire, vol. i. p. 118,
gives the following account of the discovery of the palimpsest
reverse of the inscription to Roger Pemberton, Esq., high sheriff
of Herts., and founder of an almshouse at St. Alban's, died 1627,
aged 72. The inscription is now lost, only the figures of Roger
and Elizabeth Pemberton and a quadrangular plate bearing their
six children remain in the church and have recently been relaid
and fastened to the wall of the South Aisle.

Clutterbuck says : " The stone to which these brass plates
were originally affixed having been broken, the workmen, at the
time of the repair in 1786, finding that Mr. Ray's gravestone [in
the south aisle] was of a size convenient for their purpose, took
possession of it, and fastened the brasses to it ; but the stone hav-
ing been taken up during the time of the last repair, and exposed
to the heat of the sun, the cement which fastened the largest
plate was melted, and it was pulled off, when it appeared that
the inscription which commemorated Mr. Pemberton was as
much an intruder upon the brass as the brasses were upon Mr.
Ray's gravestone, for upon the back of the brass plate appeared
the following inscription engraved in the antient German charac-
ter":

" iltvt l^^nl) Joljii Ball brirkcmakrr toljirlj pbc tljc pflr=
00110 anti toartjcns of tl)ls Cljirdjc 3^0 pcrclr for a pcr=
pctiitill oliitc to be kcptc for tijc 0oulp0 of Ijim nnl5
(Elijabctlj lji0 to;'f anti Joljii Ball l)i0 faticr anti Cljrj'0=
tiaii 1)10 molirr anti tljc 0aiti ;|oljii ticcc00rti rljc uiii tia^'
of €)ctobrc tljc }kvc of oi lorn Q^.ITc^f on tol)O0c
0ouli0 J['\)n iia\ic mrrc[>. ^mcn."

Walkern.

Obveysc. Inscription to Richard, son of John Huniherstone,
1581. Size of plate 151 x 4 inches.

i^ere l^ctlj buricti iinticr tlji0 0tonr tl)c botip
of E^cljarti I3umbcr0tonr tljc 0onnc of 3|o^n
l^umbcr0tonc toljo nccca00cti tljc biitij tia^'
of i^arcljc i\\ ^t ^tu of o^ Eorb (Boti 1581.

Reverse. The greater portion of an inscription to John Love-
kyn, four times mayor of London, who died in 1370, and was
buried in the church of St. Michael, Crooked Lane, London.
The inscription reads thus :

[Fcjrmibim t&za tiatur ILobckmi caro pulcljra [31olji0]
[Bi]0 fuit Ijic maior itcrum bi0 Ecp uib[cntc]
[ajnno millcno tcr C cum 0cptuapno

John Lovekyn was mayor of London in 1348, 1358, 1365, and
1366, in the two latter years by command of the King as stated
in the inscription. According to Stow, he rebuilt the church of
St. Michael, Crooked Lane, and " was buried there in the choir,
under a fair tomb, with the images of him and his wife in alabas-
ter. The said church hath been since increased with a new

choir and side chapels, by Sir William Walworth ; and

also the tomb of Lofkyn was removed, and a fiat stone of grey
marble, garnished with plates of copper, laid on him, as it yet
remaineth in the body of the church."^ From this account it

' Thorns' edition of Stovv's Survey, p. 83.

seems probable that Walworth moved the high tomb with ala-
baster figures into a new position and marked the actual place of
interment by " a flat stone of grey marble, garnished with plates
of copper," one being this inscription which was seen and copied
by Stow. The date 1370 appears to be an error; John Love-
kyn's will is dated on the Thursday after the Feast of St. James
the Apostle (July 27), 1368, and was enrolled and proved in the
Hustings Court of London on November 6, in the same year.

The plate is now on the wall of the Vestry. Both sides are
engraved in J. E. Cussans' Histcvy of Hevtfovdshive, vol. ii. (Hun-
dred of Broadwater), p. 79. See also the Tvansactions of the London
and Middlesex Avchceological Society, vol. iii. p. 133, when the original
plate was exhibited and commented upon by the late Mr. J.
Gough Nichols, F.S.A., and vol. vi. p. 340, for a paper by the
late Major Alfred Heales, F.S.A., entitled "Some Account of
John Lovekyn, Four Times Mayor of London."

Obverse. Effigies of Edward, son of John Humbarstone,
gent., 1583 in civil dress, and wife Annas, daughter of Edward
Welche, with five sons and three daughters, a foot inscription,
and shield of arms with helmet, crest, and mantling on a square
plate with rounded top.

The male effigy measures i8j inches in height; the female
17^ inches; the plate on which the sons are engraved tapers
from 6 to 5^ inches in height and in length is 6f inches ; that on
which the daughters are engraved tapers from 6 to 5 inches in
height and in length is 5 inches; the inscription-plate is 2i| x 4
inches ; and the plate bearing the shield, &c., is 8^ inches high
by 7 inches wide.

All palimpsest.

Reverse. The reverse of this brass is made up of no fewer
than eleven pieces cut out of three or four Flemish brasses of
various dates. Five pieces belong to a marginal inscription,
dated 1474, and apparently commemorating a member of the
Van Lauwr family ; four other pieces, two being fragments of a
marginal inscription and two portions of a shield, appear to
belong to a brass to the family of Gryse, of date c. 1510 ; another
bears a group of sons, of date c. 1500; and another the head of
a lady, c. 1400 (?).

^^7

Paiimi'mcm Ki.M.KMiM'i IIimrkkmum; 1!ka>s, 15S3, W.\lki;r.\, Hekis.

About one sixth lull size.

68.

The male effigy is made up of two pieces, the upper, 7^ inches
in height, bears the head of a lady in veil head-dress and wimple,
of date c. 1400 (?); the lower, io| inches in length, bears a por-
tion of a marginal inscription bearing the words 0rp0C tilt OU'l ^
enclosed within an ornamental border of foliage, and may be
dated c. 15 10.- A small fragment of this same inscription is
used in the foot inscription, and the shield out of which the
children are cut bears the arms of the Gryse family impaling
another coat.

The female effigy is also made up of two pieces belonging to
a marginal inscription (a third piece bears the date 1474) appar-
ently part of a memorial to the family of Van Lauwr. The
upper portion, 7 inches in length, bears the word 0CpultUCrC
on a curved scroll, below which is a smaller scroll bearing the
words p -f l[' + filUlt, the background being filled in with a
rich diaper of foliage work. The lower portion, 10 inches in
length, bears on a curved scroll the words ttllt + IflUtor, with
the background filled in with a rich diaper of foliage and mons-
ters. A portion of a roundel just appears at the narrower end of
the fragment.

The children are cut out of a large shield of arms originally
measuring about 11x9-^ inches ; the two pieces join together and

give the arms of the Gryse family, a chev-
ron between three trefoils, impaling a buck's
head with an escallop shell in base, possibly
a differenced coat of the family of De
Cerf.^

The inscription is composed of four
pieces, respectively measuring loj, 6|, 2f ,
and 1 1 inches. The larger piece is cut
out of a group of sons, c. 1500, under
canopy work and standing on a floor
divided into squares. The centre figure

Walkern, Herts.

' For " Gryse die overleet " = Gryse who died.

^ Compare with the marginal inscription in the church of Notre Dauie, Bruges,
to Alexander and Barbele du Bosquiel, 15 12, figured in J. Gailliard's Inscriptions
Funeraires et IMonumentales de la Flandre Occidentale, vol. ii. p. 140.

' Rietstrap, Armorial General, gives the arms of De Gryse, of Bruges, as
D'arg. au cJiev7-on de gii. ace. de trois trejles de sinople, and those of De Cerf de
Haghedorne, Bruges, D'or a un rencontre de cerf de gu. Gailliard, Inscriptions
Funeraires, &c., says the Gryse family have a vault in one of the chapels in the
church of St. Donat, Bruges.

is complete, the one on the right is cut in half, and of the one on
the left only the hands and a portion of the robe remain. It will
be noticed that this figure has a small cross in its hands, proba-
bly indicating that the child was dead. The second and third
pieces of this inscription are portions of the 1474 inscription ; the
larger piece bears the words int JCI, and the smaller the end of
some word now illegible. The fourth piece is a mere fragment
from the border of the Gryse inscription.

The plate bearing the Humberstone shield contains a portion
of a roundel, and a curved scroll with the date CCCCD + 2.310
^iiil, and has the background filled in with the diaper work
of foliage and monsters.

The brass was originally on the floor of the North Aisle, but
is now fastened to the wall.

HUNTINGDONSHIRE.

No palimpsest noted in this county.

KENT.

Aylesford.
Obverse. Inscription to John Savell, gentleman, servant to
Sir Thomas Wiat, knight, 1545. Size of plate, 17^^ x 3^ inches.

^ere Ipetl) JoW »)atell (Bentilman jsiitpme efarbant to ^^r
'(Il)omnef Wiiat knvQl)t 'txiliic^ tifce00iti tlje lanrtt) tiop of
maiTljc ^" mi 9^iFr^2iF. ^n VdIjosc 0otilc iljTi Ijn uc
nicrcp.

;|^{pffl)|dmsafifll'®Enttitoan flapturstuSaiitfiispr

Palimpsest Inscrh'tign, Aylesford, Kent.

About one-quarter full size

Reverse. The inscription is cut out of a portion of a canopy

of a very late foreign, probably Flemish, brass, and shows the
greater portion of a figure of Force or Fortitude. This cardinal
virtue is represented by a female figure with a shield charged
with a cross on her left shoulder, whilst with her hands she is
apparently throttling a dragon. On a small curved scroll at her
feet are the letters OVCt and the top horizontal stroke of the letter
'• F." Force is usually represented either throttling the dragon or
tearing it out of a crenellated keep or dungeon, as may have been
the case in this example, but unfortunately, the right-hand side
of the figure is cut off. The date of this fragment appears to be
but a few years earlier than the inscription. It is engraved in the
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. viii. p. 174, and in
W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 10, No. 15.

COBHAM.

Obverse. Inscription to William Hobson, master of the col-
lege, 1473. Size of plate, 16 x 4I inches.

^ic iam tingf W^illm | 0 ^ob0on quonliam
^a^ii i0tiu0 coIUq | ii qui obiit xzii Hie
iau0U0tia°tinia^°CCCC° ] JL^mU tnV m dpicin' \it'

Only the first half of this inscription, eight inches in length,
is original ; the remainder is a restoration by Mr. J. G. Waller.
It is engraved in W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 38, No. 67.

Reverse. The original half bears on the reverse a portion of
another inscription, c. 1420 (?), but the name and date are un-
fortunately wanting.

^ic iatmt magi^t'

obiit x):° Die men0'

ac 30abeUa $ Sig;nt0

Now fastened down.

CUXTON.

Obverse. Inscription, slightly mutilated at one end and date
not filled in, to John Buttyll, parson of Cuxton and chaplain to
Prince Edward. The effigy, 15 inches in length, is lost. Size of
inscription-plate in its present condition, 1 5! x 3^ inches. The
casement shows it to have originally measured lyk inches in
length.

[Prap] for tlje isoulf of ^a&ttt 3!ol)n Button pgfon of

[t!ji0] cl)urcl)e, anD c!)apla^n to t!)e i^^o:!) $ nob^ll

[prijnce Ctitoartie, tol)icf) 91^ Jolin tiece^efili t^t

[Hap] of ^n° nni S^^F^ toljo' gfoule i!)u pno.

The casement lies on a high tomb between the Chancel and
the South Chapel with a painted chamfer inscription, which,
according to Thorpe's Registrum Roffense, p. 772, reads thus :
" Hie iacet Johannes Botyll rector huius ecclesie qui obiit ultimo
die Junii anno domini 1568."

Although Master John Buttyll held the living until the year
1568, the brass cannot be dated later than the year 1547, when
Prince Edward became King Edward VI. Probably it was
engraved during the rector's lifetime, somewhere between the
years 1540 and 1547. There is an engraving of the tomb
in Gough's Sepulchral Monuments, vol. ii. pi. xxxii. p. ccxc.

Reverse. This inscription is cut out of a portion of a large
canopy with figures of saints and angels in niches. The lower
portion of one female saint and the head and wings of an angel
alone remain. Haines queries it as Flemish, but it appears to be
of English workmanship late in the fifteenth century.

Loose in the church chest in 1900.

II.

Obverse. A mutilated inscription, 11 x 5 inches, to John
[Turner] , woolpacker, of London, 1545.

prap for t!)e gfoulc of 31ol)ii

dJUolpackrr of EonDon 0ome

I^at!)erpn0 Cljrp0tc!)urcl)c

Sluffueft a° nni ^°V'^ILV. o toljo

Mr. J. Challenor Smith, in a communication to Notes and
Queries, January 4, 1879, says : " By way of supplying the missing
surname I subjoin a''note from a will, obviously that of the person
commemorated on the brass. Will dated 12th and proved 22nd
August, 1545 (P.C.C. Pynnyng, fo. 33), 'John Turner of the
parishe of Saint Kateryn Christis Church w'in London Wolman
.... My bodye to be buried in the churche of Cokston in Kent,
in the Chapell of Our Lady, yf I doo deceas in the parishe of
Hallyng. And yf I lyve I will that my body shal be buried in

the Church of Saint Kateryn Christis Church aforsaid, before
the Fonte, in a knowlige of the faithe which I toke there. . . .' "
Master John Buttyll was one of the witnesses to this will.

Reverse. This is composed of the fragments of two inscrip-
tions, the larger piece, 7| inches in length, bears a portion of an
inscription to Adam (?) atte Sterre, 1395, and wife Marion, 139 — .
It reads thus :

.... a atte Sterre qui ... .

g^°ccc"E^^5erF°

.... riona atte Sterre ....

. . . . \\(i €€€"" /I5onoQ:e0im ....

The smaller piece, 3|- inches in length, bears a few words of
a later inscription, c. 1460 (?), much obscured by pitch and
solder. It reads thus :

.... uoq? pauU . . .
£f q' p'oc ol . . .
bita e0t

with a scroll composed of leaves under the last line.

Broken in two pieces and loose in the church chest in 1900.

DOWNE.

Obverse. Inscription, now broken and mutilated, to John
Bederenden, citizen, clothier, and chamberlain of London, 1445.
Size of plate, 21 x 2f inches.

^iz mtt 3o^e0 Betiec[emien] qntim €m^ ^annari'

$ Camerari' ILonlion
qui obiit rriif Hie 2Decembri0 a° mi "3^^ €<t€€°^%V

t\xi ale ppiciet' tie' ^me.

Reverse. A portion, 7^ inches, bearing the commencement of
the inscription, is a fragment of the end of another inscription
of similar date, probably a " waster." It bears the following
words :

qui obiit ri Die

.... alabi ypiciet' Deujsf.

I'imT

Palimpsest Inscription, Erith, Kent.

About one-third full-size.

\Tofacep. 73

73
Erith.

Obverse. Inscription, now much broken and mutilated, to
Anne, eldest daughter of Thomas Harman, Esq., of Crayford,
and wife of William Draper, gentleman, of Erith, 1574, " and
lefte in chyldryn too sonnes and too dowghters that ys to say
Thomas and Henry : Elizabeth & Brydgett."

Size of plate when complete 13 x 6| inches.

^ttt i^nljt tl)c faoti^c of annc i5arma[u p]
eluejste 2Dotog:()ter of ^ljoma0 l^arman [of]
Cra^forn (E^quicc auU toife to inillm 2Dra[p of]
(Erpt[)t Qtnf toljo 2D['cti tljc rt[ij na^e of]
ipfbruar^ 1574 anti leftc in [Clj^ltirpn too]
»)onne0 i too SDotugljtcrief tlja[t ^0 to 0ap]
d)oma0 antJ i^cnr^ : dijabetl) [i 3v}>\iQm],

The words in brackets are supplied from a complete rubbing
in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries. In 1863 Erith
church was much damaged by an explosion in the neighbourhood
and this brass disappeared during the subsequent restoration.
In 1893 ^ small fragment about 3x3 inches, was given to Mr.
R. A. S. Macalister by a gentleman whom he had met whilst
travelling in Scotland. Mr. Macalister identified the fragment
as belonging to Erith and sent it on to the Rev. R. W. M. Lewis,
then curate at Erith, who fastened it to the wall of the vestry.
In 1897 ^^- Lewis received from the family of a former church-
warden another piece of the brass measuring about 9x6^ inches,
and then had the pieces mounted in a frame between two sheets
of glass and hung in the church. Upon examination the frag-
ments proved to be palimpsest.

Reverse. A fragment of a large Flemish brass, of late fifteenth
or early sixteenth century work, showing a portion of a shield with
a fretty field charged with eagles displayed and a small portion of
the mantling above, also a piece of the ornamental border sur-
rounding the whole.

Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Transactions of the
Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii. p. 203.

Faversham.

Obverse. Two shields, 6x5 inches, each bearing the arms
of the Cinque Ports. Date c. 1540.

Reverse. One shield is cut out of the figure of a lady, c. 1440,
apparently a widow, portions of the barbe, the veil head-dress,
mantle, and girdle of the kirtle being visible. Rings are worn
on the fingers of both hands. The second is simply an old
shield re-used, and bears the arms of Langley, quarterly per fess
indented (arg.) and (az.) quartering Langley, quarterly {or) and (gu.)
a bend (sa.).

These shields are now fixed on hinges and let into a pillar in
the North Aisle.

GODMERSHAM.

Obverse. Inscription to William Geffray, chantry priest, 1516.
Size of plate, 15I x 2| inches.

^ic iacn tingf ^illmujs (Beffra^ qu°tim cantari0ta

l^ui' ttclii qui obiit rr° Hie ^'cii Sin° Uni 9^°<t€€€€°

Reverse. Another inscription, to William Attilburgh, gentle-
man, 1471, and wife Margaret.

^ic mmt ^laiillmgf ^ttilburg:!) gen'osfugf n ^atsatna

uxat
€iu0 qui quiHem aoliUmgf obiit xxiiii° Hie ^tmi&

)aprili0 a°
dni 9^''CCCC°^^^3i° quor' ianimab? opicietur tieuef

ame.

Loose in the custody of the vicar.

Graveney.

In the collection of the Society of Antiquaries is an early
rubbing, taken by Thomas Fisher in the first quarter of the
nineteenth century, of a palimpsest fragment then loose in the
church chest but now lost. It is a fragment of an inscription,
9X3 inches, bearing on the obverse in very late black letter
characters the words :

. . . auenel Couerlelige burieti tlje . . .
. . . U}bttiie xxi,

and on the reverse a portion of another inscription :

m]ic iacn 'djomas C!)^

. aprir a° mi 9^°€€(t€°9B . . .

The rubbing is very faint and indistinct, especially of the
obverse side.

HOATH.

The Rev. H. Haines, in his Manual of Monumental Brasses, part
ii. p. 102, states that the figure of Agnes, wife of Antony Maycot,
1532, is palimpsest. The figure is now fastened down and the
writer has been unable to obtain any further information.

Lee, St. Margaret.

Obverse. Inscription, mutilated, to Henry Byrde, groom of
the King's chamber, 1545. Size of plate about 13 x 4I inches.

i^enricugf B^cUe quontiam Falectuef Camece
Eeffie mo dormit gfub jsaro q' (i\iiit xxiiii
2Die iapriU0 anno tini 1545
zwi' ale ^piciet' lieugf

Reverse. H. H. Drake, in his new edition of E, Hasted's
History of Kent, part i. the Hundred of Blackheath (all published),
p. 229, gives the following unsatisfactory note : " This brass, a
palimpsest, was unknown to Thorpe."

The inscription is now securely fastened to the wall of the
North Aisle and the writer has been unable to obtain any further
details.

Obverse. Effigy (23 inches) and inscription (20 x 4I inches)
to Mrs. Isabel, daughter of Thomas Hatteclyf, Esq., and wife to
Mr. Nicholas Annesley, 1582.

Reverse. Drake, p. 229, says on the back of the inscription
are " fragments of a palimpsest (probably Flemish) displaying the
lion of St. Mark engraved with remarkable vigour and richness."

This inscription has been inaccurately relaid under the small
figure of Elizabeth Couhyll, 1513, and is now on the wall of the
North Aisle, The writer has been unable to obtain any further
details of the reverse.

76
West Malling.

Obverse. A shield, loose in April, 1901, but about to be
refixed, 6x5^ inches, bearing — Quarterly I. and IV. (Arg.),
semy of cinquefoils (gu.) a lion rampant (sa.) Perepoynt. II. (Arg.),
SIX annulets, 2. 2. and 2 [sa.) Manvers. III. (Az.), three hedge-
hogs (or) Heriz. From the brass to Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
Anthony Babington, and wife of George Perepoynt or Pierpont,
Esq., 1543. The upper part of the figure and another shield
bearing Babington quartering Dethicke still remain in the
original slab on the Chancel floor and are probably also palimp-
sest. Engravings of this side of the brass may be found in
Haines, Introd., p. 244 (effigy) ; W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses,
pi. 78, No. 151 (effigy and Babington shield) ; and the Rev. H. W.
Macklin's Monumental Brasses, p. 75 (ibid.).

Palimpsest Shield, West Malling, Kent.

About one-third full size.

Reverse. A portion of the pediment of a canopy, c. 1500, to
which has been added a small piece with a few engraved lines
only in order to complete the shape of the shield. By the
courtesy of the vicar, the Rev. A. A. Lawson, the writer was
■enabled to clean the pitch from the plate and so bring out the
lines of the canopy. The smaller piece is much obscured by the
solder used to fasten the two plates together and it is impossible
to say what it may have originally represented.

77
* Margate.

Obverse. A heart inscribed (BtftlO qtl, with three scrolls
respectively inscribed KctmnptOC meU0 bliJlt— 2De tttXxX

0urrmuru0 0um — gn carne mea tiOcbo tieu ^altator^

mCU, and an inscription, 19 x 2| inches, to Sir Thomas Smyth,
vicar, 1433.

^xz mzt tin0 '^Ijomagf »)mptl) quontia ticari' igfti' eccUe

qui obiit
t'cio tiU €)ctobri£f SL" tiui <^''€€<L<^°'^l^%nf cui' ale

ppiciet' tieu0 Slmen.

Engravings of this side of the brass may be found in the
Gentleman's Magazine, vol. Ixvii. (1797) pt. ii. p. 641 ; The Oxford
Manual,^, cxiv. (heart and scrolls); Rev. H. Haines' Manual
of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. cclxiii. (heart and scrolls);
and W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 82, No. 164.

Palimpsest Reverse of Inscription, Margate, Kent.

About one-fifth full size.

Reverse. When the church was restored about twenty years
ago, the inscription was found to be palimpsest. It bears on the
reverse the greater portion of another inscription to John Dalton
and wife Alice, 1430.

[€)r]ate pro a'lab} 9IoI)i£f 2Dalton n SiUcic uic'ifi ciii^ que

tiicta Alicia obiit
[ . . ]bii tiic gianuarti anno tini 9^'€€€€°^^%' quor'

alabj ppicict' ticuef ante.

From the close similarity in date it is probable that this
inscription was a " waster" from the workshop.

The writer is indebted to Mr. W. J. Mercer, of ^Margate, for
the tracing from which the accompanying illustration has been
made. Mr. Mercer also states that only two rubbings of this
inscription were made before it was refixed in its original position
on the Chancel floor.

II.

Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Fliitt and wife Elizabeth
Twaytts, 1582. Size of plate, 28^ x 8^ inches.

HiER VNDER LIETH BVRIED ThOMAS FLIITT

who departed this life the

And Elizabeth Twaytts his wyfe who

DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE XXVIII OF ivli

A° Domini 1582.
From the style of lettering, the shape of the numerals, and the
use of the word " Hier " for •' Here," it seems probable that the
inscription was cut in Flanders and imported by Thomas FUitt.

Reverse. A portion of the side strip of a Flemish marginal
inscription, c. 1400, bearing on a long curved scroll the words
iaer Ongf ^ercn a\0 men ^tVtet ^ and containing shields and
scenes from the life of man in the compartments formed by the
curving of the inscription. In the top compartment is the base
of a shield showing the charge of a roundel, in the next are two
figures on stilts, in the third a shield-semy of crosses crosslet three
helmets, two and one, and in the fourth a youth catching butterflies
with the aid of his cap or hood. The whole of the background is
filled up with a diaper of conventional vine leaves and bunches of
grapes. This side of the plate is engraved in W. D. Belcher's
Kentish Brasses, pi. 81. fig. 161; The Building News, January 13,
1888 ; and G. Clinch's Old English Churches, p. 237. In the chapel
of St. Mary, Ypres, is a somewhat similar brass, but later in date,
to the memory of Pieter Lansame, 1489, and wife Lizebette,
1487. It is engraved in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental
Brasses on the Continent of Europe, p. 46. The Margate fragment is
now fixed on a hinge and attached to the wall of the South
Aisle.

Minster, Isle of Sheppey.
As is now well known the legs of the figure of Sir John de
Northwode, 1320, are a sixteenth century restoration. Mr. J. G.
Waller, under whose superintendence the brass was repaired and
relaid in 1881, thus describes the circumstances of this early
restoration and the later discovery of the palimpsest. Mr.
Waller says^ : " In the early days of- archaeology (1838), myself

' " In the year of our Lord as one writes."

■•* Proceediyigs of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. viii. p. 443, :).nd Arckaolosia
Cantiana, vol. ix. p. 148.

and brother visited Minster, and were struck with the comic
peculiarity in the mode of crossing the legs, as shown in this
figure. Unlike any other example, it seemed as if in the act of
performing some ingenious feat of the terpsichorean art. We
were not long, however, before we pronounced it to be an
ignorant restoration, much to the disgust of a very self-important
sexton or clerk, who, finding his crusader legend upset, seemed
almost inclined to turn us out of the church. Closer examination
showed a different colour of the metal, which only proved what
the details of costume and character of the recumbent lion
indicated. Pursuing the subject afterwards, we not only became
the more convinced, but we assigned the date proximately of this
restoration to the early part of Henry VIII.'s reign, and were
borne out by the brass of Peter Gerard, 1492,^ engraved in our
volume of Monumental Brasses, in which the recumbent lion is
almost identical. Years rolled on, when a casual conversation
with the Rev. Canon Scott Robertson revealed that he had found
evidence in the register of Archbishop Warham, at Lambeth,
pointing directly to the causes which led to this curious circum-
stance, so unusual at a time when destruction on a large scale
was at hand. At a visitation held at Sittingbourne, October i,
151 1, the churchwardens of Minster presented that, ' It is desyred
that where, of long tyme agoo, in the said chapell, a knight and
his wife (were) buried, and their pictures upon theym very sore
worne and broken, that they make take away the pictures, and lay
in the place a playn stone, with a epitaphy who is there buried,
that the people may make setts and pewys, where they may more
quietly serve God, and thot it may less cowmber the rowme '
(Register, fol. 57, vi.). The commissary admonished the church-
wardens and parishioners to present themselves before the Lord
Archbishop and to implore his paternity for help in this matter
(fol. 79, vi.). It is a natural assumption, therefore, that at this
time a reparation of the figures took place, and that the en-
lightened Archbishop Warham may have enjoined this preserva-
tion, instead of acceding to the very churchwardenlike request of
putting ' a playn stone with an epitaphy.' By turning over the
legs of the knight we now see in what way our churchwardens
set about the work. The artist employed was not an archaeolo-
gist, yet he evidently assumed that the figure must be that of a

' At Winwick, Lancashire. See A Series of Monumental Brasses, by J. G.
and L. A. B. Waller.

crusader, and so, according to the notion that arose about this
time, that a cross-legged effigy denoted one who had served in
the Holy Land, he thought it the proper thing so to restore the
brass. Unhappily, he seemed to have forgotten that, when the
legs are crossed the knees must be close to each other, and that
the original, preserving this part of the figure, shows them
wide apart ; so in this he erred. Then he follows nearly the
costume of his own time, though not exactly, in respect to the
soUerets, which have the aspect of belonging to the armour worn
a few years earlier. As regards the recumbent lion, as before
stated, it has all the character of that used in brasses of the early
part of the sixteenth century, at which time the work was

Palimpsest Figure, Minster (Sheppey), Kent.

About one-eighth full size.

evidently done. The reverse shows that an old brass, either from
the same or some other church, was robbed for the metal by
which to do this repair. It is the base of a female figure having
had two dogs at her feet, and the date of this may be assigned to
the close of the fourteenth century. I think that all antiquaries
have cause to thank Archbishop Warham that this interesting
brass has been preserved instead of the plain stone and ' the
epitaphy who is there buried.' "

The palimpsest portion measures 2o|^ inches in height. The
reverse is engraved in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S.
vol. viii. p. 444. It is now fastened down. The Northwode brass

(without the reverse of the palimpsest) is engraved in C. A.
Stothard's Monumental Effigies, p. 50 ; The Cambridge Camden
Society's Illustrations of Monumental Brasses, No. vi. p. 205 ; Rev.
C. Boutell's Monumental Brasses and Slabs, pp. 42, 44 ; Rev. H.
Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. 23 ; J. Hewitt's
Ancient Armour, vol. ii. p. 151 ; Gentleman's Magazine, N.S. vol.
v. pt. ii. (1858) p. 103; Archcsologia Cantiana, vol. ix. p. 149;
W. D. Belcher's Kentish Brasses, pi. 84, No. 170 ; and G. Clinch's
Old English Churches, p. 208.

Penshurst.
Obverse. Inscription, shield of arms, and marginal inscription
with text from Matthew xix., to Margaret, infant daughter of Sir
Henry and Lady Mary Sydney, 1558, aged i| years. A strip of
the marginal inscription measuring 10 inches in length is loose
and is palimpsest. It bears the words :

mt for to ^ucl)e ijs t^c feingtio.

Reverse. A few words of another inscription, c. 1500, as follows :

ut tiq} iuncta : ^ro quit} oreti^ to0.

Most probably more of this marginal inscription is palimpsest.

Rochester, St. Margaret.

Obverse. Half effigy of Thomas Cod, vicar, 1465, vested in
cassock, surplice, amice and cope, the orphrey of the latter orna-
mented with a running pattern of foHage. Height of effigy, 16
inches; size of inscription-plate, 13x19 inches. The figure only
is palimpsest.

Reverse. Another figure of Thomas Cod but vested in cassock,
surplice, almuce and cope, the orphrey of the latter more richly
ornamented with a heart-shaped design alternating with circles
enclosing the words " Ihu — m'cy." This figure may have been
engraved a little earlier as it much resembles one at Fladbury,
Worcestershire, to Thomas Mordon, 1458, but there must have
been some reason for re-engraving and substituting the amice for
the almuce, the latter being generally worn with the cope. Both
sides of the plate are engraved in Boutell's Series of Monumental
Brasses, and in his Christian Monuments, p. 154. The brass has
been restored and a new head added ; it is now inlaid in a copper
plate and hung on the Tower wall.

Shorne.
Obverse. Inscription, now lost, to Edmund Page, Gent., of
Shorne, 1550, who had at the time of his death five sons and two
daughters by Eleanor, his only wife, then living.

^tvt Ipetf) burieti (Elimontic ^ajye late of ^!)orne (Be[nt

to!)icl) DpeH]
'Efie bii liap of ifebruarp in tljt b ^tvt of tl)e Ee^ffne

o[f li^nge (Ktitoarti]
'^ije 0pj;t, auti in tl)C ^ere of o^^ Eortie (Bori ^CCCCCil

«aDn [tol)O0e 0oul ^W]
iiant mnc^, toljo tjati att t!)e tj^me of 1)10 lierljc b 0o[nue0

anti ij]
2Dotoffl)ter0 t^at ^0 to 0a^ %\)oma0, €lm^n\), MLillm

[(BtovQt, Eionell.]
31ol)n anti ^g:ne0 b^ (Elenore ^10 onel^ to^fe t[)en U[t3inQ:].

The words in brackets are supplied from Thorpe's Registnim

Roffense (1769), p. 760, who records
the inscription as then in the Nave,
In the collection of the Society of
Antiquaries is a rubbing of this in-
scription taken by Thomas Fisher in
the early part of the last century, A
portion was then lost, the remaining
piece measuring 17I X 6 inches.

Reverse. The only authority for
the reverse is an engraving, here re-
produced, in the Gentleman's Magazine
for 1801, pt, i, p. 497. From this it
appears that the inscription had been
cut out of a large quadrangular plate
in the upper portion of which was a
figure of Our Lord in Majesty seated
upon a rainbow with a sword point-
ing towards his head. The back-
ground representing the sky is pow-
dered with stars, estoiles, and a
crescent moon. In the foreground,
on a mound or grassy hill, is the
greater portion of a figure in a shroud
with a mutilated scroll above bear-
ing the words quU0Cit lit 0pe. and
below is a shield bearing the arms of
the City of Rochester — Or, on a cross
gu. the letter R of the first, a chief as the
second charged with a lion passant guar-
dant gold. In the right-hand lower

Formerly at Shorne,
Kent.

corner is the kneeling figure of a lady from whose hands proceeds
a scroll inscribed (Et 3IU^lCia tm ^tliubafautme. Above the
lady's head appears the hand of another figure. In the right-
hand top corner is a portion of a shield of arms, the first quarter
of which appears to bear some kind of beast within a bordure
charged with fleur-de-lys. The lower or third quarter has the
appearance of being intended for the arms of Mortimer. This
fragment may be assigned to a date between 1520 and 1530.

SiBERTSWOULD.

Obverse. Inscription, partly in rough black letter and partly
in cursive letters, to Philemon Powndall, 1660. Size of plate
i5i X 4f inches.

^tavt lietlj t^e botip of pi)ilemon

4Bob)ItDilU deceased y^ 13 of March 1660 he was ^^ years
Old when he died : he had one wife, one son and 6 Daughters.

Loose in Vestry.

^%l CQ rr . gefgfge. 6o5y.ofoPg i/em o. j.

Old..w\\inJie,he.a.tit.\\aA.onejvife..one.soii.aiici.lx2)aii^kterS'.-

©rate pro aia Jacobi Bering arixt)
qui ®biif.ii^.^ie 9)cfober 3nno

Palimpsest Inscription, Sibertswould, Kent.

About one-quarter full size

Reverse. Another inscription in late black letter to James
Dering, Esq., 1532.

^vatt pro aia 3Iacobi 2Dering: arm'
qui ^biit \V nie €)ctober anno

Although this plate bears the date 1532, the style of lettering
shows it to have been engraved much later, probably c. 1630.
During the seventeenth century some member of the Bering
family, probably Sir Edward Bering, the antiquary, 1598-1644,
placed in Pluckley church numerous brasses to his ancestors and
this plate may have formed one of the series, being either rejected
for some fault or more probably stolen during the troubles of the
Civil War.

Westerham.

Now lost. Reproduced from a rubbing in the Collection of
the Society of Antiquaries dated 1850.

Obverse. A group of six daughters, c. 1520. Size of plate,
5x5 inches. John Thorpe in his Registrum Roffense, p. 1029,
mentions the slab of Richard Hayward, 1529, then " in the cross
isle at the west end," as containing the figures of six daughters,
which may be the group under consideration.

Formerly at Westerham, Kent.

About one-third full size.

Reverse. A portion of a quadrangular plate, the background
diapered with lozenges or quatrefoils, bearing the upper portion
of the head of a man with long hair and a scroll bearing the
words:

^mcm quegfo tame qmti0 intiiffne benig:(ite)
(tt 0tmv 0'tu me rege birjo tubm.

A portion of another scroll appears in the top left-hand
corner. The plate is apparently of English workmanship, c. 1500.

II.

Obverse. Inscription, i6| x 6 inches, to Richard Potter,
Esq., late of Westerham, his three wives, Elizabeth, Anne,
Alice, and his twenty children, whereof he left three sons and
ten daughters living at the time of his death in 1563.

Eicliarli potter late of ?Laie0tra (Egfquiec burieti liere
l^ati bp 1)10 Hi "toint^ (Elijabetl). Sint. anu aiice. xx,
Cbiluren, toljereof ^e leffte aliue at Ijief neat^e t^e iiiitii of
a^ape. 1563. ill. »)onne0 anti. x. 2Daug:^ter0.

91 gflepe in tiugfte, bntill tlje morning.

Come Eortie 31e0U0. come quicklpe.

* comrlariirlfflii^'roTiinimrMge'.

Palimpsest Inscription, Westerham, Kent.

About one-quarter full size.

Reverse. This inscription is cut out of a portion of a large
Flemish brass of late date, apparently only a few years earlier
than the inscription itself. It consists of a portion of a richly
ornamented column standing upon a square base, on the front
panel of which is suspended a shield of arms bearing Quarterly
1. and IV. Quarterly . . and . . , in the first and fourth an estoile
. . , in the second and third an annulet. II. and III. Chevronny of
four pieces . . . and .... At the side of the column is a portion
of the leg of some animal.

This plate is now on the wall of the South Aisle under the
figure of John Stacy, but the palimpsest portion cannot be
seen. There is a rubbing in the collection of the Society of
Antiquaries.

III.

A group of seven sons, 5f x 6^ inches, belonging to the brass
of William Myddilton and wives Elizabeth and Dorothy, 1557,
is said to be palimpsest, and to have on the reverse a portion of
an inscription, but the writer has been unable to verify this.

Most of the brasses at Westerham have been relaid and hope-
lessly mixed up. These sons are now attached to the figure of
John Stacy, 1536, and under the figure of John Stacy is the
inscription to Richard Potter, 1563.

LANCASHIRE.

Manchester Cathedral.

Obverse. A man in armour and wife, c. 1540, nearly effaced,
inscription lost. Now on a board in the Chapter Room. Probably
Sir Alexander Radclyffe, of Ordsall, 1 548, and wife Alice, daughter
of Sir John Boothe, of Barton. There is an engraving, mostly
conjectural, of this brass in the Transactions of the Lancashire and
Cheshire Antiquarian Society, vol. ix. p. 97. The female figure is
alone palimpsest.

Reverse. The greater portion of another figure of a lady, c.
1450, but also in bad condition. Engravings of the obverse and
reverse of this figure may be found in the Palatine Note Book, vol.
iv. (1884) p. 77.

m
til

lli

tii

f§l

o §

a,
U

PL,

LEICESTERSHIRE.

Great Bowden.

Obverse. Inscription, 17x5 inches, to William Wolstonton,
rector, 1403. This inscription was removed from the chancel
floor in 1886 previous to a restoration and was then found to be
palimpsest. It was unfortunately broken during removal.

H^ic iactt mnffigft' Mlill0 dtlloleftontou qnnm
Eector im' tttWc qui oliiit tiltimo tiic menjs'
^UQimi a' nni '^.€€€€° iiV cut* aleppiclet' ti0.

Reverse. A portion of a small Flemish brass, c. 1350 (?),
containing the figure of a civilian under an arched canopy with
super canopy above. The figure has long curly hair, beard and
moustaches, and wears a close-fitting tunic buttoned down the front
with tight sleeves buttoned from the elbows to the wrists. Long
liripipes or lappets hang from the elbows, and the waist is
encircled by a narrow girdle. Over the shoulders is a hood or
cape with a serrated edge ; the legs are clothed in tight hose and
the feet in pointed shoes. Below the feet is a small dog. The
whole of the background is filled in with a diaper of foliage. The
continuation of the canopy work shows that originally there
was another figure on the right-hand side, probably that of his
wife. A small Flemish brass of somewhat similar character is
preserved in the Archaeological Museum at Ghent. This speci-
men, measuring 15I x ii| inches, contains the figures of a
civilian and wife, c. 1400 (?), under canopies, but the inscription
has been defaced. It is curious to note that this brass is also
palimpsest, having at a subsequent date been converted into an
inscription.^ In the Oxford Portfolio for June, igoi, Mr. Scott-
Hall figures yet another similar palimpsest plate, also preserved
in the Ghent Museum. This plate bears on the obverse an
inscription dated 1604, and on the reverse the figures of a civilian
and a priest under canopy work with a mutilated inscription
bearing the date 1368. It measures about 28 X 18 inches.

Another small plate is preserved in the chapel of the Lady
Superior of the Beguinage at Bruges, and of which there is a
plaster cast in the Museum of Antiquities in the Belfry. It
measures 17 x 10 inches and commemorates Griel Van Ruwes-

' For this information and for a rubbing of the Ghent brass the writer is
indebted to the Rev. W. E. Scott-Hall, of Oxford.

cuere, who died in 1410, but the plate seems to have been en-
graved earlier as the date is an addition.^ The curious little
brass at Aveley, Essex, to Ralph de Knevynton, 1370, also
belongs to the same type.''

Both sides of the Great Bowden brass are engraved in the
Transactions of the Leicestershire Architectural and Archceological
Society, vol. vi. p. 223. From the will of William de Wolstonton,
printed at p. 224, it appears that he left instructions for "one
marble stone to be bought for 300 shillings to be set over my
grave, and that it be ordered and arranged in such form and
manner as my executors know that I have appointed."

Loughborough.

In the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. iii.
p. 205, under date December 21, 1865, it is recorded that John
Gough Nichols, Esq., F.S.A., exhibited a monumental brass
plate from Loughborough Church, Leicestershire, respecting
which he communicated the following notes :

" The church of Loughborough is one of those very large
ecclesiastical structures of which so many have been recently
restored under the judicious care of Mr. George Gilbert Scott,
F.S.A. In these restorations it is too often the case that, whilst
great zeal is shown for architectural renovation, the ancient
monuments and sepulchral memorials suffer from neglect and
removal. There were a few relics of such memorials in brass
plate in Loughborough Church which have not hitherto been
replaced ; but I trust they still will be, as they are at present,
preserved in a box in the vestry. One of these I have by per-
mission of the Ven. Archdeacon Fearon, the rector of Lough-
borough, brought to London, and beg to exhibit it this evening.
It has an inscription on both sides, and each of them of some
curiosity. The inscription which was exposed to view is nearly
destroyed by friction from feet, and it was much in the same
condition seventy-five years ago when it was drawn by Mr.
Schnebbelie for my grandfather, and engraved (first) in his

' Engraved in the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monumental Brasses on the Continent
of Europe, p. 24.

- Engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. Waller's Series of Monumental Brasses.

Leicestershire Collection.^ I have now, with the assistance of
my friend, Mr. Charles Spence, removed some cement with
which it was partly encrusted, and have succeeded in decipher-
ing somewhat more than one half of it."

'' Cl)i0 rr M^ of 31anuar^ in ^t ^ere of oure Hot^t one

^.€€€€ anti rlj tl)e

trutot^e to recorne ann garget \\i& toife untiec tl)ief 0ton

graben 0onne ^atv^ to name

late fi0cl)mong:er of Eontion fpntiinge a pceegft ful pre0t

l)ir ^ere tia^ in tl)i£f cl)irclje (Bon gete tl)eir jsfotilis

goolie regfte.

" In the history of Leicestershire the first words were read,
* Here lyeth Giles Jordan,' evidently because it was presumed,
and probably correctly, that this was the same memorial thus
noticed by Burton in his description of Leicestershire, ' On the
tombe of Giles Jordan and Margaret his wife ; which Giles dyed
1415, Quarterly, Argent, three mullets gules; and sable, a chev-
ron or between three garbs argent.' The costume of the figures
seems scarcely so early as 1415. Indeed it will be remarked how
closely it resembles the attire of another townsman of Lough-
borough and his wife (engraved in the same plate, and now
exhibited) which are dated 1480. I am inclined to believe the
date is really 1441." The name of Giles Jordan was, we may
presume, legible in Burton's time.

" On the reverse side of this plate, since it has been raised
from the stone in which it was embedded, has been found, cut in
bolder and still perfect letters, an epitaph in the following
words :

'' €)rate p a'lab} cElijabetlj %i0k nuo filie 3|ol)i0 Cerff
uni' Ecmemorator' tie ^ceio Eegi^ l^erici sent

;2Dtueli0 HiQk filii | goljiie filie tice Cli^abetlj qi obierilt
t'mino 0ci l^illarii ^nno ^Vii° timrjnn litQis

" This inscription is very singular in its giving the date of the
■death of the parties, not by the year of our Lord, the month or
•day, but by the year of the King's reign, and the term of St.

' History of Leicestershire, by John Nichols,, vol. iii. pi. cxxii. fig. 3, p. 901 ;
also in Bibliotheca Topographica Brilannica, vol. viii. pi. ixix. fig. i, p. 1380.

'^ In the Transactions of the Leicestershire Architectural and Archaological
Society, vol. v. p. 299, the Rev. W. G. Dimock Fletcher gives the date as 1445.

Hilary. The mother and her two children are all three stated to
have died in Hilary term in the 17th year of King Henry the
Sixth, that is, in 1438. Her father, who was Remembrancer of
the King's Exchequer, may have fancied the legal form of dating
as peculiarly appropriate to members of his family. That three
of them should have died at nearly the same time may probably
be attributed to the prevalence of the plague or some other serious
epidemic disease. It is, however, possible that there may have
been some error in this date which led to the plate being cancelled
and used for another memorial. One further observation may be
made upon this date, namely, that the year occurring upon this
the earlier inscribed surface of the brass, shows that, as before
suggested, 1415 is too early for the other side, which we would
rather assign to 1441. The occurrence of Otuel as a christian
name at this period should also not be passed without observa-
tion."

This plate, measuring 31x2! inches, is now fastened to the
south wall of the Tower, together with the mutilated figures of
Giles and Margaret Jordan.

LINCOLNSHIRE.

Boston.

Obverse. A much mutilated and worn figure of a lady, c. 1460.
The head, feet, and a greater portion of the left side lost. She
wears a high-waisted gown, encircled by a narrow ornamental
girdle, and having close-fitting sleeves with small turned-back
cuffs. Height of effigy in its present condition, 19I inches.

Paumpsest Figure, Boston, Linos.

About one-sixth full size.

Reverse. A portion of tlie upper part of a large figure of a
widow, c. 1390, showing the barbe and veil, the hands and fore-

arms, the sleeves of the kirtle with their numerous buttons, the
gown with close-fitting sleeves, and the cord for fastening the
mantle.

Loose in the library over the porch in 1894.

GUNBY.

A knight and lady of the Massyngberd family, c. 1405, both
with SS. collars, double canopy, the side shafts lost, five shields,
of which two only remain, and a marginal inscription, now much
mutilated.

In 1552 the brass was appropriated as the memorial to Sir
Thomas Massyngberde, who died in that year, and his wife Joan,
a daughter of John Braytoft. To accomplish this the marginal
inscription, which was originally in incised letters, was cut down
and replaced by one in raised letters. Traces of the earlier
inscription are still visible between the words of the later
inscription.

The brass, which is on the floor of the Nave, is engraved in
the Rev. C. Boutell's Series of Monumental Brasses, and in the
Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pi. xxi.

HORNCASTLE.

Sir Lionel Dymoke, 1519, in armour, kneeling, with scroll
from hands, two sons (now lost), and three daughters; Holy
Trinity lost, in the casement is now painted a coat-of-arms ; three
shields and an inscription. On the wall at the East end of the
North Aisle. Engraved in G. Weir's Horncastle, ist Edition
(1820), p. 30, and 2nd Edition (1822), p. 27, and the Rev. S.
Lodge's Scrivelsby, the Home of the Champions, p. 53.

The lower portion of the plate bearing the sons, i\ x 3f
inches, was palimpsest, having on the reverse a fragment of a
Flemish inscription with three letters on a curved scrolE
between diaper work of vine leaves and bunches of grapes,
c. 1370. A rubbing of this fragment is in the Collection of the
Society of Antiquaries.

According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental
Brasses, pt. ii. p. 118, there is on the reverse of one of the shields
of arms "a figure playing a violin, Flemish." The writer has
been unable to see any rubbing of this or to obtain any further
details.

95
Laughton.

A knight in armour, probably of the Dalison family, c. 1400,
under triple canopy. Appropriated by the insertion of a new
foot inscription as a memorial to William Dalison, Esq., Sheriff,
Escheator, and Justice of the Peace and Quorum for the County
of Lincoln, who died in 1546, and his son and heir George
Dalison, who died in 1549.

The brass, which is on a high tomb at the East end of the
South Aisle, is engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's Series of Monu-
mental Brasses; the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Montimental
Brasses, Introd., p. clxi. ; J. Hewitt's Ancient Armour, vol. ii.
p. 185 (eff.) ; Gentleman's Magazine, N.S. vol. v. pt. ii. (1858),
p. 223 (eff.) ; and Audsley's Dictionary of Architecture, p. 252.

Lincoln, St. Mary-le-Wigford.
L

Obverse. A small cross standing on two steps, the lower
inscribed with word QYtiZ, and an inscription to William Horn,
formerly mayor of Lincoln, 1469. The cross is y^ inches m
height, and the inscription- plate measures 24^ x 4 inches.

I^ic 3|acet Mlilljs l)orit quontia maior ci'tnt' Eincoln
q« obiit rif tiie marcu a° tirii 9^''€€€€° Irir cut'
ale ppiet' I10.

The engraver seems to have miscalculated his space and hit
upon the ingenious idea of placing the last word of the inscription
on the lower step of the cross.

Reverse. The authority for this is the Proceedings of the Society
of Antiquaries, 2 S. vol. v. p. 473, when, on March 20th, 1873,
Mr. Edward Peacock, F.S.A., exhibited three rubbings of
palimpsest brasses found under the floor of this church in 1871.
Mr. Peacock says that on the back of the inscription to William
Horn is " part of a canopy with the figures of St. Simon and St.
James the Greater, as may be conjectured from the symbols of a
saw and a shell, which they respectively bear." On the back of
the cross, or on the steps supporting it, is "a merchant's mark,"
but Mr. Peacock gives no description of it, and the rubbings can-
not now be found.

The brass is now fastened to the North Pier of the Tower
Arch, so that the palimpsest portions cannot be seen.

II.

Obverse. Inscription to John Jobsun, fishmonger and sheriff
of Lincoln, 1525. Size of plate, 13 x 3 inches.

I^ic mn 3OP0 31ob!Sfu ff^djmono:er olim
ticicomeiEf ciuitat' lincolnie qui obiit iiij°
W gulii ^° mi W <^<^<L<L€,° %%V tni'
ale ^^^iiin' W amen

Following the last word is a representation of an axe and
knife.

Reverse. Authority as No, I. An inscription " only partially
legible."

Now fastened to the West wall of the South Aisle.

Norton Disney.

Obverse. A curious quadrangular plate, 35 x 23 inches, un-
dated, but probably engraved between the years 1570 and 1580.
It commemorates two members of the Disney family : William
Disney, Esq., who died in 1540, and his wife Margaret Joiner,
and their eldest son Richard, who died in 1578, and his two
wives, Nele Hussey and Jane Ayscough. The plate is divided
into five compartments, the upper containing a triangular pedi-
ment enclosing a shield charged with the arms and quarterings
of Disney impaling Joiner. On the dexter side of the pediment
is the crest of Disney, a lion statant guardant, and on the sinister
that of HussEY, a hind lodged under an oak tree, gorged and chained.
The second compartment contains the half-effigies, kneeling at a
desk, of William Disney, Esq., in armour with helmet, and his
wife Margaret Joiner. Between them is a scroll bearing the
words Sufferance tlOtlj dEagfe, and behind the father are
the half-effigies of four sons in civil dress with their names,

Eicljart), William, ^\ioma0, iprance^, on scrolls; behind

the mother are five daughters, also half-effigies, with their names,

<ann, ^ax^, S^argaret. I^ateren, Briget. on scrolls.

Under the centre figures is inscribed :

acllillm 2Di0nep cEgfquier, Sl^arpret gjoiner.

The third compartment contains three shields of arms, the
centre bearing the arms and quarterings of Disney, the dexter
those of HussEY, and the sinister those of Ayscough. In the
fourth compartment are the half-effigies of Richard Disney, full-

face, in armour with helmet, and his two wives, Nele Hussey
and Jane Ayscough, slightly turned towards him. Behind the
first wife, Nele Hussey, are the half-effigies of seven sons in civil
dress (the portion of the plate, 5| x 2 inches, bearing their
names has been cut out) and five daughters, ^CllM, (£-0ttt,
JUtietlj, 31Utl^l)» anti »)USfan. The plate behind the second
wife is blank. Below is the following inscription :

ijjclc nauffljter of ^^ ^lillm ^usfo^ I^nj^ffljt (Eicl)arli
3Di0nfj,') Jianm tiaug:ljt of ^"^ MLilim ^p^coufflje. I^.

The fifth compartment is occupied by the following inscrip-
tion :

"(Ilje l^'fe, conber0acion, anti <seniice. of tljc first afaoue

namcti (Icllillm ^ime^
iinti of EicIjartJ 2Di0nep Ijigf Sonne tocrc comeutiablf

iintouffest tbev neig:=
boars trebje anti fatljcfull to tijrr prmcc aix^ clntc $

acceptable to fcirijall^
niig:l)t[' of vuljome toe trust tlje^ are recebeb to valuation

accorbinffe to tlje
0tebfast fa^'tlje toljiclj tljej^' Ijab in i tljroufflje tlje merc^

anb memt' of Cljrist o"^
saiiior 'oTljes trutljes ar tljus 0ttt fortlje tijat in all

aties (Bob ma^ be tijankfiillj'
rjlorifieb, for tljes anb suclje l^^ke Ijis gracilis benifites,

Revevse. A long Dutch or Flemish inscription in black letter
recording the foundation, in 1518, of a mass at the altar of St.
Cornelius, by Adrian Adrianson and the lady Paesschine van den
Steyne.

[In] t Jaer duizst vijfhondert eh xviij opten xxix dach [in]
decembri Soe hebben adriaen adriaensz ende Joncvrauwe
paesschine van den steijne ghefond [eert binnen] desz ke [rcke o] p
sincte Cornells ouctaer Eene ee [uwige mi] sse dae [chs] de
welcke de kercklTTrs anghenomen [hebbe] n te doen doene en
tonderhoudene. Te beghinnene de voersz misse altijt nader
clock sclach van thien wren daer den priester vooren hebben
zal vij poont gz vlaems tsiaers jn vier termine den coster die ter
voersz misse luden sal de groote scelle v sz gz tsiaers op sincte

aechte
dach alsmen huer beijder jaergetijde doet oft des ander

daechs daer na jndien zij op eenen sondach comt ende op
ghennen dach anders. Soe zullen de voorn kerckmrs of de

be [sitters] [t] sauens ter vigelie en tsmerghens ter

misse
do [en bringhen op] t gracht pelle en saerge ende daer op doen
stellen viij bernende stallichten van wasse Ende de vier
kerckmrs de iij heleghegheestmrs en deke en beleeders huijsvrz
van sinte Cornelis ouctaer zullen come zitten ten graue ter
vijgelie va ix lessen en ter misse van requiem die der voorn
bezitters doen singhen zuUe mette voile chore met andoenders
eh prouider leuereh daer toe dat oflferliecht daer de voile
choer de kerckms helegegheestmrs deken eh baleeders vande
lakensniders huere huijsvrauwe de prister bezitter van deser
misse coster costrissen ende de bodel mede zullen gae offeren
singhende onder de offererande de Sequentie dies ire dies ilia &c
daer vooren de voorn bezitters tgoets ghehouden zuUe zijn te
betalen jnde vigelie den deke iiij gz elck canonick vicepastoer
coraelmeester ij gz elcken capelaen ende mercenarius j gz ende
elck chorael xij 1' Ende des anderdaechs jnde misse diesgelijke
wel verstaende zoe enzal niement van hem luden hierafgaud'
dan die pht zijn va beghinsel vaden dienst tottem eijnde. Noch
[z] ullen zij betalen den prister die de misse voersz singhen zal

vj gj
[die a] ndoenders elc xij gz die prouidierder ij gz de coster ij gz

di [e]
[costri] ssen tsamen vj gz voor tdecken en de kaersen tontstek [en]

The letters and words in brackets are conjectural, as the brass
is damaged in places. The following translation is based upon
various versions printed in R. Gough's Sepulchral Monmnents,
vol. i. pt. i., Appendix, p. cxcvii. ; the Rev. G. E, Jean's List
of Sepulchral Brasses in Lincolnshire, p. 48; the Rev. G. Roberts'
Parish Memorials relating to Norton Disney ; and the Transactions
of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. pp. 222, 301 :

" In the year 1518, on the 29th day of December, thus have
Adrian Adrianson and Lady Paesschine van den Steyne founded
within this church upon the altar of St. Cornelius one daily
perpetual mass, which the churchwardens have undertaken to
have celebrated and continued. The said mass to begin always
after the stroke of ten, the priest to have seven pounds grooten
Flemish yearly in four terms. The sexton, who for the said
mass shall ring the great bell, five shillings grooten yearly on
St. Agatha's day when the anniversary of the two is celebrated,

or on the day thereafter if it fall on a Sunday and on no other
day. So shall the aforesaid churchwardens or the trustees. . . .
in the evening at the vigil and in the morning at the mass
cause to be placed on the grave the pall and serge and eight
burning candles of wax, and the four churchwardens, the three
Holy Ghost masters, and the dean, and the wife of the director
of St. Cornelius' altar shall come and sit at the grave at the
vigil of the nine lessons and at the mass of requiem which the
before-named trustees shall cause to be sung with full choir,
with shrouders and providers supplying the oblation light, where
the full choir, the churchwardens. Holy Ghost masters, dean,
and directors of the clothcutters, their wives, the priest trustee
of this mass, sexton, sextonesses, and the beadle shall offer
singing during the offering of the sequence Dies irae, Dies
ilia, &c. For which the aforesaid trustees shall pay, in the
vigil, to the dean four groats, to each canon, vice pastor, and
choirmaster two groats, to each chaplain and mercenary one

groat, and to each chorister twelve (?) and on the next day

in the mass the like, it being well understood that none of these
people shall profit hereof except those present from the begin-
ning to the end of the service. Moreover they shall pay the
priest singing the aforesaid mass six groats, the shrouders each
twelve groats, the providers two groats, the sexton two groats,
the sextonesses together six groats for the covering and lighting
the candles."

Another nine lines of this, or of a similar inscription, forms
the reverse of the inscription to John Dauntesay, 1559 (but query
engraved later), at West Lavington, Wiltshire.^ From this it
appears that the name of the church was " Westmonstre,"
which has been identified- as that of St. Martin, or Westmonster,
formerly existing in the city of Middleburgh, in Walcheren, in
the province of Zeeland. This church seems to have been
completely destroyed in 1575."^ The West Lavington fragment
also records the penalty for any breach of the agreement, the
property in such case to lapse to the guild of the altar of St.
Cornelius with the same charge as set out in the foundation,
one light to go to the churchwardens, &c., and one amongst the
friends of Adrian Adrianson, and one amongst the friends of
the lady Paesschine.

' See Archceological Jountal, vol. iv. p. 362, and E. Kite's Monumental
Brasses of Wiltshire, p. 56.

^ ArchiEological Joitrual, vol. v. p. i6o.
' Ibid.

lOO

The Norton Disney plate is now in a hinged frame on the
north wall of the Chancel. The obverse side is engraved in
R. Gough's Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain, vol. i. Introd.,
pi. cxxii, p, cxxii,, and both sides in the Oxford Portfolio of
Monumental Brasses, pt. v. pi. iv.

MIDDLESEX.

Cranford.

Obverse. Inscription to Nicholas, son of Thomas, and brother
to Mardocheus Bownell, parson of this church, 1581. Size of
plate, 165 X 3I inches.

^ett untiec l^etlj tljc boti^c of i^icolag Botunell late
tlje jsonne of ^ljomne> Botoncll an\i farotljcr to ^actios
clim0 Botunell pardon of tl)i0 rljiirclj toljo ticce00eri
tt)e rbitfj M^t of »>eptcmber I58l

Reverse. Four lines of a fifteenth century inscription, the top
and bottom lines bisected.

Cortiigf (?) atroi* (?)

Bellua pa00oru non imtt tiolor obitn \)uim
^ic constant qui parte 0rneu tiampnief laceratuef
ab grauiorib? quieuit (?) plciussimuo eiio (?)

Now fastened on a hinge.

*o^

Harlington.

Obverse. Effigies of Gregory Lovell, Esq., lord of the manor
and patron of the church, 1545, aged 56, in armour, and wife
Anne, daughter of David Bellingham, Esq., inscription (now
lost), and four shields of arms. A small figure of a daughter is
also lost. The male effigy measures i8j inches in height, the
female 17^ inches, the inscription-plate 24I x 5^ inches, and
the shields 6| x 5J inches. The upper part of the lady's figure
is engraved in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses,
Introd., p. ccxlv.

The inscription, which has disappeared within recent years,
read thus :

i^ere Ipet^ d^uegor? Houell C0qu^er late lortie of tfjigf

'ciLotoixe of i^acl??itffto
anti patotii of tlji0 Cljutclje anb ^mte lji0 to^ffe

2DotDffI)ter to iabj^tlj 15tU

lOI

I|nio:{)m (t^qn^n toljo bcttornc tljcm Ijati 31^^"^^ "^^^

Dotoffljtcr before tije etU'l>
(Bregor^' Deee00|^ti f toljielje d^repn' Deutpti tljio tooi'ltie

to^oiit Ijeire of Ijis lioti^'
tl)e rrijti) nap of €)etolier in tlje Ibi pere of Ijio ^gf in^ti

in tlje j^ere of our lortie
tieoti a^"CCCCC°iH3 idiJl^CiR

In the last line the clause containing the prayers for tlie soul
of the deceased has been erased.

The shields, now inaccurately arranged, bear the following
arms :

A. Upper Dexter. (Arg.) a bugle horn (sa.), styinged (or)
Bellingham, quartering (Arg.), three bendlets (gu.), on a canton (of
the second) a lion passant [as the first). Burneshead, with a crescent
in fess point for difference.

This shield should be on the lower dexter, i.e., under the
man's feet. An old rubbing shows the original shield to have
been lost. It no doubt bore Lovell quartering Cornwall.

B. Upper Sinister. Quarterly I. and IV. {gti-), three bars
nebnly {or) a canton ermine. Lovell II. and III. {Arg.), a lion ram-
pant {gn.), crowned {or) debrnised by a bend {sa.) charged with six bezants.
Cornwall (?) impaling Bellingham quartering Burneshead as
above.

This shield is in its original position.

C. Lower Dexter. Similar to B. This shield was origin-
ally the sinister shield on the back of the tomb. Shield A
should be here.

D. Lower Sinister. Lovell quartering Cornwall. This
shield is in its original position.

Traces of colour still remain in some of the shields. So far
as at present known three of the shields are palimpsest, as was
also the inscription. The effigies and shield B have never been
loose, but are probably also palimpsest.

Reverse. The inscription was made up of two pieces, the
smaller, about 3 inches in width, apparently a portion of a
hgure of a civilian, c. 1500-20, but the rubbing in the possession
of the writer is very indistinct. The larger piece is a nearly
perfect inscription, about 21 inches in length, to George Barlee,
son of William Barlee, Esq., " which'e George whyle he lyved

vowed hymself to John Jer(usa)l(e)m in Ingland," and

died in 1513.

102

H^Btt Ipetl) (BtovQt Baiiee tl)e 0ont cf ^lillm BarUe

of t{)

jEfquper tol)icljc ffeorge tol)^Ie lie Ipbeti tjotoeti !jpm0elf to

fi^^[?nt] 3Iol)n 3|erlm in 3Ii^ffiiii'i^ ^i^^ f)^ Decegfsfeti tljc

xiiii ti

t[)e pere of our lorn plj 9^^F'^riij on tol)O0e jsoules

lliu

Shield A is made up of two pieces ; the smaller, forming the
base of the shield, is a fragment of the lower portion of a small
figure in civil dress, probably a boy from a group of sons,
c. 1500-20. The larger piece is the end of an inscription, of
about the same date ; the top line is illegible, then there is a
wide space followed by two more lines.

Ijaue m'c^

.... 0t' $ a ate

the last few words being no doubt " paternoster and an ave."

Shield C is known to be palimpsest, but cannot now be
examined, as the new serpentine altar-rails have been built
against it, so that despite its hinges it is now a permanent
fixture. The writer has been unable to see any rubbing of
the reverse, and would be grateful for any information.

Shield D is also made up of two fragments : the smaller
piece, forming the base of the shield, is a portion of a figure,
and looks very much like the collar and partlet of a lady, or
possibly the girdle surrounding her waist. It appears to be
little earlier than the obverse side, and is much obscured by
solder. The larger piece shows a few words of an English
inscription, c. 1500-20, thus:

.... to t\)c mo0t ....
.... molicr of tlje ....
.... 00eti tljc ln0t ....

The brass in its original slab is now let into the South wall
of the Chancel, the shields on hinges. It was formerly on a
high tomb on the North side of the Chancel, " under an obtuse
arch ornamented with quatrefoils and foliage."^ An old rubbing

' D. Lysons' Middlesex Parishes^ p. 129.

I03

in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries shows not only
a portion of the figure of the daughter, but also two shields
and another mutilated inscription from the back of the tomb.

Harrow.

Obverse. Two plates, slightly mutilated, one containing the
commemorative inscription and the other ten English verses,
to Dorothy, daughter of William Bellamy, Esq., of Uxenden,
in the parish of Harrow-on-the-Hill, and wife of Anthony
Frankishe, Gent., of Water Stratford, Bucks, 1574. Size of
inscription-plate, 18^ X 8i inches, of verse plate, 19I x 9 inches.

^nt l^n\i burden p faoti?' of [2Dorotlj]^e late to^fc of

ianton^
ffi-aiikj^0lje of (L(llatei:0trotforU in tlje Coimt^e of Buck*
d^cnt' ann tiotocyljter of (LcLUUinni 3e\lam^ of cLUentitn in
tl)c pniT^'0lje of l^arroto bpou tlje IjjjU in tlje Countj^f
of ^pD' (Efifquper anti I^atljcrpit l)i0 to^^fc toljiclj ^iiton^'
anti 2Dorotl)pe IjaU imc brttoenc tljem one 0onne anti
fotore tiotoffiJtft*0 bij. (15erratt ffrnnkp^Ije. 3Ione. 9^arp.
ffCQunces anti 31one. an'n tlje 0aj'ti 2Dorotl)[^e tiin nepart
out of tlji0 toorlti tlje uutt; tiaj^ of auo:u0t Si^ 1574

l^ere 2Dorot^^e ffrank^0l)e l^^etl), toljo0 mortall l^mta av

lieati.
But to enioj^'e imortal re0t, Ijee 0oule to Ijetjen ^0 fleaUti.
(Icai)ple0 l^tt ti^ti la0t. 0l)e b3a0 a pateene of gooti l^>fe
SDeboute to pn, gootJ to tlje poore, a clja0t anti peefet

topfe
ffor cbri0t lji0 cro00e 0lje calti, ao:apn0t tlje pang' of

lieat^
ioljiclj 0lje toitlj mj^niD * ^ic beljelD, untj^ll Ijee later breatlj
idnti 00 QdXit up Ijec p0t, to pti toljiclj l^'fe liiti lenti
l^ljo for Ijer poti anD toortlj^ l^^fe, pbe Ijer a Ijapppe enti
[aijtljobjfflj ^^ tieatl) totij tj;7nt of Dart Ijatlj brotogljt Ijer

corp' a0leape
['(ITlje] eternall pt>, Ijer eternall 0oule. eternall^'e tiotlj

kepe.

104

Reverse. The inscri

Harrow, Middlesex.

About one-quarter full size.

ption-plate is cut out of a Flemish brass,
c. 1370, showing a por-
tion of canopy work with
the small figure of a man
in tunic, hood and mantle,
holding a book in his
right hand, possibly in-
tended to represent one
of the prophets. Below
is a smaller seated figure
of a weeper with a long
liripipe attached to his
hood. Along the edge
are the following words
of a marginal inscrip-
tion :

31nt + 31iin- + 0110
+ Ijeren

enclosed by a narrow
border ornamented with
dots, roses, and quatre-
foils. A small strip of
plain brass has been
soldered on to the right-
hand corner, as the plate
proved too small for the
later inscription.

The plate bearing the verses is also cut out of another very fine
Flemish brass, c. 1360. It bears a portion of the head, neck,
shoulders, and hands of a lady, her head reposing on a cushion
supported by angels and richly diapered with birds and foliage.
Her wimple and mantle are plain, but her robe is ornamented
with a rich diaper of foliage enclosing lions' heads and winged
monsters. A narrow fillet enriched with roses and quatrefoils
runs between the figure and the side shaft of the canopy. In
a niche in the side shaft is the greater portion of a small figure
of St. Paul, with sword and book, and beyond this is the
marginal inscription, of which only the numeral X'Q appears. A
small quatrefoil encloses a shield charged with three stags at
speed.

I05

Harrow, Middlksex.

About one-quarter full size.

The two plates are now framed and hang on the wall of
the South Aisle.

The palimpsest portions are engraved in J. G. and L. A. B.
Waller's Series of Monumental Brasses, Introd. p. x. ; Transactions
of the London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, vol. i. pp. 272,
273 ; ^ Transactions St. Paul's Ecclesiological Society, vol. iv. p. 232
(canopy piece only) ; and both sides of the plates in S. Gardiner's
Architectural History of Harrow Church, pis. xxxvii., xxxviii.

ISLEWORTH.
• I.

Obverse. Inscription to William Chase, Esq., serjeant to
King Henry VIII., and of his most honourable household of his
hall and woodyard, 1544. Size of plate, ig| x S\ inches.

^i ^r cljai^te pca^ for tlje »)OUle of Mlillm Cljnefr

suqnnc efcrffcaunt to kj^no: \)t\\x^ tlje \iin $ of Ij^'cf mo0t

Ijonorable
l)oto0eljolt) of \)^^ Ijnll $ toooti['crt) toljidj tiece00etJ tljr tiiii

Dap
of 9^a['c vw tlje per of ourc lortic floti Sl^iCCCCC aixti

rliii)
of tDl)O0 0oule $ all txiQi)>\\ ^oule^ ilju Ijaite xmu^ amen.

' From which the accompanying illustralions are, \y permission of the Society,
reproduced on a reduced scale.

io6

tfsM^lrtrj?m#tte«iraWiepM«|fl)r^^^

IsLEWORTH, Middlesex.

About one-fifth full size

Reverse. A portion of the side shaft of the canopy of a fine
Flemish brass c. 1350-60, with the figure of an apostle under
rich canopy work. The name of the apostle is unfortunately
wanting, and there is some doubt as to his identity, for in his left
hand he holds a club, the emblem usually assigned to either St.
James the Less or St. Jude, whilst with his right hand he
supports a large open book or tablet inscribed with the words
remijar0ionem peCCatOrum, the clause from the Apostles' Creed
usually given to St. Simon, whose emblem is most frequently a
saw or one or two fishes.

At the top of the plate is the name ^^^^Bi^^^^^if)*
XaElJS."!E"j©-, in late Lombardic characters, but this refers to
the apostle whose figure was in the corresponding niche above.

When the brasses were relaid some years ago the Chase
inscription was placed under the figure of a man in armour,
c. 1450. It is at the East end of the Nave, but was loose in its
casement in 1902.

II.

Obverse. Inscription to Fraunces, daughter of Edward Holland,
Esq., of Denton in the county of Lancaster, and servant to the

107

Lady Margaret, Countess of Derby, 1575. The last two figures
of the date are broken away, but the register records her burial
on March 29th, 1575, as " Frances Holland, gentlewoman to the
Countess Darby." Size of plate, 16x6 inches. Relaid under
the figure of a civilian, c. 1590, at the East end of the Nave.

Ijcrc lietlj burieti unticu tljie ap^niion of anms
yi^i0tris ffraunc' ll^ollanti one of tljc tjnuffijtcre of
Ctitoartic il^ollanti of 2Dcnton in tljr Countic of XmW'
ka0trr (£0quier: m"^ ecrbant unto t^^t rijljt l)ono=
table tlje \Mz ^^arpret Coiintesse of 3Derbie toljo
tii00ea0eti tlje rrbiitb liiu?e of ^arelje ^^ tini 15175 1.

luirr ^lipfe-fttiir ftfTiiant&tto K)rr|^|oiuJ'^

'^^It^M^^I^D^X^X^il^^Mi^^Yi^^SMi^

W/tiiiniiniini/iiiiiininiiiininmiiiiiiiniiiiiiuiiiiiiniiniinminiiiiuniiiiinnimi

ISLEWORTH, MlDDLESKX.
About one-quarter full size.

Reverse. A fragment of the upper left-hand corner of a large
Flemish brass, of late fifteenth or early sixteenth century work,
showing a portion of a shield with a field fretty charged with
eagles displayed, and a small portion of the mantling above,

io8

also a large pomegranate in the corner and pieces of the
ornamental border surrounding the whole. At Erith, Kent,
forming the reverse of the inscription to Anne Harman, 1574/
is another fragment of this Flemish brass, also showing part of
a shield with eagles displayed on a fretty ground with mantling,
&c., but cut from the right-hand side of the plate, as is proved
by the position of the eagles in the shield and the shading in
the broadest line of the ornamental border, which in the Erith
example runs in from the inner and in the Isleworth from the
outer side of the plate.

The Isleworth palimpsest is now fastened down. It is here
reproduced from a rubbing in the collection of the Society of
Antiquaries.

Littleton.

Inscription to the Lady Blanche Vaughan, sometime wife
of Sir Hugh Vaughan, " who lyeth buryed at Westmynster,"
1553, and shield of arms. The shield only is palimpsest; it

bears on the obverse the arms of the family of Castell

three castles triple-towered ji'ith a flenr-de-lys in fess point for

difference, and on the reverse the greater portion of a group of
five daughters, c. 1520, wearing kennel-shaped head-dresses and
close-fitting gowns with tight sleeves and turned-back cuffs.
The shield measures 5I x 4f inches, and in 1899 was loose in
its casement on the Chancel floor.

London, All Hallows Barking.

The mutilated brass to William Thynne, Esq., a master of
the household to Henry VIII., 1546, in armour, with head resting
on helmet, his second wife Anne, a daughter of William Bonde,
a foot-inscription with text, and a commemorative marginal
inscription with the symbols of the Evangelists at the corners,
was completely restored and relaid in a new slab by Messrs.
Waller in 1861, at the expense of the late Marquis of Bath, and
was then found to be palimpsest.

Obverse. The original and palimpsest portions consist of (A)
the figure of William Thynne, 29J inches in height, a small
portion between the feet lost ; (B) three-quarters of the figure
of his wife, 24 inches in height, the lower portion with the feet

' Engraved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii. p.
203, and see also vol. iv. p. 145.

leg

London, All Hallows Barkino.
Palimpsest Reverses of Thynne Brass.

About one-seventh full size.

and a piece of the right elbow lost ; (C) a strip of the marginal
inscription, 37 X i| inches, bearing the words . . . ^ Of t|)0,

lorti' '(Irumpet in bjljosc Compng: tljat tor map all 31"?'

fullj^ ntete l^^m ; and (D) another strip of the marginal
inscription, 41 1 x I5 inches, bearing the words 2DCpflrtptl fCOlTl

tl)i0 prison of lji0 fraple botij? ^^ x^^ tinp of ^UQU^tt
^nno tiui. 1546 $ in tje x:iTbiiit&.

Reverse. (A) This is cut out of the centre portion of a much
larger figure of a lady, c. 1530, and shows a portion of the hands
with lace cuffs at the wrists, a rich girdle encircling the waist,
and a long cord with tassels, which no doubt fastened the mantle,
but of this there is no trace.

(B) This is cut out of the centre portion of an ecclesiastic,
c. 1 5 10, in mass vestments and holding a chalice. Only a
portion of the body, the right shoulder, arm and hand, together
with the foot and a part of the bowl of the chalice, appear.

(C) Is a portion of an ornamental border from the top of an
inscription-plate, c. 1520 (?). The upper portion of the first line
of the inscription also shows, but is illegible, as only the tops of
the letters remain. This piece gives the width of the inscription
as 38 inches.

(D) Three fragments from the same inscription as (C),
bearing the words gju %l)t ^tVt Of OUt lorH (150tl.— tl)t

bti) tiap of ^UQU^t— ^Ije to^??cl) ef^ go^n tieceaspti, and a

small fragment on the reverse of XXhUf bearing two lines from

obttt rrhii° hit

an earher mscription ,,,/, In the first three pieces

Dpiciet tie am . . ^

the tops and bottoms of other letters are visible, but too frag-
mentary to be legible.

The brass is now at the East end of the South Aisle. William
Thynne edited, in 1532, the first complete edition of Chaucer's
works, with the exception of the " Ploughman's Tale." His
will is printed in Notes and Queries, 3 S., vol. iv. pp. 365, By his
second wife, Anne Bond, he had three daughters and one son,
Francis, afterwards Lancaster Herald, and one of the original
members of the Society of Antiquaries.

Ill

London, British Museum.

Obverse. A circular plate much worn and indented, 5|- inches
in diameter, bearing the bust of a priest, c. 1400-20, in amice,
surrounded by the smaller busts of four boys, and enclosed by
the following inscription: + IjIC UUtt 3l0ljC!3 mctl^nt (?) CIjOlGi

JtiiMto (?) Cffllnlteru' manuir (?) qc' alab} upicict' tic\ This

inscription is exceedingly difficult to read owing to its worn
condition and from its having been slightly cut down when
re-used. The writer is indebted to Mr. C. H. Read, Keeper of
the Mediaeval Antiquities, and to Mr. O. M. Dalton, of the
same Department, for much kind assistance in the attempt made
to decipher it.

British Museum.

About one-third full size.

Reverse. On this is engraved a wedge-shaped instrument
with loops on the left-hand side, and graduated at the bottom
from I to 8. An early form of quadrant (?). The instrument
is enclosed with a circle, and probably formed a portion of the
same brass as the reverse of No. II.

II.

Obvevse. A circular plate, 5^ inches in diameter, bearing
the small half-effigy of Thomas Quythed, " tercius magister
istius collegii," c. 1460 (?), in mass vestments and surrounded
by the following inscription; ^\Z XHZtt '(IljOmCf qU[>tIjCtJ

nuiffcot' llcrcr iQti' collrcyii riu' aic upicict' tic'.

I 12

Reverse. On this is engraved a pair of open compasses
within a circle. The style of ornamentation on the upper part
of this instrument points to a late sixteenth century date.

British Museum.

About one-third full size.

Possibly the reverse of No. I. and of this formed parts of a
brass to a mathematical instrument maker.

III.

Obverse. A group of seven daughters, c. 1470-80, all with
butterfly head-dresses, and close-fitting gowns open at the neck
and trimmed with fur. Size of plate, 6 x 4I inches.

Reverse. The hands, wrists, and a portion of the body of a
large figure, apparently of the fifteenth century.

IV.

Obverse. A group of three sons, c. 1530-40, in civil dress;
feet lost. Size of plate, 4^ x 3^ inches.

Reverse. Portions of six figures from a group of sons, c.
1500-20, in civil dress.

Obverse. A quatrefoil bearing the symbol of St. Mark within
a border ornamented with small roundels. Size of plate, 5x4!
inches.

113

Reverse. A portion of a shield, apparently foreign, bearing

. . . a chevron . . . charged with six barvulets . . . impaling . . .
a chevron between three crescents . . .

British Museum.

About one-third full size.

The obverse and reverse are reproduced in the Rev. H. W.
Macklin's Monumental Brasses, p. iii. See also Wimbish, Essex,
and Betchworth, Surrey.

London, Guildhall Museum.

Obverse. The upper half of a shield, late sixteenth century,
3j X 5^ inches in width, bearing a chevron engrailed ivith two
leopards' faces in chief and a label of three points, impaling a
quartered coat, the first quarter bearing per pah seven barrulets
counterchanged, and the second three lions rampant.

Reverse. A portion of a late fifteenth or early sixteenth
century inscription :

Cibi0 n

... or ti' qui qiiitim liica ....

... is ^cptcmbris ^itito

. . . uorum aiiilij pkitt' ti . . . .

Said to have been found in the City.

NORTHOLT.

Obverse. Effigies of John Gyfforde, in armour, his wife
Susan, who died in childbed in 1560, a group of nine sons, a
group of three daughters, and a foot-inscription in six Enghsh
verses. Four shields lost. All in 1902 loose in the slab on the

114

Chancel floor, and, with the exception of the inscription, all
palimpsest.

The male effigy is 15 inches and the female 14I inches in height,
the inscription-plate measures 16^ x 6|- inches, the sons 6x6
inches, the daughters 6 X 4|- inches, the shields were 7x6
inches, and the whole slab, which was once the cover of an
altar, one incised cross remaining, is 66 x 32 inches. This
side of the brass is reproduced in the Girl's Own Paper for
December 3, 1892.

Reverse. The male effigy is composed of two plates, respec-
tively measuring lof and 4^ inches. The larger piece, which
forms the lower part of the effigy, shows portions of the legs
and feet of an armed figure, c. 1480, the feet resting on a hound.
The smaller or upper portion belongs to the same figure, and
shows the cuisses on the thighs, the tonlettes with a baguette
of mail between the plates, and a portion of the sword crossing
the body diagonally. The female effigy is composed of three
plates, respectively measuring 4^ , 7, and 3^ inches. The first,
forming the head of the figure, is another portion of the armed
figure previously described, and shows the lower portion of the
breastplate, part of the faces, the pommel of the sword and a
portion of the sword-belt. The larger piece in the centre shows
lines of drapery only, and the lower piece consists of the base
of a lady's figure showing the folds of drapery at the feet and
the ground on which the figure stands. The centre fragment
may possibly have belonged to this figure, but all the joints
are much obscured by the solder used to fasten the pieces
together.

The group of sons is composed of two plates, the upper being
cut out of the centre of an inscription and reversed, the first
line being illegible owing to the solder :

... 0 obiit xiiii tiie nee . . .
. . . anno Dili milllo €€€,..

The lower is cut from the left-hand corner of a three-line
inscription, the first line obscured by the solder :

♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦

eiujEf qui quitirm MliU ....
obiit xW tiie Sl^aii . . .

The group of daughters is cut out of a worn group of about
eight kneeling sons, in civil dress, c. 1500.

1 1 5

PiNNhK,

Obverse. Small figure, g^ inches in height, of Anne, daughter
of Eustace Bedingheld, Gent., 1580, in swaddling clothes. She
was buried at the charges of her grandmother, Margery, widow
of John Draper, citizen and " bere " brewer of London. The
inscription, now imperfect, originally measured i7|- x ^^ inches,
a small piece, i| inches in width, being lost :

}^ttt untier Iml) tljc bo^vt of ^iiite Beriitig:tclti t[lje]
2Dtiug:|)tec of Cucftace BeDiiifffcltJ ^mt' toljo tirpteti \)[n\
l^tt 5c iTiijtf) ct tabvnav}^ \5S0, $ luirj^cu at tljc cl)a[i:n0:'?]
of Sl^argni' 2Drapcr tuiDoto late to^'fc of Jjolja 2Dra[per]
Citijcii auti bcre bretorr of lloutioit Ijcc (Brauutimotfljerj

This obverse side is engraved in the Transactions of the London
and Middlesex Archceologicat Society, vol. iii. p. 178, and in the
Girls Own Paper, October 8, 1892.

Reverse. The figure is cut out of the marginal inscription
of a large Flemish brass of late date, and bears the words
HiER + LIGHT, with an ornamental stop between them. The
reverse of the inscription-plate may have formed a portion of
a canopy, or possibly of a figure, but as there are only two broad
lines and three smaller ones it is impossible to give any exact
definition.

The brass was formerly on the floor of the North Aisle,
and narrowly escaped complete destruction at the time of the
restoration, when the end of the inscription was lost. It is now
mounted in a wooden frame and kept in the vestry.

MONMOUTHSHIRE.
No palimpsest noted in this county.

ii6

NORFOLK.

Cley.

Obverse. Inscription to Robert Tayllar, 1578. Size of plate,
10 X 3J inches.

^tvc l^nl) tlje boti^ of
lioliart Cnpllar bjlja tipeti
gf 14tfj of 3!anuarp a° 1578.

Reverse. Two pieces of canopy work of late design, probably
Flemish. One piece bears the base of a shaft with the feet and
legs of a small figure in a niche. The other, which is obscure,
appears to belong to a part of the same composition.

Loose in the vestry in 1890.

Clippesby.
Obverse. A small fragment of an inscription, 3 X 2| inches.

. . tini aia 3Ioljief Ij . .
. . qui obiit xxii . . .

. . a° nni 9^° C . . , .

Reverse. A portion of another inscription, possibly a " waster,"
as it is of much the same date.

.... qui rop .. .
.... fit Ijistori . . .
. . . piciftur ti . . .

This fragment, dug up in the garden of the old rectory, is now
kept in the church chest. Blomefield, in his History of Norfolk,
vol. xi. p. 164, notes an inscription " on an old brass," to John
Heron, rector, 1472, of which this may possibly be a portion.

1 1

Felmingha.ni.

Obverse. Inscription to Ursula Wychehynggam, c. 1530.
Size of plate, 10^ x 2| inches. The work of a local engraver.

€)ratc pro ala 2lU*c?iile (liillpdjcljpng:
pm cut' ale propicictur Do amcii

Reverse. The Rev. H. Haines, in his Manual of Monumental
Brasses, part ii. p. 151, says, " on reverse an inscription to William
Elyes, chaplain, 1500." The plate is now fixed to the wall and
the writer has been unable to obtain any further information.

II.

Obverse. Inscription in large coarse Roman capitals to Robert
Moone, 1591. Size of plate, io|- x 5^ inches. The work of a
local engraver.

HEARE LYETH THE
BODYE OF ROBERT
MOONE WHO DISSE
ASED THE 24 DAYK OF
MAY ANNO DONI I 59 i .

HEARELYETHThE
BODYE OFROBERT

A^AfA^NODONl■I59I

Palimpsest Insckii'tion, Felmingham, Norkoi.k.

About OTie-fiftli full size.

Reverse. This inscription is cut out of the centre portion a
priest in mass vestments, c. 1450-60. The fragment shows the
hands, the sleeves of the amice, the maniple and portions of the
chasuble.

The plate is now fastened to the wall.

Frenze.
A. shield, 51 x 4^ inches, with the arms of Lowdham, Arg.,
three escutcheons sa., on the obverse, and on the reverse another shield

iiS

bearing Quarterly I. and IV., a chevvon. II. and III., a lion ram-
pant, crozaned or. From the brass to Ralph Blenerhaysett, Esq.,
1475. The reverse appears to be an unfinished shield with the
arms of Blenerhaysett quartering Orton, which, for some error,
was cancelled and the arms of Lowdham substituted on the other
side of the plate.

Loose at Frenze Hall in 1891. See Norfolk Archeology , vol.
xiii. p. 194.

Halvergate.

Obverse. Small half-efifigy of a lady in turban head-dress, with
a mutilated inscription to Robert Swane and Alice (?) his wife,
1540. The figure measures 8 inches in height and the inscription-
plate, in its present mutilated condition, is I2| x 2 inches. The
whole is the work of a local engraver.

Inscription :

.... lr['tl)e Eobarti »)\Dnnr anti
... izk \)v^ toj^fc a° tiiv ^° V^ rl.

lep^ti;61j^\ci .feiBKur alio

Jraml^ilisr^niniiH

Palimpsest Figure, Halvergate, Norfolk.

About one-sixth full size.

Reverse. The almost complete memorial of Brother William
Yarmouth, consisting of his bust in monastic habit, with the
following short inscription, the last letter of the surname wanting :

ffratcr ^iUmgf JI^'^'i^^i^^" •

Date c. 1440. Now hung in a frame on the wall of the church.
Both sides of the plate are engraved in Norfolk Archaology, vol.
X. p. 218.

• 119

II.
Obverse. Inscription to Robert Golword and wife Katharine,
1543. Size of plate, 20 x 3| inches. The work of a local
engraver.

^t(x}! for tl)C cfoulc of Eobati (Boltnorti i liatc'ine
1)10 to^'fe on b3l)oi0 efoulc 3Ic0u Ijauc m'c^'
a°tini 9t^° CCCCC vliit (Kt p quib? tcncnttir

Icttt^ftpbDlip flf difalirtlj J ll])}f of to p: tab fcilp»,| ll'orthp,
aalhphipDofctof i^ uplipl ifliD IiarDoifxftpslJaprsmliiJollrtlitu

^fiYii lit I

5)02'aftM)fe oMaWn^ Hje dliJDc#tbB'|Dl|!|yjpMl2lo!|

Palimpsest Inscription, Hai.verga'ie, Norfolk.

One-fifth full size.

Reverse. Another inscription, also the work of a local
engraver, to Elizabeth, daughter of Lord Bardolf and wife of
Thomas, Lord Scales. Undated, but probably engraved c. 1460.

\}txt iTSt^'tl) f boti)' of cli0abrtl) f toj'f of tljos f lord
;©lD)'lu f tiotot' of f nofa^'l lorD Imrtjolf i Ijrs tia^'cs 17'tlj

llOtBtljt)'

'^o qbjooc 0otDlc ilju 0rnlic ['^ liropps of pi plcntcuoto0

mrrcp
^0 pt aft)'r ri0 objtla^q' ecljc abntic \DPtI) ['^ l)ol[' i }n

ppcturl fflorj*

Probably spoil from Blackburgh Priory, the burial place of the
Scales family. There is considerable doubt as to the identity of
the lady to whom this inscription was cut. Thomas de Scales,
seventh Lord Scales, who died in 1460, is said to have married,
about the year 1433, Emme, a daughter of John Walesborough,
of Devon. The Complete Peerage by " G. E. C." adopts a sugges-
tion originally made in Notes and Queries (6 S., vol. xii. p. 426)

that " Thomas " is a mistake for " Robert " and assigns the lady
to Robert, Lord Scales, who died in 1419. It also, on the
evidence of this inscription, states that the lady was buried at
Halvergate, quite overlooking the fact of the inscription being a
palimpsest and, therefore, no evidence. 'Blomeheld, in his History
of Noyfolk, vol. X. p. 23, makes this Elizabeth to be a first wife of
Robert, fifth Lord Scales, who died in 1402; whilst Burke
[Extinct Peerage) makes her the only wife of the said Robert and
the lady who had for her second husband Sir Henry Percy.

A possible solution of the difficulty may be found in considering
the lady as a second and unrecorded wife of Thomas, seventh Lord
Scales. The theory of an engraver's error is ingenious but hardly
probable, for, in the first place, an engraver was not likely to com-
mit such an error as the substitution of the name " Thomas " for
" Robert," nor, on the other hand, would the family overlook such
a blunder.

Merton.

Obverse. Thomas de Grey, Esq., in armour (legs lost), 1562,
inscription (mutilated), and three shields (two lost). The figure,
when perfect, measured 20 inches in height, in its present con-
dition only 14 inches; the inscription-plate 26 x 4 inches, and
the shields 6x5 inches.

Inscription :

i^ere lictlj li^toi^^i^^^'^^ tiljc botiie [of ^Ijomao] tiegre^e

(Esquior ^onnc nnti Ijcprir ot Ctiuuti
tiegr^^'c Csquior toljo tirccascti tlj[c 12 of Sl^a^J 1562.

anti Ijati to Ijis first ^ife ^nnc cEucuotie
2Daiio:ljtcr ot ljcnr?'c Cucrotie of [Hinstcti in] »)Uffol\e

cEoquior ^nti to lji0 0cconti
Cfuipancc tljc 3Dauo:!)tcr of [»>ir (laij^monlic Carnrluc of

antljon^T in Cornrtorll
I^niffljtc toljo0c 0oulc pn p[artion].

The words in brackets, now lost, are supplied from Cotman's
engraving. The brass, which is the work of a local engraver, is
on the floor of the South Aisle beneath a pew, but the boards
above it are movable. It is engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral
Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixxv. p. 40, where the inscription and
shields are shown perfect.

Reverse. The first portion of the inscription, measuring

121

9| inches, became detached from the stone some years ago and
was found to bear on the reverse the feet of a man in armour
resting on a Hon, c. 1390. It is now fastened down, but there is a

Rkvkkse of Pori'ion of iNscRirrioN.
Merton, Norfolk.

About one-half full size.

rubbing in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries from which
the accompanying illustration has been made. The joint on the
right hand side is much disfigured by solder. The whole brass
appears to be made up of fragments, and is probably all
palimpsest.

Narburgh.

Obverse. Inscription to Elizabeth, wife of John Goldyngham,
Esq., 1556. Size of plate, 14I X 5^ inches. The work of a
local engraver.

^;»fiT itnticr U'Ctlj luuTCti (£l^0abctlj
cBoltii'mjljin outvmr tljc topff of J^^^W
(J5olt))'noi)ni r^qiD'cr toljo ticpartcti tljijs
piToriu loorltic tljc liii tiap of ffcbriiarp a''
155(3 toljooc 0olxilc pi3 partion

Reverse. This inscription is cut out of the lower portion of a
priest in mass vestments, c. 1470-80. The fragment shows part
of the chasuble, the maniple, the stole, the bottom of the alb,
and the feet of the figure.

Now fastened to the Tower wall. There is a rubbing in the
collection of the Society of Antiquaries.

I 2 2

Norwich, St. John Maddermarket.

According to the Rev. F. Blomefield's History of Norfolk
(1806), vol. iv. p. 290, also quoted in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral
Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. p. 33, and in the Rev. H. Haines'
Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. ccxxvi., the lost in-
scription from the brass to John Marsham, mayor of Norwich,
who died in 1525, and wife Elizabeth, was a palimpsest. On the
obverse it bore the following :

" €)f ]?our cljnr^tc prap for t^t 0ouUe0 of 91oIjn Sl^nrdjam
gfometpmc mairc of t\ii^ tittiz of j^or^Diclje i (ili^abetlj
Ijief tojjffe toljidj ^lolju ucceajjefcti tlje rtii nap of Slpap in
tljc ['frc of our Eorti (Boti 9^' >tc rrb oit tol)O0r jsfoullest
anil all €xmn\ 0oullcef ^l*^^" 1)'^^^ mercj' amen."
" Sl^cmcnto Ijomo quia moricri0."

and on the reverse, or as Blomefield says, " on the same plate, on
the side next the stone, is this, as appeared when it was pulled
off, it being now loose in the vestry " :

" Charitable peppl tljat 0ljall loke upon tljis 0ton

l^ate 31cbn i^ar0l)am h\ remembrance of pour eljarite

S^aper of tl)i0 Cpte 0umtpme toa0 lji0 per0on

5anti tlje riij tiap of ^ap tljen tieparteli Ije

anti a 9^° V^ ix\\i\ iTt Cri0t pere0 anointeti

ipor Cli? 1)10 toife of pour cljarite prap

^Ijat in tlje ifeptlj Catljolick from tlji0 toorlti tieparteti

^w tlje pere of Cri0t ^° F^

ge 0ljall not lo0e pour rljaritable tiebocion

x\\ Carr»inal0 Ijabe granted pou riF tiape0 of pardon."

Evidently a cancelled plate to suit the changing times.

II.

Obverse. Inscription, in raised black letter, to Nicholas
Sutiherton, alderman and mayor (in 1539) of Norwich, 1540.
In the right-hand corner is a small shield with the Suttherton
arms. Size of plate, 25^ x 6 inches. The work of a local
engraver.

l^ere lietlj Burieti pf botip of S19a0ter i|5icljola0 ^uttljerton
latte Sl^aper i ianijerma of tlji0 toorcljipfull tixt toljpclje tlje
neute

T23

^ta after [n Ijc tons Sparer tii0cc00iti ototc o£ tl)i0 tvmU

torie l;'fe
tljflt tone? tljc pcrc of okir lorti 1540 tlje r tin^'c of jl^obcmbr

to^osf sfoulf 0a}^c ['obj g|c0u Ijauc m'cj' for ^0 Ijc 3|0 00
0cljnU pc Be

Palimpsest Inscription, St. John Maddermarket, Norwich.

About one-sixth full size.

Reverse. The lower portion, from the hands downwards, of
the right-hand side of a lady, c. 1460, in mantle. At her feet,
engraved on her gown, is the complete figure (7^ inches high) of
a daughter attired as a nun, and half the figure of another
daughter in the usual costume of the period.

The brass is now fixed to the wall of the South Aisle so that
the reverse cannot be seen. Some years ago all the brasses in
this church were taken from their stones and placed on the walls.
In consequence of this injudicious treatment all have suffered
severely from corrosion, and are now in a disgraceful condition ;
in fact, are fast being ruined.

III.
Obverse. Effigies of Robert Rugge, Esq., alderman and twice
mayor of Norwich, 1558, in civic gown, his wife Elizabeth, five
sons, four shields, four scrolls, and an inscription on a bracket.
A plate bearing a group of daughters and a shield with a
merchant's mark now lost. As nearly the whole brass, which is

124

of a common Norwich type, the work of a local school of
engravers, is palimpsest, it will be more convenient to consider it
in sections. In all, it originally consisted of fourteen pieces,
as follows : —

(i) The figure of Robert Rugge, in civic mantle, the lower
part of the legs and the feet wanting. In its present condition
the figure measures 37^ inches in length.

(2) A scroll proceeding from his mouth. This scroll has
twisted ends, it measures 13x2 inches, and is inscribed

Pater tic ccli0 ticu0
mi0crrnr nobis.

(3) The figure of Elizabeth Rugge, 35 inches in length.
She wears the kennel-shaped head-dress, and the usual under-
and over-gown of the period. The latter is fastened round the
waist by a silken cord with knotted ends.

(4) A scroll from her mouth similar to (2), but inscribed

Jfili retjcmptor mutii Ueu0
miscrcrr nobis.

(5) A shield between the heads of the figures, bearing the
initials R. E. interlaced by knot work.

(6) A bracket upon which the figures stand, and which
bears the inscription :

^t ^our rljarptic pra)'c for tlje soules of Eobnrte Euffge

(fsquirr
sometime fliticrman anti ttopsc Q^tipcr of tljis toorsljipfull

citic of
^orbjiclj. anti (i^lqabctl) Ijis tojjffr toljiclj Ijan i^&m bcttoire

tljcm
fj'bc sonnrs anti it) Dauffljtrrs ann tijc saitic Eofat l^iiQQt
licpartctJ tljis tranciton' life tlje rbii) tiaj'e of ffebruarie in

tlje j'care of our iiorti (Boti 1558, of toljose soiiles
Sfl^e ^oii ;|e0ti Ijaiie mere^'e ^men.

This bracket measures 31^ x 24 inches.

(7) A square plate, gj x g^ inches, bearing the kneeling
figures of five sons in doublets and knee-breeches.

(8) A scroll proceeding from the corner of the plate, similar
in style to (2) and (4), but inscribed

2Deuo propiciii0 e0to
animabu0 parentli nror*

(9) A square plate bearing the figures of the three daughters
now lost.

(10) A scroll similar to (8).

125

(ii) A shield at the upper dexter corner, charged with the
arms of Rugge (Gules), a chevron engrailed between three pierced
mullets (argent), with hehiiet, mantUng and crest, a talhot passant
(argent), collared, ringed and eared (sable).

(12) A shield at the upper sinister corner, charged with the
arms of Kugge only.

(13) A shield at the lower dexter corner with Rugge's
merchant's mark, now lost.

(14) A sliield at the lower sinister corner, charged with the
arms of the Mercers' Company.

The brass was formerly on the floor of the South Aisle, but is
now fastened to the wall of the North Aisle, and is in a disgraceful
condition from damp and neglect. It is engraved, somewhat
inaccurately, in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol.
i. pi. 70.

Robert Rugge was sheriff of Norwich in 1537, mayor in 1545,
and again in 1550. His brother, William Rugge, was the last
abbot of St. Benet's Hulme, and subsequently bishop of Nor-
wich from 1536 to 1550. Robert was twice married, the date of
the death of his first wife, Elizabeth is unknown ; his second
wife was Alice, widow of William Hare ; she survived him and
was buried at Plumstead.

Reverse, (i) The figure of Robert Rugge. This is made up
two plates, respectively measuring 19^ inches and 18 inches, and
consists of the greater portion of the centre of a large and early
figure of an abbot. The figure is vested in amice, alb,
maniple with broad-fringed end, and chasuble. The apparels of
the alb are continued entirely round the wrists, and the amice
lies loosely round the neck. The hands are encased in rich
gloves, the right holding the stem of the crosier, whilst the left
supports a large, richly-bound and clasped book. As the lower
part of the figure is wanting, except two fragments used for
scrolls, it is impossible to say what otheroavestments were worn.
The date appears to be about 1320, and the figure may be com-
pared with that formerly at Oulton, SutToIk, to Adam de Bacon,
rector, who was living in 13 18, but whose brass is generally dated
about i3io\ Effigies of abbots holding books are not uncommon,
but only one brass has so far been noticed. It is at Adderley,
Shropshire, to an unknown abbot, date about 1390'^

' Engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk and Suffolk, vol.
ii. pi. iii. ; Rev. C. Koutell's Monumenlal Brasses and SLihs, p. 95 ; Rev. H.
Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses (1861), Inirod., p. cxlii. ; Photolithograpk
privately published by E. M. Reloe, jiin. ; Norfolk Ardi, colony, vol. i. p. 355.

■ Engraved in ArclKzologUal fotirnal, vtil. Iii. p. 53.

126

Palimpsest Reverses ov Rugge Brass.
St. John Maddermakket, Norwich.

127

(2) and (4) Scrolls. These are both cut from the lower part
of the figure of the abbot. No. (2) shows a part of the staff" of
the crosier and a portion of the orplirey of the chasuble. No. (4)
shows part of the apparel of the alb at the feet of the figure,
and also a portion of a lion's face, showing that the figure had,
as in the case at Oulton, a lion at the feet.

(3) The figure of Elizabeth Rugge. This is made up of three
pieces, respectively measuring 15 inches, 4^ inches, and 5^
inches. All belong to the figure of a priest in mass vestments,
and may be dated about 1340.

(5) Shield with initials. This is cut out of a larger shield
bearing the arms of Fastolf, Quarterly (or) and {azure) on a bend
(gules) three crosses crosslet (or).

(6) Bracket. The greater portion of this is blank, only the
finial, 8| X 7 inches, being palimpsest. It is composed of two
pieces, of which the larger bears the face of a lion of early date,
and the smaller may have been a portion of its body, but only one
engraved line remains.

(7) The sons. Blank.

(8) Scroll. Made up of bits of an armed figure and half a
lion's head. Date about 1440.

(9) The daughters. Lost.

(10) Scroll. Blank.

(11) and (12) Rugge arms. Blank.

(13) Merchant's mark. Lost.

(14) Mercers' arms. Cut out of the figure of a lady in kirtle
and mantle, c. 1440.

In all, portions of six brasses were re-used to make up Rugge's
memorial. The shield with the arms of Fastolf may have come
from the abbey church of St. Benet Hulme, as it is known that
Sir John Fastolf was buried there in 1459, in a chapel which he
had erected on the north side of the presbytery, where his wife,
Milicent, a daughter of Sir Thomas Tiptoft, was also buried.
The fragments of the armed figure and of the lady may possibly
have belonged to the same brass. There are no means of identi-
fying the abbot, he may have come from any house. If from
St. Benet's, it may have represented Nicholas de Walesham,
who died in 1302, or Henry de Brook, who died in 1325.

The various reverses of this brass are engraved in Norfolk
Archicology, vol. xiv. p. 66, and are here reproduced on a slightly
reduced scale, by kind permission of the Council of the Norfolk
and Norwich Archaeological Society,

128

Norwich, St. Martin-at-Palace.
On the floor of the Chancel, now partly covered by the choir
stalls, is a large slab, 8 feet 6 inches x 4 feet, with the indents
for a commemorative inscription, 18 x 15 inches, in the centre,
and a large shield of arms, g} x 8|- inches, below, the whole
surrounded by a marginal inscription, of which the following
words still remain — ^ am 0'OCV tljtlt ItlP— ClOtljCtl apmiCtDltlj

— ftcdje ^tt 31 m^ 0clfe— oljall brljoltie Ijjnn not,— on four

strips of brass, each measuring if inches in width. The work of
a local engraver. The Rev. F. Bloinefield, in his History of
Norfolk (8vo. ed. 1805-10), vol. iv. p. 372, thus describes the
brass, which appears to have been perfect in his time :

" In the chancel there is a large stone with brass plates, on
which is circumscribed that passage in xix. Job, verses 25. 26, 27.

•• 31 am 0bcr tl)at m)' rcticmar Iplictlj ant) tljat 3 0ljall
rpgfe out of tlje cartlj m tljc latter na^ tljat 3 jJljall be
clotljeti affainie bjitlj tW ekj'iine anti 0e p^ n^ nt^ aeclje
^ee 3 mp selfe 0ljaU beljoltie Ijpm not toitlj otljar but \Ditlj
tljese came e^'e^.'

" it^ere Ipetlj Ijptin untier tlj^c 0tone
^Ije bDpfe of s>ir pij^Hpppe Caltljorpe \\\\v%\)t
ant! clepj'ti 2Dame 3iii^f f!)^ tiotoiyljter of one
3]Ijon Bleberlja^'00et (E^quier Ije Ijj'jjljt
^Ije lobeti (15oti'0 loortie anti libeti Ij'ketuise
^Ije pbe to tlje poore 1 peaj^'ti for tlje xnz^z
^Ije ruleti Ijer Ijolo^e in mescuer anti cj^cce
^^e 0pent a0 it eame anti ptljereti not moel)e
Ulje tiajj of apn'll ttoentp anti 0etien
(I5oti tiiti Ijec eall from ljen0e on to Ijabben
anno 1550.

" Calthorpe impales Bleverhasset, Lowdham, Orton and
Keldon."

In Norfolk Avchcsology, vol. i. p. 366, it is recorded that on
July 2, 1846, the secretary read a letter from Mr. Dawson
Turner, stating that Mr. Warren, of Ixworth, had sent for the
inspection of the Society a brass, of which Mr. Turner gave the
following description :

" Brass, formerly attached to the stone in the church of St.
Martin-at-the-Plain [or at-Palace] , Norwich, which commem-
orated Jane, wife of Sir Philip Calthorpe, Knt., and daughter of

129

John Bleverhassett, Esq., who died 153c [error for 1550.] The
arms upon it are Calthorpe {Cheqiiy or and az., a fess erm.) impaling
Blenerhasset (Gn., a chevron erm. between three dolphins entbowed az.),
Lowdham (Arg., three escutcheons sa.), Orton {Vert, a lion rampant
arg., crowned and armed gu.), Keldon {Gu., a pall reversed erm.). In
this brass are two things to be remarked, its very unusual thick-
ness and its having been a portion of a larger plate, on the reverse
of which had been engraved the figure of a female or priest,
a part of whose drapery is here visible. The outline of the
whole shield, and of each smaller coat and its bearing, appears
raised, owing to the interior of the several figures being depressed,
except in the or of Calthorpe, and in the argent and ermine, as often
as they occur. In the case of the or the brass is left and was
probably only covered with a wash of gold, or with gold leaf.
Argent and ermine always present a surface of lead, on which small
fragments of a very tliin white enamel are here and there
observable, showing that the whole was originally coated with
such. When other colours were to be represented, a matrix
composed of red lead, mixed with wax or oil, fills the cavity,
leaving, however, room for a coat of enamel, considerably more
thick than the white just mentioned ; but hardly any portion of
such is anywhere to be seen. In two of the azure compartments
in the Calthorpe arms, the red lead has been carefully removed,
exposing the metal, quite irregular in its surface, perhaps left
purposely so below." Mr. Turner stated that it was Mr.
Warren's intention to restore the brass to its original position.
In 1847 the Rev. C. Boutell, in his Monumental Brasses and Slabs,
p. 150, illustrates the two sides of the shield and repeats Mr.
Dawson Turner's description. Mr. Warren's good intention was
not carried out, for The East Anglian Notes and Queries, vol. i.
(1858) p. 415, contains an enquiry by a correspondent signing
himself '* L.," as to the whereabouts of this brass. An editorial
note says, " We have the authority of Mr. Warren, of Ixworth,
to say that the brass of Jane Calthorpe was bought by him at the
sale by auction of the effects of the late Rev. George Boldero, of
Ixworth ; and the late Mr. Goddard Johnson and himself searched
the Norwich churches to discover the stone from which it had
been removed. Having been successful in this search Mr.
Warren left the brass with Mr. Goddard Johnson to have it
replaced, if possible, but if this could not be done, ^Ir. Johnson
was to present it in Mr. Warren's name to the Norwich Museum,
but this does not appear to have been done." In the same

130

volume, p. 425, another correspondent, under the initial " A,"
states, " A short time after the decease of the late Mr. Goddard
Johnson, the palimpsest shield from the gravestone of Jane
Calthorpe was left with me by the Rev. J. Gunn, to be
restored to the church of St. Martin-at-the-Palace, with the
understanding that it was to be refixed to the stone from
which it had been so long reaved. This has not yet been
done, but the Rev. S. B. Harris, in whose custody I left the
brass, has explained the delay, and again promised that it shall
be replaced. Some fragments of the marginal inscription, which
have been detached for years, are also in his care, and these, too,
are palimpsests. A portion inscribed ' Redeemer lyveth and
that ' is cut out of the same effigy as the shield, and another
fragment having ' wyth the same eyes ' has on its reverse part of
a shaft of a canopy, still retaining its original gilding."

The brasses were never replaced. They were probably sold
amongst the goods of the vicar on his decease, and after passing
through various hands were in April, 1902, in the possession of
Prince Frederick Duleep Singh, Old Buckenham Hall, Norfolk,
to whose courtesy the writer is indebted for rubbings.

The pieces now preserved at Old Buckenham Hall consist of
the shield and three fragments of the marginal inscription, all
being palimpsest. The shield, which measures 9^ x 8| inches,

Palimpsest Shield formerly in St. Martin-at-Palace, Norwich.

About one-fourth full size.

bears on its obvevse the arms of Calthorpe impaling Blener-
HASSET quarterly with Lowdham, Orton, and Keldon, and on

131

the reverse the lower portion of a lady in mantle, c. 1530. Two
fragments of the marginal inscription, respectively measuring 7^
and 10 inches, join together and have on the obverse side the words
rCtiemar Ij'betij antJ tljat. These pieces come from the top
ri^ht-hand corner of the slab, but the indent for the greater part
of the strip is now covered by the choir stalls. Their reverse con-
sists of another portion of the c. 1 530 lady ; a small fragment of an
engrailed charge, either a bend or a saltire, shows that her mantle

:W^^ ^^sm^mui.

mtm^^im^'^my >. m.

Palimpsest Fragments of Marginal Inscription kormerly in
St. Martin-at-Palace, Norwich.

About one-fourth full size.

was charged with heraldic bearings. The third strip, measuring
13J inches in length, bears on its obverse the words t\)t&t eftllllC
Z^t'S, and belongs to the top left-hand corner of the slab, being the
last words of the text. On the reverse is a portion of the shaft of
a canopy, c. 1530, finely engraved and still retaining traces of
gilding.

No doubt the other fragments of the marginal inscription still
remaining in the slab will be found to be palimpsest should they
ever become detached.

Norwich, St. Pkter Mancroft.
Obverse. Effigy of Peter Rede, Esq., 1568, in armour of date
about one hundred years earlier, a copy from an older figure.*

' This is proved by the date of the palimpsest, and by the fact that the fii^ure
and inscription are cut from the same Flemish brass.

132

j5EREVNDEBJJYBTlt^- COUPS OF PETERKJ^DE ESaVI
' ER->^HOHA*H ^0KHEEV^ERVE,DN0T0NEY H YS
PKYI^^CEAND•GVNTREY•J5VT•AIESO•lI£•EMPEROR:CHAR
LESTI^'5' BOtTE-Al-TFECONQVESE OFBARBARIAA>D ATTH:
«IEGD0F-TVN1SA6-AES^0-1N01HERPLACESWH0RAX)GEV'-
ENHmBY'Tre-5AYD-EMPFJlOVR- FORHYS-VA LIAVJSTP^^
DE,DE5TiEORDER-OFBAKBARIA>)/HO*DYE.DTH: 13' OF
DECEMBER;IKTH:YEAR0F0VREL0RD'G0D15' 6^ 8-

Okveksh: and Reverse ok the Brass to Peter Rede, 1568,
St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich,

Abuut one-fifih full size

Very curious, the work of a local engraver. Height of effigy, 21
inches. Below is the following inscription on a plate measuring
234 X 6| inches :

HERE . VNDER . LYETHE Y . CORPS . OF . PETER . REDE . ESQVI

ER . WHO . HATH . WORTHELY . SERVED . NOT . ONLY . HYS

PRYNCE . AND CVNTREY . BUT ALLSO . THE . EMPEROR . CHAR;

LES . THE . 5 . BOTHE . AT . THE . CONQVEST . OF . BARBARIA . AND . AT

. THE
SIEGE . OF . TVNIS . AS . ALSO . IN . OTHER . PLACES . WHO . HAD . GEV.
EN . HYM . BY . THE . SAYD . EMPEROVR . FOR . HYS VALIAVNT .
DEDES . THE . ORDER . OF . BARBARIA . WHO . DYED . THE 29 OF
DECEMBER . IN . THE . YEAR . OF OVRE . LORD . GOD I568.

The brass lies on the floor of the chancel and is engraved
in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixxvii.
p. 41, and the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses,
Introd., p. lii.

Reverse. Portions of a large, fine Flemish brass of very late
fifteenth or early sixteenth century work. The figure of Peter
Rede has been cut transversely from the plate, thus giving a
narrow section of about half the brass. At the left-hand side,
forming the legs and feet of Peter Rede, is a shield charged with
four piles issuing from tlie sinister} Then in the centre of the figure
is the greater portion of tfie head of a civilian wearing a cap and
resting on a cushion richly diapered with flowers and foliage,
with other diaper work of a slightly different pattern in the
corners beyond the cushion. This figure was under a canopy,
traces of which appear on the left and right-hand sides of the
head. This canopy was also continued on the right-hand side,
where, forming the head of Peter Rede, is another richly diapered
cushion, showing that originally there was another figure,
probably that of the man's wife.

The inscription is cut out of the same brass and shows a strip
of the border ornamented with geometrical work, a portion of the
body of the civilian shovving the right shoulder and hands, and
in the corner a tassel of the cushion and a small piece of the
diaper work beyond the cushion. The writer is indebted to Mr.
L. G. Bolingbroke, of Norwich, for the loan of the rubbing from
which the accompanying illustration has been made.

' In foreign heraldry called hiiauche. The family of Holman, originally from
the Duchy of C\t\t:s, hezr. Parti emaitche d' argent <t de gueules. See T- Wood-
ward's Heraldry, British and Foreign, veil. i. p. 148.

134

Norwich, St. Stephen.

Effigy of a lady, c. 1410, 23I inches in height, in veil head-
dress, close-fitting kirtle with long tight sleeves reaching to the
knuckles, and over-gown with high collar and large, full sleeves.
To the base of this figure has been attached a plate, 8 X 2f
inches, bearing two small seated figures of bedesmen, or beggars,
with crutches and rosaries, and a new inscription added appro-
priating the figure to Eel (or Ele) Buttry, the last prioress of
Campsey Ash, Suffolk, who died in 1546, and by her will directed
her body " To be buryed in the north side of the chappell of ower
blyssed Ladye" in this church.

The inscription-plate, 14^ x 35 inches, is the work of a local
engraver, and reads thus :

[4arar] for x\)z [ooulir] of GEcl 23uttiT 0iit^me
prrorrs of Campc00c on toljo0c 0oule 3]fefu
Ijatir wxzi tlje rrim tia^' of ^ctolin* i^° V^x,M°,

The first and fourth words of this inscription have been
defaced, but the clause, " on whose soule, &c.," has escaped
erasure.

The brass, which is on the floor of the North Chapel, is
engraved in J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norjolk, vol. ii.
Appendix, pi. i. fig. A. p. 57 (imperfect and erroneously
assigned to St. Laurence's church) ; Rev. H. Haines' Manual of
M onuniental Brasses, Introd., p. ccx. (figure only) ; and Norfolk
Archaeology, vol. vi. p. 295 (effigy and inscription).

With reference to the Christian name of the prioress about
which authorities differ, the brass itself giving " Eel," Mr. J.
Challenor Smith, F.S.A., has kindly sent the following note:
"William Botery, citizen and merchant of London, will 1535
(P.C.C. Hogen 30), mentions his sister ' dame Ede, prioress of
Camisey, Suffolk."

Norwich, Strangers' Hall.
A palimpsest inscription, formerly in the possession of the
late Mr. Bayfield, of Norwich, and supposed to have come either
from the church of St. Paul, or that of St. James, Norwich, is
now (1901) preserved in this Hall.

Obverse. Inscription to Anne, wife of Thomas Randolf, 1536.
Size of plate, ii4 X 2 J inches. The work of a local engraver.

Prar for tl)r soulr of ^nnr (atf
t(jr toifr of '(Iljomn^ Etintiolf 1536.

o:)

m"'"'

Palimpsest Inscription now in the Strangers' Hall, Norwich.

Al)out one-third full size.

Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish plate, bearing a portion of
the face, neck, right shoulder, and two fingers of the right hand
of a lady, c. 1500. A portion of a brooch and of the cords for
fastening the mantle also appear.

Great Ormesby.
Three-quarter effigy, 22 inches high, of a lady, c. 1440,

wearing a horned head-dress with veil,
a close - fitting kirtle, and a mantle
fastened across the breast by a cord
and tassels. In her hands she holds
a heart circumscribed with the words

(ErtI) mp bor^}f 3 ^i\3c to tlje
oil mj' 0oule JiW Ijauc m'cj>.^

Altered, by the insertion of much
coarse shading and the addition of an
inscription (now lost), to represent
Alice, daughter of Sir William Boleyn,
and wife of Sir Robert Clere, 1538.
Loose in the church chest in i8go.
The casement is under the wooden
flooring of the Chancel. The figure is
very inaccurately engraved in J. S.
Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk,
vol. i. pi. Ixvi. p. 36, where the in-
scription and one shield of arms is also
shown.

Great Ormesby, Norfolk.

About one-seventh full size.

^ See Haines, Introd., p. cvii. The original is much worn.

136

Paston.

Effigy of Erasmus Paston, who died in 1538, in civil dress,
four English verses, inscription, and two shields. The effigy of
his wife Mary (Windham), who died in 1596, is lost. The male
effigy is 25 inches in height, the plate with the verses measures
24 ^ 5i inches, the inscription-plate i2| x 2f inches, and the
shields 7 x 6| inches. The brass, which appears to have been
executed c. 1580, lies on the Chancel floor and is engraved in
J. S. Cotman's Sepulchral Brasses in Norfolk, vol. i. pi. Ixviii. p. 37.

So far as at present known only the shields are palimpsest,
but it is highly probable that the remainder of the brass will also
be found to be made up of earlier fragments. The plate with the
verses is composed of three separate pieces, and the inscription-
plate of two separate pieces, a very suspicious circumstance.

Obverse. Shield No. I. Quarterly of Twelve I. {Arg.), six
fleur-de-lys [as.), a chief indented {or). Paston. II. [Ayg.), a fess
between two chevrons (gn.), the upper charged with a fleur-de-lys {or).
Peche. III. Erm., on a chief indented {gu.) three coronets {or).
Leach. IV. {Or), on a chevron between three lions' heads erased {gu.),
as many bezants. Somerton. V. {Az.), an escutcheon within an orle
of martlets {arg.). Walcot. VT. {Arg.), a chevron between three
bears' heads couped {sa.), muzzled {or). Berry. VII. {Arg.), a chief
indented {gu.). Hemgrave. VI II. {Arg.), a fess between three
crescents {gu.). Wachesam. IX. {Az.), a lion rampant guardant {or).
Hethersett. X. {Sa.), a fess between two chevrons {or). Ger-

Palimpsest Shield, Paston, Norfolk.

About one-third full size.

^37

BRIDGE. XI. (Arg.), on a chevron (g:i.) three fleur-delys {or).
Peyver. XII. Quarterly, i and 4. {Az.), a cross paiee (or).
Mautby (.?) 2 and 3. iGu.), a fess (arg.) between thirteen billets {or).

LOUVAINE.^

Reverse. Sliield No. I. A fra^'ment of a Dutch or Flemish
inscription, late fifteenth century, in raised black letter.

Obverse. Shield No. II. Quarterly I. and IV. {Az.), a
chevron between three lions' heads erased (or). Windham. II. and III.
Quarterly 1 and ^. {A z.), a bend {or). Scrope. 2 and 3. {Arg.),
a saltire engrailed {gu.). Tiptoft.

Palimpsest Shield, Pasios, Norfolk.

About one-third full size.

Reverse. Shield No. II. A fragment of another Flemish
brass, rather later in date, c. 1520 (?), with the head of a figure
resting on a mattress, a portion of a scroll bearing (mi0)rrcrc
mci tJCUCf, and a shield charged with three wheat sheaves and a
villi ht.

These shields are now fastened down.

Ranworth.
Obverse. Three scrolls, 7x2 inches, the only remaining
portions of a brass which originally consisted of a heart, 5^ X 4

^ See the Rev. E. Farrer's Chwch Hei-aUry of Norfolk, vol. i. p. 376.

138 - .

inches, with the scrohs above, and an inscription-plate, i6 x 4
inches, with a shield of arms, 8x6 inches, below. The case-
ment, 1 1 feet X 3 feet 6 inches, still remains on the floor of the
Nave. The brass was the work of a local engraver and may be
dated c. 1540. The scrolls bear the following words from the
Office for the Dead, the opening word "Credo" having doubtless
been engraved on the heart.

Scrolls :

(i) qn rcticptor mc' mnit
I \\\ noiiief0imo tiie

(2) uc trrra gurrcctur' m
(tt in rarnc mca

(3) uiticlio ticum
gfaluatoie meu

Reverse. Scrolls (i) and (2) are cut out of portions of a fine
marginal inscription in raised black letter, c. 1460, and respec-
tively bear the words :

(i) u anfflie i ffrancie

and the first stroke of another letter.

(2) flfuit q? I 0craicio rcg:

(2) and (i) may possibly read contmuously.

Scroll (3) is from a portion of an inscription to Drye,

citizen of Norwich, 1510, and is the work of a local engraver.

.... it tirpc mm /13ortoici
.... n<3 ^ tini W V X

Loose in the church chest in i8g8,

S.A.LHOUSE.

Now lost. Reproduced from a rubbing in the collection of
the Society of Antiquaries.

Obverse. Inscription to Henry Tyllis, c. 1540. Size of plate,
8x2 inches. The work of a local engraver.

^ic 3|am l^cric' tj^llP

Reverse. Another inscription to Richard Gardener, chaplain
c. 1500. Also the work of a local engraver.

139

Crate u ciia Eccartii (Bartirncc
Cap'li cni' alt ppicict' tic' ^mc.

JHHtEj) flm'torDnsfiriiran;

Palimpsest Inscription formerly at Salhouse, Norfolk.

One-half full size.

The rubbing is endorsed, " this was in the church chest at Sal-
house, Norfolk, the reverse thickly covered with pitch," but
unfortunately no date is given.

Sall.
Obverse. A mutilated and worn inscription to Geoffrey
Melman (?), c. 1480. Size of plate in its present condition,
9f X 2f inches. The work of a local engraver.

Cerate p iTiabj (Balfritii ^clmaii (?) t . . . .
feiiiptib? tci I mcrcmio (?) qua carpct'o (?) ac . . . .

Palimpsest Reverse of Inscription, Sall, Norfolk.

About one-half full size.

I40

Reverse. A small fragment of a Flemish brass consisting of a
portion of the head of a lady with braided hair and parts of the
diaper work of the cushion on which her head rested. Date
c. 1400.

Loose in the church chest in i8go.

Shimpling.

Obverse. Inscription to Thomas Le Grys, Gent., 1692, aet.
60. Size of plate, 'Sk X 35 inches. Nave floor.

Thomas Le Grys Gen'
Obiit 27^'° Septembris
Anno ^tatis s\jje 60
Annoque Dom : 1692

Reverse. Another inscription to Anthony Le Grys, Gent.,
son of Robert and Susan Le Grys, 1598. The work of a local
engraver.

Here lyeth bvryed the corps
OF Anthony Le Grys gent yonger
son to Robart Le Grys & Svsan
his wife : He ended this life the
2oT« OF December 1598.

This plate has been inaccurately relaid, so that the earlier
inscription now appears. The explanation is thus given by the
present rector, the Rev. J. W. Millard : " The brass became
loose in the time of my pre-predecessor, Mr. Harrison (about
sixty years ago), when the earlier inscription was revealed, and
he, thinking that Anthony had the first and best claim, replaced
the brass with the earlier inscription uppermost, but it was a
mistake, for, according to the registers, only Thomas was buried
in the church." See a communication by the Rev. H. E. Field
to the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society,' vol. iii., p. 2ig.
The Rev. C. R. Manning, F.S.A., in Norfolk Archtsology, vol. x.
p. 202, gives the following account of the plate : " There is no
entry in the register of the burial of Anthony Le Grys in 1598.
The brass does not fit the indent in the stone, and it is thought
probable that it belonged originally to some other church. The
Le Grys family lived at Billingford and Dickleburgh. Ihe brass
is a palimpsest, and there is an entry in the burial register signed
by Henry Harrison, rector, 1830, stating, after recording the
above [i.e., the 1598] inscription, that 'on the reverse of the same

brass is also the underneath inscription, Thomas Le Grys, Gen :
obiit 27'"° Septembris Anno aetatis suae 60, annoque Dom : 1692.'
This Thomas was buried here, and the entry is in the register,
' Tho : Le Grys, Gent., was buried Sept. 28, 1692.' The older
brass, therefore, of Anthony, brought from elsewhere, was used
for him."

SOUTHACRE.

In 1889, six fragments from the brass to Sir Roger Harsyk,
1454, and wife Alice, were in the custody of the then rector.
These fragments consisted of (i) the hands holding an inscribed
heart, the upper portion missing; (2) and (3) portions of the scroll
issuing from the top left-hand corner of the heart and bearing the
words, UtliCili Cil ; CiCrUO tUO tine ; (4) a portion of the com-
memorative inscription on a scroll, ^{\ XlXiUtl^ t SiliCi ', (5) the
end of this scroll with the letter Z of "Alicie," and an orna-
mental twist ; (6) the continuation of the scroll with the words,
011c qUOr' aiall? DpiCtCt' tintCf am. Two of these fragments are
palimpsest. No. (i), the hands and heart, bears on the reverse the
mutilated head of a civilian, c. 1400, and (5), the twist of the
scroll of the centre part of the commemorative inscription, has on
the reverse three letters of a Flemish marginal inscription.

The casement for the Harsyk brass still remains on the
Chancel floor. It measures 5 feet 6 inches x 2 feet 6 inches and
shows the indents for the arms, hands, heart, with three scrolls
issuing therefrom, and two fine achievements of arms in the
centre of the stone, the commemorative inscription, on a twisted
scroll, is below, and at the four corners are shields of arms.
This slab, together with the existing fragments and the palimp-
sest portions, is illustrated in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass
Society, vol i. part x. pi. 3.

Trunch.

Now lost. Recorded in the Rev. H. Haines' List of Monu-
mental Brasses, p. 232, as then (1861) in the possession of Mr.
Bayfield, of Norwich. It is also entered in the Rev. E. Farrer's
List of Norfolk Brasses, p. 114, as then (1891) in the same gentle-
man's hands. Mr. Bayfield is since dead and all trace of the
brass is now lost. There is a rubbing in the collection of the
Society of Antiquaries.

142

Obverse. A mutilated and much worn inscription to Walter
Bownyng (?) or Bowmont (?) and wife Melicint (?), 1473. Size of
plate, i2| X 3I inches.

(ItLlaltrri Bobin^no: (?) i ^elicit (?) uroricf

obiit Wmo quarto liic

. . . 9^° <^€€€' ^^^1131 qwor' iiiiili^ upicict' He' nmc.

Reverse. A fragment of a Flemish marginal inscription bearing
the letters CI + t\W^ + ft + enclosed by two narrow fillets
ornamented with quatrefoils, roses and leaves. The inscription
is divided by a large quatrefoil enclosing a shield bearing the
letter W in base, and a crescent and mullet on flanches in chief.
Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's
Monumental Brasses and Slabs, p. 149.

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
Nether Heyford.

French inscription and two shields to John Mauntell and
wife Elizabeth (Heyford), c. 1400, formerly on a high tomb but
now on the Chancel floor. One shield only is palimpsest. It
measures 5I x 4^ inches, and bears on the obverse the arms of
Heyford, (Gu.), a maunch (arg.), and on the reverse the arms of
MoNTACUTE (Arg.), three fusils conjoined in fess (gu.), quartering
LoNGESPEE (Az.), six Uoucels rampant (or). Both sides of the
shield are engraved in the ArcJasological Journal, vol. ix. p. 300,
and at p. 385 of the same volume the late Mr. W. S. Walford
suggests the quarterly coat to be intended for the arms of William
de Montacute, second Earl of Salisbury of that name, who died
in 1397, or of William his father, the previous Earl, who died in
1344, but in this latter case engraved much later.

Probably the shield was a " waster," rejected for some fault
in the heraldry. The shield bearing the arms of Mauntell is a
modern restoration, the original having disappeared. The in-
scription has also been filled in with composition and the
palimpsest shield fastened down.

NORTHUMBERLAND.

No palimpsest noted in this county.

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.

No palimpsest noted in this county.

143

OXFORDSHIRE.

Checkendon.

A small piece, 3^ X 2 inches, of the marginal inscription to
John Rede, 1404, was loose in 1897. On the obverse it bears the
letter li^ of the surname Rede, and on the reverse a small cross
and the first stroke of a letter. This piece has since been re-
fastened in the casement. The writer is indebted to Mr. J.
Challenor Smith, F.S.A., for this note.

11.

Obverse. A mutilated inscription to Edmund Rede, Esq.,
patron of the church, and wife Cristine, 1435. Size of plate in
its present condition 18J x 3^ inches.

^k mtt (Etimuliu0 Eetie ^rmiff* nc patron' mi' tzzMz

qi obiit \iii\° tiie ^

CEt Cricftina ur' ti' que obiit iTbiii^tiic Sl^arcii ^° tini Sl^°

<t€<^€''^^^V

Reverse. A portion of a side shaft of a canopy with half a
figure of a female saint, crowned, and holding the shaft of some
weapon in her hands. This figure is probably intended for
St. Margaret, the shaft being that of the spear or cross with
which she is usually represented slaying the monster at her feet.
Above the figure is a fine crocketted canopy with a background
of masonry. This fragment is of English workmanship, c. 1400-20,
and was probably a " waster." The brass is now fixed down in
the Chancel with keyed screws. Both sides of the plate are en-
graved in the Transactions of the Monumental Brass Society, vol. iii.,
p. 87.

144

EWELME.

Obverse. Inscription to Henry Lee, fuller and citizen of
London, and wife Alice, 1494. Size of plate, 18x4!^ inches.

^rate p ^lafa^ i}cnrici ILtt ffuloiti0 zt tM^ Eoutiou ihi
^epulti XXI ttm tie abneclj^ccl) zt aiicie ucociefeiugf l)ic Ja
cet qui {sic) obiit ^' tini 9^° CCCC° Iriaa-iiij till tiic
Sl^arcii

Reverse. A small portion of the upper part of the canopy of
a fine Flemish brass, c. 1360. In the upper tabernacle work is
the small figure of an angel playing on a musical instrument.
The main arch of the canopy is crocketted with oak leaves and
acorns and carries a pattern of running foliage, whilst the back-
ground and part of a cushion are richly diapered with foliage
work and seated dogs, or perhaps monsters. The inscription ran
round the edge on a narrow fillet, but only the initial cross
appears.

The brass, which is on the floor of the South Aisle, is now
fastened down by keyed screws. Both sides of the plate are
illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing
Society, vol. i. frontis.

Goring.

A civilian and wife, c. 1600, with three sons and five daughters.
Now fastened to the Chancel wall with a modern inscription
ascribing the brass to members of the family of Whistler,
of Goring. It is engraved in H. W, Taunt's Goring, Streatley,
and Neighbourhood, p. ig, and P. G. Stone's Goring Church and
Priory, p. 8.

The children only are palimpsest. The plate bearing the sons
measures 7x6 inches, and that of daughters 7x8 inches.
When placed together the following inscription is on the reverse :

Here liet
of Langf
who dece

H Walter PIrunes

ORDE Gent
ASED The 2
Ano Dni

LEMAN

5 DAY OF

1594

{Daughters) {Sons)

Now fastened down. The palimpsest is engraved in Stone, p. 7.

145

Mr. Percy Manning writing on the brasses at Goring^ notes
that " the brass to Walter Prunes, gent,, 1594, and his wife
Mary, daughter of Thoby Playdell, of Great Faringdon, 1609,
still remains in Langford Church, Berks," and conjectures that
" it is possible that the original inscription, which only recorded
the husband, was discarded for one which included both husband
and wife, and found its way to the brass-sculptor's workshop in
consequence."

Ipsden.

Obverse. Thomas English, in armour, and wife Isabel, both
died in 1525, and both slightly mutilated, inscription and shield
of arms.

Only the figures, measuring 18 inches in length, are palimpsest.

Reverse. The male figure is cut out of the upper portion of a
much larger figure of a lady, c. 1420. She wears a small crespine
head-dress with veil, a kirtle with tight-fitting, closely-buttoned
sleeves, and a high-waisted gown fastened by a plain girdle, and
having a falling collar and large surplice sleeves. Her head forms
the feet of the armed figure.

The figure of Isabel English is cut out of an inscription
in Latin verse of about the same date as the figure of the early
lady, to which it may or may not have belonged. There are
fragments of five lines, but three are much cut about.

uit^[ta]pilton (?) ^pouefa Joljlg?

(tn 3Ioljri morte niit Ijcregf tentmq} gfub anni&
[C]t plurc0 miti pat' Ijnc micfcfale lejyauit
[^] int (?) rpo ffrati ncim oieef cfanctificauit
t

The name "Stapilton" is a little doubtful but may be correct.
It was first suggested by the late Mr. H. Haines.

The brass has at some time been relaid in a modern freestone
slab within the altar rails, and quite recently the loose pieces have
been fixed down with keyed screws by the Oxford Society. Both
sides of the plates are engraved in the Journal of the Oxford
University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i., pis. xxv., xxvi., pp. 253, 254.

' " Monumental Brasses in the Deanery of Henley-on-Thames," in the Journal
of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i., p. 246.

146
Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel.

Obverse. Inscription to John Caly, M.A., fellow of the college,
1515. Nearly effaced. Size of plate, 8^ x 2| inches.

-SDrate p ala 31cp£f Cal^ m'c I artibj

$ q°ntiam fioti' Ijui' coIUq' q' obiit

. . . I'unii ^° ^^ V rt cut' ale ppic' He'

Reverse. A portion of another inscription to Isabel, wife of
Fyscher, citizen and clothier, 1464.

^rate p aia Jgfalielle ffp^cljer ....

ff^0cl)ec tiniQ $ panarii tiu bir . , .

Hie 31umi ^° tini a^' CCCC Iriiii . . .

Loose in the bursary in 190 1.

II.

Obverse. Effigy, 37I inches in height, and inscription 31I x
4I inches, to Arthur Cole, S.T.B., president, and canon of
Windsor, 1558. Engraved in J. G. and L. A. B. Waller's Series
of Monumental Brasses, pt. xiii. (effigy only).

Reverse. According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monu-
mental Brasses, pt. ii. p. 170, there is on the reverse "a priest
in chasuble, &c., an inscription to Robert Cobbe, citizen and
tailor of London, 1506, and wife Margaret, and part of another
inscription."

The writer has been unable to find any rubbing, or to gain
any additional information. The brass was "restored" about
the year i860, when a new head was added, but the firm
who carried out the work kept no record of the reverse.

Oxford, St. Mary Magdalene.

Richard Ham den and wife Alice, 1524 ; on reverse of inscrip-
tion another inscription in French to Margaret Holgote, fourteenth
century. Now lost. See the Journal of the Oxford University
Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 178, for a paper on the " Brasses
in the Church of St. Mary Magdalen," by Mr. Percy Manning,
M.A., F.S.A., who quotes from Wood's MS. (Bodleian), F. 2ga
fol. 333b, as follows :

147

" On another [marble stone] under the pictures of a man and
a woman is this engraven, on brass plates :

" Pray for the sowles of Rychard Hamden, Esquire, & Alys
his wyffe, of whose sowles Jesu have mercy : which departed
An. Dom. 1524.

" The said Alice was sometime the wife of Georg Havell of
this parish Brewer, and I think shee lived after 1524."

" Note y' when the brass (on which the said inscription was
engraven) was some yeares ago taken up, I read this french
inscription engraven on the other side : ' qi pur Lalme Margret
Holgote cy prye devoutement en ciel done Luy soit graunde joye
de dieu Lomnypotent.'

" So y' by this it shews y' the said brass had been fastnd to
another grave, but whether it lay'd here or in another church I
know not."

II.

Obverse. Inscription to Jane, daughter of Thomas Bassett,
Esq., of Hince, Staffs., and second wife of Robert Fitzherbert,
Esq., of Tissington, Derbyshire, 1574. Size of plate, 14 x 6
inches.

^zxz lietlj burieti tlje botipe ot Jane ffitjljerbert
gfeconn toiffe of Eobart ffit^Ijcrbert of %mi\\Qto\\
i\\ tlje cauiitpe of 2Derbie C^qiiiec nun one of tlje
2Daug:l)tcr0 of '(]]:ijoma0 Ba^^ett of i^ince i\\ tlje
countie of ^tafforli Cefquier. W^) 3Iane Dj^eti tlje 27
of October in tlje peee of our loetie dSoti 1574

Reverse. Portions of a sixteenth century Flemish or Dutch
inscription, the five upper lines in raised letters, and the five
lower in incised letters.

Ill

orjyljeleii 0p . . .
metteii lutie (n) . .
te Deelc xiii . . .
te toetteii ij . . .
3In tie0e l^au . . .
cElke ffoetie ....
tail jno:lje0e ...
pautoelfif till . . .
liaclj : %t\\ bi . . .

148

A border running round three sides of the lower half of the
inscription shows that this is complete as regards the number of
lines.

The brass is now in a wooden frame in the Vestry. Both
sides of the plate are illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford
University Brass Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 179.

Oxford, St. Peter-in-the-East.

In the Gentleman's Magazine for 1841, pt. i. p. 270, a corre-
spondent "J. I." under date March, 1841, reports the discovery
" under old pews not long since removed " of a loose brass plate
having on its obverse side the following inscription :

ft oTatj " ^rate pea animabugf gio^flvii^ C^^ttofe cibigf t^
01 ^1 pamtjlrii ^ontioit {iensis) J'^'^s ^-^

-i/ ^ Kicartii ^^aton^aru armijyein uefuncti nup^^tie fwrn*

and on the reverse the following verses :

, •' ^txxitK terra tfg:at '^zx^H prccat (« remittat)

iHtvwAy ^m\i\ji^ u^ ^abeat ^iti^x^ agft^ (petat),"

s^vuT^ / " The italic letters are supplied from conjecture, the end of the

a^t" / brass being imperfect."

The brass is mentioned in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monu-
mental Brasses, pt. ii. p. 173, no doubt from this reference, as
the entry is marked with a dagger showing that he had never seen
either the brass or a rubbing. From a paper on the brasses in
this church published in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass
Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. igS, it appears from the authority of
Wood's MS. that the Latin verses should be the obverse and the
inscription the reverse side, and the conjectured word " remittat "
should read " resumat." Wood's account' is as follows : " On a
broken marble stone with this inscription on a brass plate, with-
out any name :

" ' Terram terra tegat demon peccata resumat

' Mundus res habeat spiritus astra petat.

' As you be so was I, pray you for me

' For as I am so shall you [be, so] requyryth charyte.' "

Wood's MS. (Bodleian), F. 29a, fol. 348c. The brass is also described in
T. Hearne's Collections, vol. i., p. 135 (Oxford Historical Society, 1884).

149

The plate with the two English verses still exists but the
other plate has disappeared.

II.

Obverse. Richard Atkinson, alderman and five times mayor
of Oxford, also a justice of the peace and quorum, 1574, in civic
mantle, and two wives, the second named Annes, the first
unnamed, with a group of five sons and six daughters, and a foot
inscription. The male effigy is 22^ inches in height, the female
19J inches, the children ii x 6 inches, and the inscription-plate
28 X 4f inches.

All palimpsest.
Reverse. This, with the exception of one piece, is composed of
the upper portion of a large late sixteenth century Flemish brass,
very little earlier in date than the obverse side. When the
various pieces are arranged together the result is a double canopy
with central pillar and flat-topped arches. Under the dexter
arch is an achievement of arms, the shield charged with . . a
tower . . , the crest being a beast's head, the former is represented
as suspended from the helmet by a ribband and the mantling is of
the florid and ornate character usual at this period. The sinister
arch encloses two cherubs holding a lozenge charged with . . a
tower . . . impaling . . a fess . . .

The odd piece, which forms the larger portion of the children,
9x6 inches, is a fragment of a Dutch or Flemish inscription in
raised black letter relating to the foundation of a mass and a
dole and reads thus :

. . . (e)n natv tier }tlntv moef^eit gfal liic prejst ....

. . . t<st cotiitiiam^tren tanticr }cluev l^tvkiO

. . . nt pric0terir. W, 0'. bi. ti'. 0:'. altiig na ....

. . . intcQtev0 ten Dcieit Ijoiyljeix tiineii ba

. . . te toetene em faroot ban. ii. 0:'. eu c (?)

. . . aecm0tc man0 en. ti. tie acrmjs

n al0 ti . . .

Mr. H. K. St. J. Sanderson gives the following translation of
this inscription ^ :
"... and after the said mass shall the priest ....

. . . daily servitors of the said church

. . . and priests 7 shillings 6 deniers of grooten always after ....
. . . masters at the three high seasons of ... .

... to wit one loaf of two grooten and

. . . poorest men and the six poorest "

' Trans. Mon. Br. Soc, vol. ii., p. 144.

ISO

The brass should be on a high tomb in the North Chancel
aisle, but in 1901 the plates were loose at the clerk's house.
Both sides of the brass are engraved in the Transactions of the
Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii. p. 144, and on an odd sheet
issued by the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society in i8g6.

Shipton-under-Wychwood.

Obverse. A quadrangular plate, 27^ x 19 inches, with recum-
bent figure of Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Thomas Tame
and wife of Edmund Home, Esq., 1548, in shroud, lying on the
floor of a panelled room with a small flat, arched canopy above,
from which hangs a large shield charged with arms of Horne
(Arg.), a chevron engrailed (gu.) between three unicorns' heads erased
(az.), impaling Tame (Arg.), a dragon (vert) and a lion (az.),
crowned (gu.) combatant, quarterly with Clifford, of Frampton,
CO. Glouc, Chequy (or) and (az.), on a bend (gu.) three lions passant
guardant of the first, ivith a crescent . . for difference.

Below is an inscription in twelve English verses :

C5i0 picture presfcntptljc to ^o^^ Eememberanre

%iz lajste 0emblptutie of alle ^o^ hz'rsiti^ auti fame

<aU0o Ijit ^pitffnet'j'etlj tlje moctall cl)aunce

of CUjabetlje uouffljtec $ Iie^'er of Cljomaef 'Eame

toljiclje 0umtj?me bja0 tlje Uece anti lotpnge tojjffe

£)f cnmoittie l^orne (E0qu5er tietorpuffe all ^ei* liffe

to^ojse mortall botip uoto congfumpti to nugfte

toais labile Ijere in graue agf b^ nature neD' l)it mu^te

3|it tbe itxt off Cljrpgftpef Jncarnacpon

^ t^oto^antie fpbe buntirpti fort^ aim epffbt

C^e x*b of ^U0:u)3t Ijer bertbuef enclpuac^oit

brouffljt Ijer to tlje place of tlie eternall Ipg^t.

Reverse. The plate is composed of two pieces, the top
5 inches in width, being blank. The remainder, 22^ x 19 inches,
consists of a black letter inscription, in 22 lines, confirming a
grant [in 1494] of a messuage in the parson's [fee] at Aylesbury
to the wardens or masters of the guild or brotherhood, otherwise
called the Fraternity of the Glorious Virgin St. Mary, Our Lady
of Aylesbury, by John Stone and his wife Alice, for dirges to be
sung yearly on the 23rd of April and masses on the following day,
the vicar to have eight pence, the other priests and clerks two
pence, and the masters two pence ; but if any default be made

iSi

then the wardens or masters of the parish church shall take over
the messuage and its appurtenances and cause the said dirges
and masses to be performed.

[To] all trewe faythfuU & cristen pepull whyche shall see here

beholde o"" rede thys p'sent
[wrjytyng John Stone & Alyse hys wyffe send gretyng in o"-

lorde eu'lastyng be it knowen
[b] y C univ'site that we have gevyn g'nted & cofirmed by

chartc & season ys of delyv'ed to the
[w] ardens or masters of y^ guylde or of the brey'hed otherwyis

called y^ frat'nyte of the glori'
[V']gyn seynt marye o"" lady of ayllesbury a mese w' the

apportenncys lying i the p'sonys
[fee ?] i ayllesbury i man' forme & codicione here folowyg y' is to

sey that if y^ sayd masters
themselfe or by y^ att'neys whatsoeu' they bee I the p'bendall

churche of this blessyd
[m] ary o"^ lady of ayllesbury aftyr y^ man' & usage of y^ churche

of salesbury soleply to be kept
[si] nge for y sowles of the said Johii and Alyse hys wyffe

dyryges yerely the xxiij day of
[a] pryll i tyme to come & alwey to endure & on y^ morowe the

messes in lyke wyse then
[They ?J to enioye y*= seyd mese w' this also that [they ?] geue

unto y« vicarye of y seid churche
[ye] rely for y« tyme beyng viiiti & distribute to other p'stys &

clarkys syngyng the
masses ij'i yerely at y^ place & days aforesayd & more ou' if the

seyd masters or
att'neys whiehe (sic) for y« tyme shall be to sup'vide or ou'see

the p'mysses take for y=
[la] burs ij'^ that then the forseyde mese w' thap'tynn'cys holy

remayn to the seyd
[m] asters & y^ successors for eu'more & if defaute be made yn

the p'mysses or in aney of
[the] m at any day o'^ on y^ morowe after aney of theys days

o"^ of aney of y^ morowys a
[for] e seyde yn whiehe as it is p'mysed it owth to be done & kept

y' then y^ forseyd John &
[Al] ys my wyffe aforesayd wyll & graunte y' the wardens o"^ the

masters of y*= sayd p'yshe churche

152

[of] ayllesbury whiche for y= tyme shall bee take ynto y^ handes

all ye forseyd mesa [w' th] er apporte
[nc] es & yt they recey ve season yn y same to fynde y* dyryges

& masses I man' & forme w'l wrytn
. . . they & ys successors i the office of y« sayd churche do
cotynellie y*= same by tymes eu'more to edure
The first two or three letters in each line are obscured by the
solder used to fasten the two pieces together.

The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the wall of
the North Aisle. Both sides of the plate are reproduced in the
Portfolio of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society, pt. ii. pi. 6.

Stanton St. John.
Obverse. Inscription to Anne Frene, 1524, on a plate with
curved sides, 12 inches in length at the top, y^ inches at the
bottom, and 4|- inches in width. The lettering very rude, prob-
ably the work of a local engraver.

pre^ for ^^ gfoU of aitne frene
W Hrpartrti j^^ err of otore
lortie a m cccccrriiij

Stanton St. John.

About one-quarter full size.

Reverse. The shoulders and hands of a large early figure of a
lady, c. 1350 (?). Loose at the Vicarage in 1901. The brass was
removed from the Church about the beginning of the last century,
but returned in 1869.^

' See Proceedings of Society of Antiquaries, 2 S., vol. iv., p. 339.

153

Waterperry.

Walter Curzon, Esq., [1527] , in armour, and wife Isabel,
daughter of Robert Saunders, Esq., of Harrington, Northants,
with eight sons and seven daughters, a commemorative foot
inscription, four shields, and a marginal inscription with text
from Job. The daughters and foot inscription lost, and the
marginal inscription mutilated. An appropriated and altered
brass, originally representing a man in armour, and wife, of date
c. 1445, and closely resembling the brasses at Cheddar, Somerset,
to Sir Thomas Cheddar, 1442^ ; West Grinstead, Sussex, to
Sir Hugh Halsham and wife, 1441^; and Etchingham, Sussex,
to Sir William Echyngham and wife, and their son Sir Thomas,

The male effigy, 43 inches in height, has been provided with
a new head and shoulders ; the palettes which originally protected
the armpits have been partially erased, but can still be easily
traced ; additional plates have been added to the breastplate, and
the edges of all the various pieces have been invecked and
shaded. The taces have been converted into a mail skirt with
tonlettis, but on these latter the lines of the taces can still be
traced. Plates have been added to the kneepieces, gussets of
mail inserted at the insteps, and the pointed sollerets have been
rounded. The lion, dagger and sword are untouched except for
the addition of some ornamental work to the pommel and chape
of the latter.

The female effigy is 41^ inches in height. The upper portion,
igl" inches, is either a new plate or the old one turned over and
re-engraved. The lower is the original plate unaltered except for
the addition of some slight shading and the insertion of the long
chain and pomander box.

The groups of children, and also the shields, judging from
their shape, were probably added at the time of the appropria-
tion. Of the foot inscription there is no record. The marginal
inscription is curious as giving an unusual rendering of the text
from Job xix., 25-27, and also as an early instance of the use of
the emblems of mortality, each word being divided by a skull
and crossbones alternately, and the whole terminating with the

'Engraved in the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd.,
p. 190 (detail) ; Proceedings Somerset Archaological Society, 3 S., vol. iv., p. 44.
- Engraved in the Rev. C. Boutell's ]\Iotiumetital Brasses.
^ Engraved in the Port/olio of the Monumental Brass Society, No. V., pi. 3.

154

initials W. C. A fragment of this inscription bearing the words
"visuri sumus" was loose in 1845, but has since been lost; on
the reverse were the words " [A] ugusti mense Kam,"^ from which
it appears probable that the original inscription has simply been
reversed.

The brass has been fully discussed in the Architectural Guide
to the Neighbourhood of Oxford, pp. 251-263 ; Proceedings of the
Oxford Society for Promoting the Study of Gothic A rchitecture, Easter
Term, 1845, pp. 5, 6, 22-29 ) Journal of the Oxford University Brass
Rubbing Society, vol. i., pp. 1 16-120; and is engraved in the
Architectural Guide, p. 253 ; Proceedings of the Oxford Society, S'C,
p. 25 ; The Oxford Manual for the Study of Monumental Brasses,
p. 16 ; The Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd.,
p. 44 ; and the Oxford Portfolio of Monumental Brasses, pt. i., pi. 4.

RUTLAND.
No palimpsest noted in this county.

SHROPSHIRE.

No palimpsest noted in this county.

SOMERSETSHIRE.
No palimpsest noted in this county.

Engraved in The Proceedings of the Oxford Society for Promoting the Study
of Gothic Architecture, Easter Term, 1845, p. 25. The word " Kam" seems to
be an error.

155

STAFFORDSHIRE.

Clifton Campville.

Obverse. Half effigy of a lady (a widow [?] ) in veil head-dress,
wimple, kirtle, and mantle, c. 1350-60, on a bracket. The stem,
canopy, shields, and marginal inscription lost. The figure with
bracket, measuring 25^ inches in height, is engraved in the
Rev. C. Boutell's Christian Monuments, p. 139. The slab

formerly in the
centre of the Chan-
cel has recently
been shifted into
the South Chantry
chapel now used as
a Vestry.

Reverse. A por-
tion of the centre
of the figure of a
large cross-legged
knight, c. 1300, in
banded mail, with
Clifton Campville, Staffs. surcoat fastened

About one-twelfth full size. round the waist by

a cord. Just above this cord is a fragment of the mail mittens
showing that they were slipped ofif the hands and hung down as
in the case of Sir Robert de Septvans, at Chartham, Kent. A
broad belt with a large buckle encircles the hips and supports
the sword, one quillon of which appears. The hawberk is slit
in front showing the quilted hacqueton below, and the knee-
pieces are richly ornamented with a diaper of foliage work.
This figure was probably a " waster " and used up again in the
workshop.

The brass is now loose in the vestry, both sides of the plate
and also the slab are engraved in the Reliquavy, N.S. (1891),
vol. v., p. 181.

Okeover.
This interesting, but much mutilated brass, an excellent
example of a palimpsest by appropriation and alteration, may
best be considered under two headings, (i) the original memorial
as laid down by the Zouch family, and (2) the appropriation and
alteration by the Oker family.

156
No. I. The Zouch Memorial.

The brass as originally laid down commemorated William,
fifth Lord Zouch of Harringworth, and his two wives, Alice
Seymour, who died in 1447, and Elizabeth St. John. As will
presently appear the brass was laid down soon after the death of
his first wife, Alice Seymour. The composition consisted of the
figure of Lord Zouch in complete plate armour, bare headed,
with his head resting on his helmet, probably once surmounted
by his crest, an ass's head, bridled and haltered, a small nick in
the dexter boss of the canopy marking one of the ass's ears.
The figure belongs to a well-known type, of which there are
good examples at West Grinstead, 1441s and Etchingham, 1444^,
both in Sussex. At the feet of Lord Zouch is his famous family
badge, an eagle or falcon standing on the branch of a tree
raguly. The seal of Lord Zouch appended to a document in
the British Museum (Add. Charter, 21,871), dated 1430, bears
Quarterly L and IV. Zouch, II. and III. Seymour and Lovel
quarterly. The helm is surmounted by the crest, an ass's head,
bridled and haltered, and the shield is supported by two eagles
or falcons, each standing on a branch raguly.^ The seal of
William, fourth Lord Zouch, shows both badge and crest, but
that of John la Zouch the crest only. A standard of John la
Zouch, temp. Henry VII., has the badge immediately following
the cross of St. George in the head of the standard, and the field
semy of asses' heads, with the motto VIRTVTE : NON : VI."

Lord Zouch's first wife, Alice Seymour, is represented on the
dexter side, she wears the small horned head-dress and veil, a
kirtle with close-fitting sleeves, and a fur-lined mantle fastened
across the breast by a cord with hanging tassels. At her feet
are two small dogs with collars of bells. The second wife,
Elizabeth St. John, is on the sinister side, her costume is iden-
tical® with that of Alice Seymour, except that she is represented
with long flowing hair encircled by a narrow fillet. Figures with
long flowing hair are generally considered to represent maiden

' Engraved in Boutell's Monumental Brasses of England.
'• Reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. 5, pi. 3.
^ This seal is engraved in Proceedltigs of the Society of Antiquaries, 2 S., vol.
xvii., p. 52,

* Engraved Ibid., p. 53.

* Messrs. Waller say this figure has "a gown with loose hanging sleeves," but
this is not the case.

157

ladies, but occasionally married ladies are so represented, as at
Wilmslow, Cheshire, 1460,^ Mugginton, Derbyshire, c. 1475^
and Tattershall, Lincolnshire, 1479.'' The effigy of Anne of
Bohemia, queen of Richard II., in Westminster Abbey Church,^
and that of one of the wives of John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester,
1470, in Ely Cathedral Church,'* show the same peculiarity.

The canopy is a fine triple one with embattled cornice below
the figures. On the main finials are shields of arms, and from
the evidence afforded by these it is possible to identify the second
wife. Of the three shields below the figures there is no record,
as they were entirely renewed by Oker in 1538.

The marginal inscription can only be partially recovered, the
fragments read thus :

+ ^it iaceitt CLclUllmcf 3Dngf %(\ 50uc[l)]

, . CL<^(^(Z.° Ct 2Dna Alicia [uror zim filia]

} l)[nTef y^ili] \sm tic ^e^mo>^ [m] .... que obiit rrf

[Hije [meii]0' JwMi ^° tiiti a^° <^<Z(t<^ [ribii]

€€■"" ^mf aiab? p'picictur

titm ^[nten]

The words in brackets, now lost, are from a rubbing in the
collection of the late Sir A. Wollaston Franks, and now in the
possession of the Society of Antiquaries of London. This
inscription is valuable as giving the date of the death of Alice
Seymour. It also shows that three dates were intended to be
recorded, but two of these were never filled in.

To return to the heraldry, the most interesting piece of
evidence in relation to the persons commemorated by this brass
appears on the two shields on the main finials of the canopy.
These shields are a hoiiche, long and somewhat narrow, approach-
ing the square shape, with the outlines produced by a series of
concave lines. On brasses they are early examples of this form
of shield, but instances occur on seals at this date and even
earlier.

The shield on the centre finial is divided into three coats per
pale : the centre Zouch, gules, hezanty and a quarter ermine ; the

' Engraved in Boutell's jMonuinental Brasses of England.

' Engraved in Archa:ologual Journal , vol. xxxi., p. 375; and J. C. Cox,
Churches of Derbyshire, vol. iii., p. 218.

^ Engraved in Gough's Sepulchral Moniitnents, vol. ii., pi. xcviii., p. 267.
* Engraved in Gough's Sepulchral Alonumenls, vol. i., pi. ixii., p. 163.
' Ibid., vol. ii., pi. Ixxxix., p. 226.

iS8

dexter Seymour, argent, two chevrons gides, quartering Lovel, or,
semy of crosses-crosslet, a lion rampant azure ; ^ the sinister St. John
of Bletso, as in the next shield to be described.

The shield on the sinister finial contains a very curious com-
pound coat of St. John of Bletso. It is divided perfess, and the
upper part again divided per pale, with the arms of Beauchamp
of Bletso : gules, on a fess between six martlets or, a mullet sable pierced
of the second, on the dexter ; and those of Patshull of Bletso :
argent, a fess between three crescents gules on the sinister. The lower
half of the shield is completely filled with the coat of St. John
of Bletso : argent, a bend gules, on a chief of the last two midlets
or pierced of the second.^ The shield on the dexter side appears to
have been renewed by Oker in 1538. Its loss is much to be re-
gretted, but it may fairly be assumed to have borne Seymour, as
in the dexter impalement of the centre shield.

William, fifth Lord Zouch of Harringworth, succeeded to the
barony on the death of his father in 1415, made proof of age in
1423,^ and was summoned to Parliament from 1425 to 1462, in
which year he died. His first wife was Alice, only daughter and
heiress of Richard, Lord St. Maur or Seymour, by Mary, daugh-
ter and heiress of Thomas Pever, of Toddington, Bedfordshire,
and widow of John Broughton.'* She was a posthumous child,
born on the 24th of July, 1409, in the house of Thomas Cressy,
citizen and mercer of London, in the parish of St. Lawrence,
Cripplegate, and there baptised.' She made proof of age in 1423,
being then married to Lord Zouch,'' by whom she had two sons
and two daughters, and, as the inscription tells us, died on the
2ist of July, 1447.

Lord Zouch's second wife was Elizabeth, a daughter of Sir
Oliver St. John of Bletso, by Margaret, daughter and heiress of
John Beauchamp of Bletso.'' She survived him, and afterwards

' The arms of Lovel were quartered by Seymour through the marriage of Sir
Nicholas de St. Maur with Muriel, daughter and heiress of Richard Lovel, Baron
Lovel of Gary. This quartered shield of Seymour is shown on the seal of Lord
Zouch.

- These two shields are engraved in the Proceedings of the Society of Anti-
quaries, 2 S., vol. xvii., p. 55.

^ Calendarium Inquisitionum post mortem (Ed. 1828), vol. iv. , p. 82.

^ G. E. C's Complete Peerage, vol. vii., p. 24, under St. Maur.

■' Ibid., and Banks' Z>^;'wa«/ and Extinct Peej-age, vol. ii., p. 518, from a
pedigree of St. Maur on the claim of Sir Gecil Bishop to the barony of Zouch of
Haryngworth, before the House of Lords {Sessions Papers, vol. viii., p. 259).

^ Calendarium Inquisitionum post mortem (Ed. 1828), vol. iv., p. 82.

' Harl. MS. 1074, printed in Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, vol.
vi., p. 213 ; G. E. C.'s Complete Peerage, vol. vii., p. 86, under Scrope of Bolton.

159

married, as his second wife, John le Scrope, fifth baron Scrope of
Bolton, K.G. She was living in 1489, when she is mentioned in
a petition of John, seventh Lord Zouch, for a partial reversal of
his attainder, as " Elizabeth, wife of John Scroupe, Knt., Lord
Scroupe of Bolton, grandmother of the said Lord Zouch." ^

To understand the St. John shield, it is necessary to carry the
pedigree of this family a step back. Roger Beauchamp of Bletso,
who died in 1379-80, married Sybil, one of the daughters and a
co-heiress of William de Patshull, and through her inherited the
Bletso property. His great-grandson, John Beauchamp, married
Edith Stourton, and left two children, a son, John, who died
young and unmarried, and a daughter, Margaret, who, on the
death of her brother, became heiress to the estates, and carried
them by marriage to Sir Oliver St. John of Bletso, by whom she
had three daughters, Edith, Mary, and Elizabeth, and two sons,
John and Oliver. On the death of Sir Oliver St. John, his widow
married John Beaufort, first Duke of Somerset, and by him had
an only daughter, who subsequently became the mother of King
Henry VH. Margaret's third husband was Lionel, Lord Wells.

That the brass commemorated Lord Zouch and his first wife
Alice Seymour, is proved without doubt from the fragments of
the inscription, but until the discovery of the arms on the two
shields there has been an uncertainty as to the identity of the
second female figure. This uncertainty is now removed, as the
heraldic evidence proves the figure to represent Elizabeth St.
John, second wife and subsequently widow of Lord Zouch.
From the costume of the figures and from the general style the
drass must have been laid down within a very few years from
the death of the first wife, and it may be that the second wife
chose to have herself represented with long flowing hair, in order
to show that she was the living, or possibly the younger in point
of years.

Where the brass was originally laid down and how it came
into the possession of the Oker family the writer has been unable
to discover, but possibly it formed part of some monastic spoil
purchased by Humphrey Oker and converted to his own use.

No. 2. The Oker Memorial.
The Zouch brass, still in its original slab, having passed into
the possession of the Oker family, was now converted into a

' Rottili ParlianientorHm, vol. vi., p. 424.

i6o

memorial for Humphrey Oker, Esq., who died in 1538, his wife
Isabel, a daughter of John Aston, Esq., and their thirteen
children. The canopy remained untouched except that two of
the shields were reversed, the notch a louche skilfully filled up,
and the Oker arms in the one case, and those of Oker and Aston
impaled in the other, engraved on the plates. The third shield
seems to have been renewed or perhaps rubbed down and the
Zouch charges completely obliterated, it was also broken at the
upper dexter corner, so a new piece was brazed on, and the
impaled arms of Oker and his wife engraved on the reverse.
The new corner piece was cut out of a larger figure and shows
lines of drapery.^

With regard to the figure of Lord Zouch, portions of the
body armour were cut away and a tabard charged with the Oker
arms made in the indent thus created. The upper part of the
helmet with its crest was removed, or may have been previously
lost, and the Oker crest — an oak tree eradicated — together with
the word ^ktV substituted. This crest is cut out of an older shield
bearing a cross fleury between two martlets in chief, perhaps the
part of a shield with the arms attributed to Edward the Con-
fessor.^ The lower part of the helmet belongs to the original
figure, and strangely enough the Zouch badge was allowed to
remain at the feet of figure.

The lady on the dexter side remained unaltered and passed as
Isabel Oker, but the lady with the long hair on the sinister side
was not wanted, so her figure was reversed, and thereon were
engraved the Oker children in three rows, each child with its
name beneath.

SDotorat^e

The head and shoulders of the figure were filled up with the
impaled shield of Oker and Aston placed on an oak tree, together
with an inscription stating the shield to represent

%\\t armH0 of iSDker anti Sl^ton

' See Portfolio of The Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix., pi. 6. Reverse of
shield B.

^See Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix. pi. 6. Reverse of
Oker crest.

^Wn

Eoffirr

laauf

il^icola^

3ol)n

Eob't

^illm

C5om0

i6i

It may also be noticed that the heads of the small dogs at the
lady's feet have been filed off. The shields below the figures
appear to have been wholly renewed. The centre one bears the
arms of Oker, and the other two, Oker impaling Aston. The
one and a half now remaining are cut out of some large figure
and show lines of drapery on the reverse.^

The marginal inscription was simply reversed piece by piece
and re-engraved for Oker. It is imperfect, but the following
remained about 1855 :

+ i^fre unticr tljp0 jstottc l^etlj b

€)feer t^qii'^tt mmt^mt Eorti of €)ker aitu 31 Cabell \^^&
topfe Uotoff^ter of Joljix ^0to t&qn^tv $ 2Dame (Elefabet^

1)^0 tD^fe tlje toljiclje ^umf tieceefs^ti tljc ia*b tia^ of

SiT^vcU tlje ^crc of our lorti

gfouleis $ ^U crieftcn efoul' 3^11 Ijaue m'ci ante

The arms of Oker are Ermine, on a chief gules three bezants ;
and those of Aston argent a fess and in chief three lozenges sable.

About the year 1857 the whole brass was stolen from the
church, and the fragments which were recovered were mostly
broken into pieces ready for the melting-pot. In all, fifty-five
pieces were rescued, but the interesting armed figure from the
centre had disappeared, and no trace of it has since been found.
The figure of one lady was recovered perfect, but only about
two-thirds of the other, and that in twenty-one pieces. The
canopy and inscription were also broken up, but the majority of
the former, and eleven pieces of the latter, as well as the three
shields from the finials, and one shield and half a shield from the
lower part were saved. All the fragments were for many years
preserved in the neighbouring hall, but in 1897 the present repre-
sentative of the Oker family had them securely fixed to an oak
board and replaced in the church, the palimpsest parts being no
longer visible. The original slab, formerly in the chancel,
disappeared some years ago during a " restoration."

A beautiful plate of the brass as the Oker memorial, but with
the inscription very imperfect, is included in Messrs. Wallers'
Series of Monumental Brasses. The brass has also been reproduced
in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, pt. ix. pi. 4, the
Zouch memorial ; pi. 5, the Oker memorial; pi. 6, as in 1897;
and in the Portfolio of the Oxford University Brass Rubbing Society,
pt. i. pi. 6, the Oker memorial ; pi. 6a, the palimpsest portions.
' Iduf. Reverse of shields C and D.

l62

SUFFOLK.

Ampton.

Obverse. A lady, c. 1490, facing to the dexter and slightly

mutilated. She wears
a butterfly head-dress
and a gown edged and
trimmed with fur,
open at the neck and
with close-fitting
sleeves. Height of
effigy 12 inches.

Reverse. A portion

of the lower half of

the figure of another

lady, c. 1470, in gown

edged and trimmed

with fur and having

full sleeves. Probably

a "waster " from the

workshop.

Now fastened to
Ampton, Suffolk. ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^

One-quarter full size.

Bury St. Edmunds, St. Mary,

Obverse. Inscription to WiUiam Fairclyffe, 1600. Size of
plate, 17x3 inches. Local.

^ecuntiec Ipetf) t^e boDp of ^lilliam ffaircl^ffe

^B^ 1600
of bur^ ^t c^timuutisf ^e liieti t^e xxii of a^arcfj

The engraver having miscalculated the spacing has interpolated
the date between the two lines.

Reverse. A portion of another inscription to Eleanor Wynn,
c. 1400 (?)

^k mzt (Elianora ?L21^nn quontiam ur . . . .
que obiit rb bir mtmi^ martii a° bni Sl^°

Loose in the vestry in 1903.

i63

COOKLEY.

Obverse. William Broune, 1587, buried in *' Reindam "
church, and wife Margery, 1594, with 4 sons, 4 daughters, and
foot inscription; their son, Richard, placed the memorial in 1595.
Nave floor.

Reverse. So far as at present known only the plate, 6x5
inches, bearing the daughters is palimpsest, having on the reverse
a fragment of an English inscription of about the same date as
the obverse :

HERE LIETH ....
GENTILMAN . . .
FRANCIS SCRO . . .

Probably a " waster."

Denham.

Obverse. Anthony, third son of Sir Edmund Bedingfield,
1574, with foot inscription. Size of figure, 24^ inches ; of inscrip-
tion-plate, 2 if X 3 inches.

Reverse. The late Rev. C. R. Manning made the following
communication to Notes and Queries, 5 S., vol. xii. (Nov. 29, 1879),
p. 428 : — " In Denham Church, Suffolk, is the brass of Anthony
Bedingfield, 1374. The plate is two feet in height and represents
him in a gown. This brass was stolen a few years ago, but has
now been fortunately recovered and replaced. It is found to be
(so to speak) a palimpsest. The reverse is the extreme lower
portion of a much larger Flemish brass, representing the feet
and flowing robes of apparently three persons, with part of an
inscription :

Hie iacet dopnus Jacobus

Wegheschede natus de

bergis monachus professus

T . . . sacerdos huius monasterii

qui obiit

" At each end of the inscription is a small coat of arms, viz.
I. and IV. apparently, ermine, three lozenges (the ermine spots
nearly as large as the lozenges), II. and III. chequy (of nine

1 64

squares). From the lettering and drapery it does not appear to
be much earlier than 1500."

The brass is on the Chancel floor, but the palimpsest is now
fastened down and the writer has been unable to see any
rubbing.

Hadleigh.

Obverse. Inscription in twenty English verses to Rowland
Taillor, D.C.L., rector of Hadleigh, and martyr, 1555. Brass
engraved c. 1560 (?). Size of plate, 22 J X 15^ inches. Mural.
North Chapel.

(Bloria in alti^gfimigf \ito
^t Kotolann 'ZITaiUor^ fame g 0\}t'oit

an txczUtnt SDeti^nir
Sin\i 2Doctor of tiic Cibill latoe

a preacher rare anti t^m
l^in^t ^enrpe anti I^inge CUtoarli' Ua^egf

preacfier anli pardon Ijcre
^\iat gate to (I3oti cont^nuall praise

anti kept lji0 flocke in feare
ianti for tl)e trutlje ronuempneti to Upe

^e toajEf in fierce flame
?lflli^ere Ije receiteti pac^entlie

die torment of t^e efame
anti 0trong:lie gfuffreli to t^entie

CLQll)ic!je matie tfie 0tanner0 b^
%tio^cc in (Eoti to gfee t^eire frentie

anti paeftor 00 to ti^e
<SD Caillor toere t^ie m^g^tie fame

^prig^tlH l)fee inroltie
^l)ie SDeeUe^ te^erbe tijat tlii0 gooti name

toere jsip^ereli iitvt in goltie.

^biit anno tini. 1555.

Reverse. A portion of a large Flemish brass, c. 1500, showing
the head, shoulders, and hands of a civilian, with a richly
diapered background of foliage work. On the upper left-hand
side is the lower portion of a figure in a long flowing robe,

i65

probably part of an angel who may have been supporting a
shield above the man's head. Immediately below this figure
is the head and a portion of the stem of a cross. The outer

Hadleigh, Suffolk.
Reverse of Inscription to Rowland Taillor.

About one-fifth full size.

border, of which a small fragment remains, appears to have
carried the inscription on a long-curved scroll, the bottoms of
two letters may be seen at the top left-hand corner, the space
between the curves being filled with foliage. The civilian is
represented with long curly hair and wears an embroidered
doublet with a chain round his neck and a gown faced with fur.
Both sides of the plate are engraved in Proceedings Suffolk Institute
of Archeology, vol. iii. p. 6i.

Halesworth.

Obverse. An inscription, mutilated, to John Browne, of Hales-
worth, who died August 23rd [1581J, aged 80 years and 25
weeks ; by his only wife he had 6 sons and [10] daughters, he
had also 65 grandchildren, 54 being alive at the time of his death.
Size of plate in its present condition, ii| x 6^ inches.

i66

^tve l^n^ 31ol)n Brotone ot ^allt^

qupet Ipte anH tiieti tlje rriij of ^uju

of t!)affe of %dBdB^ ^ear^jS anti 3^5BF toea , . . .

U^ om\^ toiffe toitl) tofiom |)c l^beD

pearegf anti ffite monetljcef 0ir 0

tiaug:f)trr0, i)e liauti al0o Ut ffran

liiii toere libing:e at tl)e tia^e of I)

Reverse. A portion of a large Flemish brass of early sixteenth
century date, with part of a figure of a civilian, a diapered back-
ground and a fragment of the marginal inscription, it 0tCVt . , . ,
with an outer border of foliage.

Now fixed on a hinge on the wall of the South Aisle. This
inscription together with the upper part of a lady, a group of

Halesworth, Suffolk.
Reverse of Inscription.

About one-fourth full size.

six sons and a mutilated group of ten daughters, no doubt the
wife and children of John Browne, were recovered from the river
Waveney in 1825 as recorded in the following modern inscription :

" These brasses were dragged out of the river Waveney
in the year 1825, at a spot called the ' roaring arch ' at the
second bridge on Earsham dam ; and fell into the hands
of Rev^- S. Blois Turner, by whom they have been restored."

SURREY.
Betchworth.

A shield, 52 x 4f inches, found amongst rubbish in the
churchyard, but now in the British Museum. For many years it

1 6;

was in the possession of the late Mr. Albert Way who communi-
cated the following note to the Archcsological Journal, vol. xii.
p. 293 :

" Impressions from a palimpsest brass escutcheon, found in a
very decayed condition, amongst rubbish in the churchyard of
Betchworth, Surrey. The two faces of this plate are here

represented. The more
ancient, possibly engraved
about the commencement
of the fifteenth century,
presents a merchant's
mark, composed of the
letter H, terminating at
top in two streamers,

which cross so as to re-
Palimpsest Shield from Betchworth, , , -rxr t^, „

' semble a W. The up-

oURRKY

About one-fourth full size. strokc is traversed by a

bar terminating in a cross at one end, and at the other in a
symbol of frequent occurrence in these marks, which bears
resemblance to the Arabic numeral 2.

" The obverse of the escutcheon found at Betchworth presents
the bearing of the Fitz-Adrians, who held the manor of Brockham
in the parish of Betchworth, under the Warrens. In the
Visitation of Surrey by Clarencieulx, temp. Henry VIII. (Harl.
MS. 1561, p. 3),' the arms of Adryan, Lord of Brockham, are given
thus : Arg., two bars nehiUy sa., a chief cheqiiy ov and az. The chief
was doubtless derived from the Warrens, whose feudal tenant,
the Fitz-iVdrians, or Adyans, appear to have been. The fashion
of the escutcheon here represented, however, is of much later
date than the time when the male line of the Adrians failed,
according to the statement in Manning and Bray's History of
Surrey, vol. ii. pp. 209, 211, namely, between 1356 and 1378,
when Thomas Frowick, who married the heiress, succeeded
them,

*' The south side of the chancel at Betchworth has belonged
from time immemorial to the manor of Brockham, and the plate
may have been one of several coats afBxed to some memorial of
the Frowicks, there interred."

The charge on the obverse side is clearly, Vair. a chief chequy.
Both sides of the plate are engraved in the Archcuological Journal,
as above ; Gentleman's Magazine, vol. xliii. N.S. 1855, p. 270; and
Surrey Archaological Collections, vol. xv. p. 28.

' .See P't'si'/ations of Surrey, Harleian Society, vol. xliii. p. 229.

i68

Camberwell St. Giles.
I.
Obverse. Inscription to Edward, son of John Scott, Esq.,
1538. Size of plate, 2oi x 2f inches.

€)f [^o»^ cl)arite p'^' for f jsoullc] of Ctitoarli ^cott on of

^f lEfoneef of ^Joljir
^cott (E^quier toijicljc Ctibjarti nece^gf^li ^^ ,ia*u*t1i tia^ of

»)eptlbc ano tini

9^°tmfxxx\}im [on to^ogfe gioulle $ all x^tw jsouir 3||u
l)aue merc^e].

The words in brackets have been defaced, but so Hghtly as to
be easily legible.

Reverse. Composed of two pieces of brass, one, 4 inches in
length, is blank, the other, i6i inches in length, is a portion of an
inscription to John Ratford, citizen and glover. The fragment
reads thus :

^iz iacet 3Jol)' Katforn €ini^ tt Cirot

obiit xxix° tiie meit0' ^eptembci^ tm\X9i ai . . . .

Cirot . . . = cirotecarius or chirothecarius, a glover, from
chirotheca, a glove or gauntlet. There is no date on the fragment,
but the style of lettering places it in the last half of the fifteenth
century. Of John Ratford himself the writer has been unable to
find any information.

The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the back of the
choir stalls on the North side.

II.

Obverse. An inscription and shield of arms to Margaret,,
daughter of Matthew Keleatt, gent., of Surrey, and wife of John
Dove, by whom she had five sons and four daughters, and died
on April 22, 1582.

The inscription, i6| x 5 inches, is as follows:

^zu l^rtlje bur^eti tl)e Boti^ of Q^argarrt 2Dobe
topfe to 3Ioljix 2Dobe tiaug^ter of S^atljeto I^eleatt
of ^ucrcp (gentleman, anti l)ati 3|00ue h^ t^e jefaiti
31ol)n t) ^ounesf ann iiij 2Dauo:ljter0 $ Ueceagf^en
tit xxH na^e of ^prill ^nito tiomini 1582

The shield, 6J x sk inches, bears the arms of Dove, Per
chevron (az.) and (vert) three doves volant {arg.), impaling Keleatt
or Kellet {arg.), on a mound [vert) a hoar passant [sa).

169

Reverse. This inscription and shield of arms are cut out of
portions of a large Flemish brass of very late fifteenth or early
sixteenth-century work. The inscription consists of a portion of
an ornamental border containing two small figures of monks as

Palimpsest Inscription, Camberwell, Surrey.

About one-fourth full size.

" weepers," and a portion of a Latin inscription on a scroll with
a twisted end. Only four words remain, as follows :

^10 + bino + mtwQt + »)tcuuti'

The background is filled with a diaper of foliage work.

The shield shows a mere fragment of a figure. The ground-
work is divided into large squares,
and resting on this is a naked foot
and the endof some drapery, most
probably a portion of a figure in a
shroud. The base and portion of
a shaft of a canopy also appear.
An early example of a brass of
this type occurs in the Cathedral
at Bruges, to Joris de Munter
and wife, 1439. It is figured in
the Rev. W. F. Creeny's Monu-
mental Brasses of the Continent of
EtiYOpe, p. 25. In the church of
St. Jacques, in the same city, is
another to James and Kateline
Bave, 1464, and at Lubeck is one
as late as c. 1550, to two unknown persons.

The brass is now in a hinged oak frame on the back of the
choir stalls on the North side. The reverses are figured in
Surrey Archaological Collections, vol. xv. p. 31.

Palimpsest Shield,
Camberwell.

About one-third full size.

170
Cheam.

A man in armour with collar, c. 1480, and two shields. Wife
and inscription lost. This may be the much-worn brass mentioned
by Lysons, with small effigies of John Yerde, who died in 1449,
and wife Anne, who died in 1453. If so, it must have been laid
down some years after the date of their death, for the costume
certainly points to a date between 1475 and 1480.

One of the shields, 3f x 3J inches, is palimpsest, on the ohvevse
m m\ w it bears the arms of CouRTENAV

Jill ^1 1| WXi^ impaling Yerde. On the reverse

F^ Bi I I . ' is a merchant's mark of simple

design which may be intended
to form the initials of T.H.
This has now been fastened
down, the small figure of the
man and the two shields having
been inlaid in a new stone.
Both sides of the shield are illustrated in Surrey Archaological
Collections, vol. iii. p. 339.

Cheam, Surrey.

About one-third full size.

II.

Thomas Fromondes, Esq., 1542, in civil dress, and wife
Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of John Yerde, Esq., with six sons
and four daughters, all kneeling, a representation of the Holy
Trinity, an inscription, and three shields of arms, two of which
are lost.

The whole of this brass is palimpsest, being made up of
various fragments. These are respectively lettered A, B, C, &c.,
on the accompanying illustration.

A. Obverse. The representation of the Trinity.

Reverse, Two hands issuing from clouds and holding a heart,
inscribed : 31 ^C ^Sft ^lllOC 1110'. This is again encircled by a

scroll, inscribed: libera me line tie morte

and in the upper angles are the words, ^I^U Itt'e^.

B. Obverse. Shield of arms, with Fromondes quartering
Ellenbridge and impaling Yerde.

Reverse. A fine early shield bearing the arms of the See of
Lincoln.

Oou0l}tn^Hnirl)fperof |otrti'pt?itr<?liiitp?r\i)ini1if Gliomas' ^frrlTpiJiJie!

Obverse of Brass to Thomas Fromondes, Cheam, Surrey.

172

C. Obverse. The figure of Thomas Fromondes.

Reverse. The right elbow, hands, and lower portion of a lady
kneeling at a desk. The girdle with its long pendent end is well
shown.

D. Obverse. The figure of Elizabeth Fromondes.

Reverse. The lower portion of the kneeling figure of a civilian
with long gown and rosary hanging from belt.

E. Obverse. The four daughters.

Reverse. A few engraved lines making the outline of a face,
probably only scratching on a waste piece of brass.

F. Obverse. The six sons.

Reverse. A small piece of canopy work with about three-
quarters of the figure of St. John the Evangelist.

G. Obverse. The inscription.

Reverse. The greater part of a shrouded figure of a man.

All the fragments, with the exception of the arms of the See
of Lincoln, may be dated between 1500 and 1520. The shield
bearing the arms of Lincoln is much earlier, probably about
1420.

The brass is now hung in a wooden frame so that both sides
can readily be examined. It is preserved with the other brasses
and monuments in the Lumley Chapel, the only part of the old
church now remaining.

In the Stirrey Archceological Collections, vol. iii. pp. 340, 342, are
lithographs, full size, of the obverses and reverses of A. and B.,
and at p. 342 is a woodcut of the figure of St. John, Both sides
of the brass are reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass
Society, part iv. pi. 5, and in the Surrey Collections, vol. xv. p. 33.

III.

An inscription to Bartholomew Fromondes, " nuper de
Cheym," 1579, with two shields.

The two shields, 5^ x 4^ inches, are palimpsest, having on
the obverse the arms of Fromondes, and on the reverse another
coat charged with two bends. Both are alike. The shields are
now fastened down, having, together with the inscription, been
inserted in a new stone.

COBHAM.

Obverse. A man in armour, c. 1550, bareheaded, and with
long beard. Nothing is known of the person commemorated by

173

this brass, but it has sometimes been attributed, on the authority
of Manning and Bray,' to one James Sutton, " bayle " of the
lordship, who died in 1530. The figure is 24I inches in height.

Palimpsest Brass at Cobham, Surrey, c. 1550 and c. 1510.

About one-eighth full size.

Reverse. The greater part of a priest, c. 1510, in eucharistic
vestments holding a chahce and wafer ; the former, which is of
large size, is inscribed on the bowl with the words CECitO lit 311'^^'
and the latter bears the word 3Il)i2f.

The brass is fixed with movable screws to a pillar in the
South Aisle. Both sides of the plate are engraved in Brayley
and Britton's History of Surrey, vol. ii. 408 ; the Rev. H. Haines'
Manual of Monumental Brasses, Introd., p. xlvi. ; and the Surrey
Archcsological Collections, vol. xv. p. 34.

' History of Surrey, vol. ii. p. 738, " In the chest is preserved a brass with the
figure of a man bare-headed, long beard : Of your charite pray for the soulles of

James Sutton tytne bayle of this Lordeshippe and Mawde his ivyfe which

the xii day of fuly y' yer of o'' Lord God M. V'^xxx. and the sayd M

the day of the yer of our Lord God M, V^ ," This inscrip-
tion is now lost.

174

HORLEY.

On the floor of the Chancel, but removed from the North
Aisle, is the large and fine brass of an unknown lady, possibly
some member of the Salaman family. The figure measures

4 feet 6| inches in height, and stands under a fine single canopy,
the size of the whole composition being 7 feet 7 inches x 2 feet

5 inches. The lady is represented wearing a large horned head-
dress and veil, an undergown with turned-back collar and full
sleeves gathered into a broad band at the wrists, a high-waisted
overgown also with a turned-back collar and very large surplice
sleeves. Round her neck is a small collar of SS. with a trefoil-
shaped fastening. The date is c. 1420. At the feet of the figure,
on her right-hand side, was originally the small figure of a child,
most probably her son, but this is lost ; the only indications left
being the rivets which held the figure, the small mound upon
which it stood, the indent of one foot upon the lady's gown,
and the square cut in the folds of the dress for the bottom of the
tunic. A similar instance of a son standing besides his mother
occurs on the fine brass to Lord and Lady Camoys, 1419, at
Trotton, in the adjoining county of Sussex.

The original inscription, measuring 23 x 5| inches, together
with two shields between the pinnacles of the canopy, is lost.
At some period or another, possibly in 1516, another inscription
has been added at the feet of the figure, so that it now purports
to represent one Joan, the wife of John Fenner, gent., who died
in 1516. This later inscription, measuring 18 x 5^ inches, reads
thus :

€)t ^0"^ cljarite pra^ far tljc efoulc of "^oltan ffeniur
latt to^f of "^oin ffennec jycnt' tD^ic!)e 3Io5an
necegfefeli t^e ii tia^ of 31wlp ni t^^ jere of our ^orU
Sl^°t)a*bi on to!)O0e 0oule 3^11 Ijauc mercp aimn.

Strictly speaking, this brass should not be classed as a
palimpsest, because there is an absence of proof as to the date at
which the the Fenner inscription was placed below the figure.
If placed there in 1516, it is a palimpsest in the sense of appro-
priation ; but, on the other hand, the inscription may have been
throwing about loose in the church, and have been placed it its
present position through ignorance.

The figure of the lady, together with the canopy, but without
the Fenner inscription, is reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monu-
mental Brass Society, part iii, pi. 4.

'75
■ Sanderstead.

Obverse. A group of ten sons, c. 1520, now placed above the
inscription to Nicholas Wood, 1586, but probably belonging to
the brass of John and Dyones Awodde, 1525. Size of plate,
6f X 5^ inches.

Reverse. This shows a few lines of drapery only, and it is im-
possible to give a more exact definition as the rubbing, the only
one known to the writer, in the Collection of the Society of
Antiquaries is very poor and unsatisfactory.

The brass has been relaid in a new stone on the Chancel
wall and the palimpsest part fastened down.

II.

Obverse. Inscription to Nicholas Wood, third son of John at
Wood, of Sanderstead Court ; he served Queen Elizabeth since
the second year of her reign and died in 1586, leaving a wife and
nine children, viz., Harmon, John, Nicholas, Thomas, James,
John, Richard, Alice and Suan probably intended for Susan.
Size of plate, 18 x 5^ inches.

^tu l^etf) il^pcljolas ^ooti t^t tljirtic cfoitite
of J^a^n at ^ooti of ^auiiticr^tcti Cocte tnljo jscrbcti
^wzm CUjabrtlj mw^s tlje 0cconti ['care of ijcr
Ea^ite $ t!fmi0£fen tljc ili/td of ^aj^' 1586, anti Icftc
bcljinut Ijim a toife aiili cljillircix ix, bi^ 0oitiiie> : i^acmoii
31ol)u. iliicljola^, ^Ijomef, 3amc0, 31oijn. Eicljarti, a.llief
anti »)uan

Reverse. Another inscription to Nicholas Pury, Esq,, a mem-
ber of the Middle Temple, 1585.

rb tiie ^arcii ann° mi 1585.
ClauDituc l)oc tcmplo i^icolaim ^ur^nijs Ijcrocf
anniffcr zt ^empU qui mctiii 0ociu0 ecat
Bcati qui in SDomino moriuutur.

As the dates on the two inscriptions so nearly coincide it may
be surmised that the inscription to Nicholas Pury was rejected
for some reason or another and became a " waster," soon to be
reused.

This plate has been relaid in a new stone on the Chancel wall
and the palimpsest part fastened down. Of the latter there is a
rubbing m the Collection of the Society of Antiquaries.

176

III.

Obvevse. Inscription, now lost, to Henry Pollestede, gent., of
Pirllew, citizen and merchant-tailor of London, 1556.

An impression preserved in the collection of the Society of
Antiquaries shows the plate as broken at one end. In its muti-
lated state it measured 16 x 5 inches. The missing words are
given by Aubrey, in his History of Suvrey, vol. ii. p. 74, and are
here shown in brackets :

^tu Eeeftitlje f boti^e of ^enr^e ^ollegfte [tie late]
oC pirlletD gcntilma ^omtj^me 'tim^tiw i m[acc^ant]
taj^lor ot iloiitio tuljiclj !l^enr^e neptptie i^^ i*r[b Uape]
of tieceber ^ii° ^,V'%V% o toljojse gfoule Jlju [Ijaue
merc^].

Reverse. According to Manning and Bray's History of Surrey,
vol. ii. p. 576, this consisted of another inscription to William
Bycklay, who died in 1467. The inscription is thus given by
these authors :

Bycklay Wiirmics facet hie sub tnarmore victus
Et hie regimen p' quo rogo funde p'cani^
Anno post B : : d'ni hie migrat ab urbe
MLXV. C. dni quater ij simul adde-

In vol. iii., Appendix, p. 158, is the following note: "On
looking over the effects of the Parish Clerk, who died suddenly,
his friends found in his house the plate which had been on
Pollestede's gravestone broken in two. It was afterwards given
as a matter of curiosity to Mr. Barnes, who presented it to Mr.
Glover. The plate has been returned by Mr. Glover to the
church, and is now fixed in a frame, so that both sides of it may
be inspected, and it is suspended against the wall." As before
stated the plate is now lost.

Walton-on-Thames.

Hanging on the wall of the Chancel is a board to which is
now fastened the brass of John Selwyn, " gent' Keeper of her
Ma'is Parke of Oteland' vnder y^ right honorable Charles
Howard Lord Admyrallof England," 1587, and wife Susan, with
their surviving children, five sons and six daughters. The brass
is of an ordinary type ; but one plate between the heads of the
principal figures is of more than usual interest, as it displays
a feat of agility performed by John Selwyn at a stag-hunt in the

177

presence of Queen Elizabeth. It is said^ that Selwyn, " in the
heat of the chase, suddenly leaped from his horse upon the back

No, I.— The Reverse, No, 2.— The Obverse.

Palimpsest Plate, Walton-on-Thames,

About one-fourth full size.

of the stag (both running at that time with their utmost speed),
and not only kept his seat gracefully, in spite of every effort of the
affrighted beast, but, drawing his sword, with it guided him
towards the Queen, and coming near her presence, plunged it in
his throat, so that the animal fell dead at her feet,"

This small plate measuring 8J x 7^ inches, contains two
representations of this feat. No, i, thenverse of the plate, shows
Selwyn, with a short beard, without hat, and holding with one
hand the stag's horns, whilst with the other he plunges the
sword into its neck. This side is lightly engraved and appears to
have been submitted for approval and rejected. No, 2, now the
obverse of the plate, shows a much more spirited representation of
the scene. Selwyn wears a hat and cloak, and keeps his seat
without holding the horns of the stag.

Impressions of both sides of this plate are in the collection of
the Society of Antiquaries. The brass is also figured, with both
sides of this plate, in the Antiquarian Repertory, ed. 1807, vol. i.
p. I, and without the pahmpsest portion, in Brayley and
Britton's History of Surrey, vol. ii. p. 328 ; Illustrated London News,
vol. X. No, 268 ; The Bazaar, Dec, 8th, 1893 ; and the palimpsest
plate alone in the Surrey Archceological Collections, vol. xv. p. 38.

The original slab, said to have been dug up in the North
Aisle, has now disappeared.

' Antiquarian Ref<ertory, vol. i. {

^. I.

178

SUSSEX.
Etchingham.

Obverse. Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Thomas and Margaret
Echyngham, 1452, and Agnes, daughter of Robert Oxenbrigg,
1480, with foot inscription. Size of inscription-plate, 18 X 3I
inches.

Reverse. According to the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of
Monumental Brasses, pt. ii., p. 209, the inscription bears on its
reverse another inscription to Thomas Austin, son of Thomas
Austin, citizen and mercer of London, 1405.

l^ic iacet Tl^oma^ Sinmn filing 'clliome ^u0t[in]
quontiam ciui0 et merceri' Eontion qui obiit rrtii[tiie]
ttun0' ^aii ^" Dili 9^° €<Z€(l''V cnV axe piciet* tigf

[amen]

The brass is now in the South Aisle securely fastened down
and the writer has been unable to see any rubbing of the reverse
or to trace the source of Mr. Haines' information.

RODMELL.

Obverse. Inscription to John dela Chambre, Esq., 1673. Size
of plate, i8| X 3i inches.

HERE LYES THE BODY OF JOHN DE LA CHAMBRE
ESQ'' WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE
4TH DAY OF DECEMBER 1673.

Reverse. Another inscription to John Broke and his wife
Agatha, a daughter of John Rademelde, and formerly the wife of
Richard Weyvyle.^ Agatha died in 1434, and the inscription
states that she and her husband John Broke were benefactors to
the church.

^ic iacmt ^oljejs Brofee $ Sfptlja nx' tiu0 fiUa ^oW

U Eatiemeltie
$ uror imp ]!^m Mc^n^fU, ^ut obiit xi° tiie ^p'ligf

^° nnf 91^°CCCC"
xxxiiii. qui multa cotuUt Ijuic ttclit quoc' alali^ ppicift'

ticu0. ^mcn.

It would appear that the representatives of John de la Chambre
annexed a brass already in the church and converted it into his
memorial. The plate is now on a hinge on the South wall of the
South Chapel.

' The will of Richard Weyvyle, of Rademeld, Sussex, is in P.C.C, Manke 40.

179

TiCEHURST.

A large figure, 34|- inches in height, of a man in armour,
c. 1370, in bascinet, camail, &c., to which has been added two
small figures, 18 inches in height, of ladies in kennel-shaped
head-dresses, &c., engraved c. 1510, and an inscription, 24 x 3I
inches, to John Wybarne, Esq., who died in 1490, and his two
wives Edith and Agnes. The inscription, which may possibly be
the one belonging to the early figure turned over and re-engraved,
reads thus :

€)rate pro ^mn^ 3|ol)i0 (LOlj^barne ^cmig'i (Eliitlje et

^g:neti0 conefoctu
0uarum qui quitiem 31 "^P^ cl^iit ^^^^^ tiecimo W ffebcuarii

^nno Eiffui {sk)
Ecffief ^enrict »)eptimi quiuto quorum ^idbuef propicietur

ticugf ame

Agnes Wybarne, by will dated 20 February, 1502, and proved
25 November, 1503,' desires her body to be buried in the Chancel
of Ticehurst church in her husband's grave there, before the
image of our Lady, and directs her executors "To bye a con-
venient stone to laye upon my husband John Wybarne's grave
and myne."

The executors seem to have appropriated a stone already in
the church, and as this stone contained the figure of an armed
man it was easy to add the female figures and the inscription, if,
indeed, it is not the old one turned over, and so carry out the
instructions of the will.

The brass lies on the Chancel floor, and is figured in the
Sussex Aychceological Collections, vol. viii., p. 17 ; Transactions of the
Monumental Brass Society, vol. ii., p. 224; and The Connoisseur,
vol. i., p. 165.

WiLLINGDON.

Obverse. Inscription to Mr. Robert Parker, third son of Sir
Nicholas Parker, of Wallington (error for WilUngdon), died
January 18, 1618-19, aged 18. Size of plate, i6|- x 4! inches.

Here lyes the body of M"* Robert
Parker third sonne to S"" Nicholas
P'ker of Wallington K''who died y 22
OF Ian : 1618 being 18 yeares of age.

'P.C.C, 26 Blamyr.

i8o

Reverse. A portion of another inscription dated April i6,
1618, to an unknown person who died in the seventeenth year of
his age.

IN ASSVRED HOPE OF A BETTER : THE iG^" OF APRIL
1618. IN THE 17"^" YEAR OF HIS AGE.

De Seipso
Caelica quae vivo dederat spes guadia (Christo
Avspice) iam cum spes desinit esse frvor.

Probably a " waster." The plate is fixed on a hinge on the wall

of the North Aisle.

l8i

WARWICKSHIRE.

ASTLEY,

Obvevse. A broken and mutilated inscription to John Crugge,
son of William Crugge, of Exeter, gent., 1533, and wife Barbara.
Size of plate in its present condition 20 x 5^^ inches, originally
23I inches in length.

[€)f ^^o"^ c]ljarite puii]i' for [» f^otoU' of JoljiX Cntjjffr 0oii

[of IcUillm Cruffffc]
[Iiitc o]f (Ei'C0t' ffrntilma i Barbara Ijistoif bjljidjc Joljii

Cruffffc [nicti ax t^rrc]
[fclti I] 11 f Countic of ^iliti f rbii) Da[' of nrmnbcr

^11' Uni W >^' ^^m t
[f pere o]f ?'f rcijyu of Iv^'ng li^enrp j>' cigljt lattlj t ^"^

gfaiO Barbara OicD [^'f]
[ n]a)' of an° tini 9^° >Jc o toljooc

fifouir 311)" Ijaue \\\[i^ a.]

The words in brackets are supplied from an old rubbing in the
collection of the Society of Antiquaries. This rubbing is
endorsed thus : " This inscription is on a brass plate on the East
side of the Nave of Harefield church and the figure is supposed
to be under the new boarded floor." The Astley plate exactly
corresponds with this rubbing in every detail and must, sometime
during the nineteenth century, have been transferred from Hare-
field to Astley, the Newdegate family having held property in
both places. Lysons, in his Parishes in the County of Middlesex,
p. 117, also mentions the tomb of John Crugge as at Harefield,

l82

" on the floor of this chapel (Brakenbury) is the tomb of John
Crugge, of Exeter, gent., who died in 1533. He married
Barbara, daughter of John and Amphelicia Newdegate." Why
this plate should have been transferred to Astley remains a
mystery, for the church of Harefield is full of Newdegate brasses
and tombs. Possibly it became loose and was taken to the house
for safe custody, and then removed to the Warwickshire home of
the family, when it was placed in Astley church by error, its
original home having been forgotten.

Reverse. This consists of a portion of the representation of a
shrouded skeleton of a woman. The plate has been much cut
down, but the lower part of the jaw, the ribs, pelvis, and thigh
bones are clearly shown ; parts of the elbow and of the left hand
also appear, showing that the arms were held straight to the
sides as is usual in this class of figures. The date is c. 1500.

The plate is now fixed in a copper frame so as to show both
sides.

Haseley.

Effigies of Clement Throkmorton, Esq., 1573, in armour, and
wife Katherine, daughter of Sir Edward Nevell, groups of six
sons and seven daughters, five shields and marginal inscription.
On a high tomb in the Chancel. So far as is at present known
only the sons and a portion of the marginal inscription are
palimpsest ; these are now fastened upon hinges so that both
sides may be examined. In all probability the remainder of the
brass is also largely palimpsest.

The group of seven sons, 8;^ x 7 inches, is engraved on two
pieces of metal, the smaller strip, 81 x i^ inches, containing the
feet of the figures is blank, but on the reverse of the larger piece,
81 X 5f inches, is a mass of pinnacle work from the upper part
of a canopy of a large Flemish brass of late fourteenth century

date.

The strip of the marginal inscription, 22^ x i^ inches, bearing

the words SDecember in tljc pcrc of our Eortie (Boti ^i

<^<^<^<^<^ is cut out of the lower part of the figure of a
civilian, c. 1450, of English workmanship. Portions of the pen-
dent end of the girdle and of the fur-lined opening at the bottom
of the tunic can just be seen.

i83
WESTMORLAND.

MORLAND.

Obverse. Inscription to John Blythe, vicar for thirty-five years
and four days, died January i6, 1562. Size of plate, 2o| x 5 *
inches. .

91oljii Blprljc l['brti Ijcrc hvciw of tljic? Cljurdjc bv tljc
0Piifc of rrub pcros * lii) tiapcs anti 3Dcparr)i'ti tijicf
Ij'ff tljc ubj Del)' of Jaiuuin' in tljr )'rrc of our lortir
cBon iJl^^ cccccluij on loI)O0c clonic Jlju Ijauc m'n' amc

,1iil)ni3lj)tl)iiiJBfti l)rirBpmuot*tl)i!e»<iIiiin1if tin tiir

lliiff ti)^,^l3) iiH]i of IrtiuiariLin Wm nf uur toiDr *<
<&oiri}| td^sc If q onUiljofrfoule 31311 ijaur^ii aiii?

Pammi'sest Inscription, Morlano, Westmorland.

About one-fifth full size.

Reverse. A portion of a quadrangular plate of English work-
manship bearing the figure of a son in armour, bareheaded and
a portion of another armed figure, probably the father, as it is
much larger in size. Below is a fragment of the inscription :

€^ratr pro an ....

rt ^j'billr wx.

C»biit ill) tiic jfc . . . .

The style of the armour fixes the date as c. 1520.

In 1894 the brass was loose in the vestry. Both sides of the
plate are reproduced in the Transactions of the Cumberland and West-
morland Antiquarian and Arch^ological Society, vol, xiii. p. 149.

1 84

WILTSHIRE.
West Lavington.

Inscription, in fourteen English verses, to John Dauntesay,
1559, but quere engraved later, at the same time as No. II. Size
of plate, 22 X 11^ inches. On the floor of the Dauntesay
Chapel. With this inscription is a figure of John Dauntesay, in
armour of the period of his death, it is engraved in E. Kite's
Monumental Brasses of Wiltshiye, pi. xxi. The inscription only is
palimpsest.

Obverse.

<3Dnc tljouefantic pcrcsf to^'tlj Ijuntirctiliccf f^'tc anU f^'btec

npne full paste
3|ljon 2Dauntc0ap tiiti djaunffc tijis Ipfe for Ipfc tljat still

Sljall laste
31n tljc nj'nctrcntl) of 9^a}^c Voljrn springe all tljinges

unto mans use
(Eben t\}cn tljis man tljat mortall toas, Ijis tieatlje coulUe

not refuse
l^e Ijati ttoo ^['bes sueeessitel^'e bp Ijol^^ tuetiloekes rigljt
^0 toljom Ije teas as fa^'tljfull as teas eber an?' toigljt
^eben eljilbren Ije Ijab b[' tlje laste. anb b}> tlje f^'rst

Ijab f^be
'(Iljrouglj bjljom tl)ouo:l) l^'fe be toobe atoa^'e Ijis name

remains aljjbe
^e bjas Csquj^er, b[' offiee eafee a "^imitt just also,
a proppe to poore. a frenbe to rielje. to none at all a fo.
^0 toljen Ije Ijab spente fort^'e ['eres anb fobjre in bale

of bjoe,
2Deatl) strooke, anb stra^'te Ije baas eompellb out of tljiS

bjorlbe to pe.
113 is eareas tljen tljat bjas but l\Uu' f" birinlUing bjorm

is meate
l^is sobjle Ijope 10 bjitlj (Bob posseebes in Ijeaben a

Ijeabenlp seate.

Reverse. Nine lines of a Dutch or Flemish inscription in
black letter recording the penalty for any breach of an agreement
in the foundation of a mass at the altar of St. Cornelius in the
church of Westmonstre by Adrian Adrianson and the lady

i85

Paesschine van den Steyne. Thirty-three lines of this, or of a
similar inscription, form the reverse of a brass to the Disney
family at Norton Disney, Lincolnsliire, c 1580, and give the date
as 15 1 8. The West Lavington fragment apparently preserves
the last nine lines of the inscription :

heijleghegheestmeesters van Westmonstre ende jndien
gijluden daer af in ghebreke varen zoe zal tzelue goet
comen opt gilde van sinte Cornelis ouctaer metter
zeluer last alst altsamen breeder blijcken mach bii
den fondacien daer af zijnde daer af een licht on der
den kerckmeesters een onder de heijlegheestmrs
een onder den deken ende baleeders van sinte Corne
lis ouctaer een onder de vrinden Adriaen adryzeii
een ond' de vriende va joncvrauwe paesschine voorfU
The following is a translation :

" Masters of the Holy Ghost at Westmonstre,

and should you [or your people] fail herein, the same property
shall lapse to the guild of the altar of St. Cornelius, with the
same charge, as may be further seen in the foundation thereof,
being one light thereof amongst the churchwardens, one amongst
the masters of the Holy Ghost, one amongst the deacons and
vergers (?) of the altar of St. Cornelius, one amongst the friends
of Adrian Adianson, and one amongst the friends of the lady
Paesschine aforesaid." '

For a full account of the foundation of this mass see under
Norton Disney, Lincolnshire.

II.

Obverse. Inscription in twenty English verses to Margaret,
daughter of John Ernley, and second wife of John Dauntesay,
1571. On same slab as No. I. Size of plate, 22 x 16^ inches.

I^rrrc tiotl) \\\ grnbc uuciTcti b'c a iJl^artynrrt hv niimr.
^f Jljoii 2Daiiiucoa)' tljc laot tort'c a ffcmc of pccrclccf

fame.
^i cljiltircit Ofbrii oljc motljcr tuao 00 (15oti tiiti blro^c

tljat tiTc
^^at pt efljoultic not fruitlcosc rcmainc but Ijabc po0=

xtxxxtt

' See ArchcEological Jouitial, vol. iv. p. 362, and vol. v. p. 160 ; E. Kite's
Monuvienlal Brasses of IViltshire, p. 56.

i86

Btir \Dljcn tjcatlj prrrot Ijcr Ijoluefcliantic ticcrc, djc pa0t

iLvkc turtle trur. of nclj anti poorc ssljr Ijnti anr> Ijatl) tl)C

praj'se.
'^tocltc j^ereef a loititiotoc 0l)c nin Ij^bc after l)cr l)oto0C=

bann npcti,
^£f c|)a0te as eber aim tiili tonljin tljief toorlti mo0t toine.
^ matronc mWtic sljc bja0 most toiere. ju0tc, pnlp. grille.

auti 0iig:e,
i^cr ivkc, n0 triall truclpe 0ljctDtlj, i& rare in tl)i5 our ag:c.
^Ijc ncljcr turiin atoaj,' l)er care from tl)em tljat a^'tie tiin

crabe,
l^er ne^'Q:l3bour0 poorc tijat Irbti in tnant rel^e00c of Ijer

0l)objltic Ijabr.
Ulje poorr anti romfortclref0c from toronp 0!)c efatti anti

tiefentic
l^er pram tljertfore tiotl) Ubr anti lastc tfjoug^c life be

broiig:l)t to entie.
Il^er toealtl) or bertcou0 Ij'fe coulD not Keepe ^er from

tiarte of tieatlj.
€)f Januarp tlje npneteentlj slje ^eltieti I)er laeft breatlj
3Jn j'ere of oar lor^e a tljotosanUe fpbe Ijuntireli 0ebent['

one,
^!je felte tlje panjueef of 2Deatlj tljat ma^ escljetocti be

of none.
l9er 0otole toptl) (Boti acfsuretil^' entilejscr jores liotlj fenotoe.
i^er botipe 0leepeo ann 00 0l)all rest untill tl)e trumpe

tjoe blobje.

Reverse. Twelve lines of an inscription in large Roman
capitals with the date, 1552, in Arabic numerals. Mary and
Douce, daughters of the deceased, caused the monument to
be made.

IVXII 1552 DIVTVRNA ET PENE TRIENNA [li]
EGRITVDINE FRACT' INVICTO TAME ANI [mo]
E VIVIS DECESSIT. MARIA AC DVLCIA FIL[i^]
AMANTISSIME PIETATIS ERGO MONVMEN [tVM]
HOC POSVERE VT ET TV VIATOR HOC
TRISTI EXUMPLO COMOTVS FATA ETiA I [n]
ANIMO PERPENDENS QVAM NIHIL HIC S [it]
FIRMVM AC STABILE DISCAS RERV OMN [IVM]

FORE ALIQVANDO VICISSITVDINEM A [c]
SPRETIS REBVS MORTALIV DEV IMORTA [LEM]
TIMERE. VALE ET PUS TVIS PRECIBVS
DEFVNCTVM DEO COMMENDA.

This inscription is enclosed on two sides by a plain border ;
when perfect it measured about 24 inches in width. The letters
in brackets are supplied from Kite's transcript.*

Melksham.

Inscription and two shields to Ambrose Dauntesey, Esq.,
1612, who married Gertrude, daughter of Henry Sadler, Esq.,
of Everley, and widow of Henry Brouncker, Esq. For many
years these plates were in private hands but have now been
replaced in the church and let into the north wall of the chancel.
So far as is known only the shields are palimpsest, and these,
which measure 6| by 5^ inches are now fastened down so that
the palimpsest portions cannot be seen.

Obverse. Shield No. I. bears the arms of Dauntesey (Gu.),
a lion rampant (arg.) grappling with a tvyvern erect (vert), and shield
No. n. the arms of Sadler, (Or), a lion rampant per fess (az.)
and (gu.).

Reverse. Shield No. I. shows the end of a lady's dress and
the lower portion of the kneeling figure of a man in armour
probably a son, c. 1600. Shield No. H. bears the following
fragment of an inscription of about the same date :

Apostrophe ad . . .

obiit 23" die m .

Esse viam latam . . .

Ad caelvm ano . . .

Hang datvr ir . . .

Alma dignat . .

. . . TVA mors m . . .
Both sides of shield No. I., and the obverse of No. H., are
engraved in E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire, p. 82.
There are rubbings of obverse and reverse of both shields in
the collection of the Society of Antiquaries.

Salisbury, St. Thomas.
John Webbe, mayor in [1561] , died in 1570, and wife Anne,
daughter of Nicholas Wylford, citizen and merchant tailor,
with three sons and three daughters, three out of four shields,

' J/i»i. Biasses of Wills., p. 57.

i88

and a mutilated marginal inscription. Chancel floor. The
figures are engraved in E. Kite's Monumental Brasses of Wiltshire,
pi. xxii. Mr. Kite, at p. 58, has the following note: "On the
reverse [of the border fillet] is a portion of an inscription of
much bolder character. The letter here engraved [an F or
T] as a specimen was copied by Mr. G. A. Howitt, some
years since, when the plate was loose." The letter in question
has every appearance of having come from a Flemish marginal
inscription. Probably the whole brass is palimpsest.

Steeple Ashton.
From the Journal of the British Archaological Association, vol.
xxi. (1865) p. 192:— "Mr. Irvine called attention to a modern
instance of a ' palimpsest ' as it has been usual to term it. It
is copper, and is in Steeple Ashton Church and curious for its
late date. Mr. Irvine states that on visiting the church he
found the tablet loose, and was permitted by the rector to
have it cleaned. Copies were taken of both sides before being
refixed. On the upper part of the monumental face are engraved
a skull and cross-bones, placed on a scroll dividing the words
Memento Mori, and beneath is the following in five lines :

'TO THE MEMORY OF

DEBORAH MARKS

WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE

THE 8th DAY OF MARCH, 1 72O

AGED 99 '

"The reverse of the tablet shows that it has constituted
and been employed as a copper plate for printing, as on the
top is part of an inscription reading ' and the Divil overbalanced
by the Bible.' In the middle of the plate is the half of a balance,
the scale borne down by the Holy Bible. Beneath the beam
are three labels, the first two no doubt, like the last, proceeding

from the mouths of figures. They severally read. ' ge

hell and fetch more weight .... shall be ruined quite ' — ' If
we do not hall our church will fall ' — ' Burn y^ heretick book.'
On the left side of the scale are a group of four figures, a
crowned and robed queen holding a sword, a sovereign or noble
wearing a spiked or eastern crown or coronet, and two mitred
bishops. In the background is a building inscribed ' The Church
of Eng , , . . ' Beneath are the following :

' Who are all resolved to maintain our rights
Against the French Pope, Divill, and all their mights,

1 89

Therefore, good subjects, all with one accord
Honour and praise and magnifye the Lord,
Who hath preserv'd our gratious Queen to be
From Popery a means to set us free.

(Sold by S. Farley in Wine Street, Bristoll.) '
" The style of the coarse engraving, taken in connexion with
the date of Deborah Marks' death in 1730, would lead one to
infer the figures represented to be those of William and Mary
(1689-94), as in the latter year Queen Mary died in the month of
December of the small-pox."

WORCESTERSHIRE.
No palimpsest noted in this county.

YORKSHIRE.

HOWDEN.

Obverse. Inscription to Peter Dolman, Esq., of Kilpin,
counsellor at law, 1621. He married Elizabeth, daughter of
Richard Remington, archdeacon of the East Riding, by whom
he had three sons, Richard, Phillip and Timothy. Size of plate,
15I X 5 inches.

HERE LYETH THE BODY OF PETER DOLMAN OF KIL
PIN ESQVIEK COVNSELLER AT LAW WHO MARRIED
ELIZABETH DAVGHTER TO RICHARD REMINGTON
CLERKE ARCHDEACON OF THE EAST RIDING IN THE
COVNTY OF YORK DECEASED BY WHOM HE LEFT
YSSVE THRE BONNES VIZ. RICHARD, PHILLIP AND
TIMOTHY DOLMAN WHO DEPARTED OVT OF
THIS TRANSITORY WORLD THE XIII DAY OF DE
CEMBER ANNO DNl 162I.

Reversk ok Inscripi ion, Howden, Yorks.

Aljoul one-fourth full si^e.

1 90

Reverse. The central portion of the figure of a civih'an,
c. 1520, in gown with deep sleeves lined with fur, and having a
gypciere attached to his girdle.

The brass is now fastened to the West wall of the South
Aisle.

Ilkley Museum.

Most improperly removed from the parish church and placed
in the museum.

Obverse. Inscription to William Robinson, 1562, husband to
Jennet Robinson, and father and mother to numerous children
whose names are set out in the inscription. Size of plate, 15x6
inches.

-f WYLLM

ROBENSON . LAYT . HVSBAD . TO lENAT
ROBENSON . FATHER . AND . MOTHER . TO . THOMA
LEARD . LAVRAS . ARTHVR . WILLM . AND . WYLLM

AND _ _

RECHARD . FRACES . MARGRET . ELTz . ESABE

AND

GRACE . lANE . WHOSE . BODE . WAS . BVRIED

ANO . DOMINO 1562.

A very curious and rough inscription, probably the work of a
local blacksmith. The plate is broken at the top and the first
few words have been defaced.

Reverse. The beginning of another inscription in large bold
black letter :

^cpultura 31olji0 lacj^ii ....
€t p'bmtiarii^f ^tpl^nigto . . .

This is without doubt a portion of the plate marking the burial
place of John Reynald, or Raynald, who was prebendary of
Stillington, a stall of the cathedral church of York. John Ray-
nald was admitted to the prebend of Beckingham, Southwell
Minster, on February 5, 1492-3, which he resigned in November,
1494. On the 25th of the same month he was instituted to the
prebend of Stillington, York, which he held till the time of his
death. On August 24, 1499, he was appointed archdeacon of
Cleveland, and died holding this office on December 24, 1506.
By his will he left his body to be buried in the cathedral church
of York, a stone to be placed over the place of his sepulchre.
Both sides of the plate are figured in the Antiquary, vol. xxviii.
(1893), p. 61.

191

ROTHERHAM.

Obverse. A shield shaped plate, 5^ X 5^ inches, bearing an
inscription and coat of arms to Ralph Bullock, Esq., of Unston,

1637.

Hie Jacct Rodolphus Bullock

De Vnston A rmigeru qui obiit 9"
Die Martii An Domini 1637°
Arms. Erm., on a chief (gu.) a label of Jive points (or) Bullock.
Probably the work of a local engraver, who has most ingeni-
ously turned an old shield into a memorial for Ralph Bullock,
but has rather blundered in the inscription over the word
"armiger" which he has rendered as "armigerum."

CllTc Jacil %(fo^fas BuKocK
(t)( ^11/fon MtTniqera Out oEii/tg"

Palimpsest Shield, Rotmrrham, Yorks.

About one-third full size.

Reverse. An old shield much worn and defaced, but the out-
lines of the charges, except in the case of the Lascelles coat, can
easily be made out. It is of sixteenth century date and bears
the arms and quarterings of the Melton family, viz. : Quarterly
I, {Az.), a cross patonce {arg.) Melton. II. (Gii.), three liicies
hauriant in fess {arg.) Lucy. III. Quarterly i and 4. (illegible,
but no doubt originally Arg., three chaplets gu. Lascelles). 2 and
3- {Arg.) two bars {az.), a Jleur-de-lys in fess for difference. Hilton
IV. Quarterly i and 4. {Arg.), a boar passant {gu.) Verli (?).
2 and 3. {Arg.), a helmet {gu.) Kilham (?).

The brass is now on a hinge and attached to the wall near
the south pier of the chancel arch. Both sides of the plate are
reproduced in the Yorkshire Archcvological Journal, vol. xv. p. 42.

192

Scarborough Museum.

In the museum of the Scarborough Philosophical and
Archaeological Society. Found in 18 10 on St. Nicholas Cliff
near the site of the destroyed Benedictine church of St.
Nicholas.

Obverse. A very small plate, 2f x if inches, bearing an
inscription to Brother William of Thornton. Date c. 1360 (?).

There is an engraving of this side of the plate in T.
Hinderwell's Histoyy of Scarborough, 2nd ed. (181 1), p. 125.

Reverse. A small fragment of a Flemish marginal inscrip-
tion bearing the numeral XI and a stop in relief on a hatched
ground. Probable date c. 1350 (?). Both sides of the plate
are illustrated in the Journal of the Oxford University Brass
Rubbing Society, vol. i. p. 255.

Sessay.

Obverse. Full length effigy of Thomas Magnus, archdeacon
of the East, Riding, and rector of Sessay, 1550, in cassock,
surplice, almuce and cope, with scroll from hands bearing the
words 'JC^n fill tiCi miserere mei. Below is the following
inscription :

l^ere Ipetlj Sl^aster ^Ijomae i^agntief ^rcljlieaeon of

in tlje Sl^etrepolitau Cljj'relje of gorke i Mon of tljigf

Cljpre^e tD|)tcl)e
2Dpeti t\\t iTbii)tl) tJiij' of ^tiffust a° Mi 9^" tcctCo I toljoefe

0oule ffoti Dlion.

At the four corners of the slab are quatrefoils, the upper and
lower dexter bearing the Holy Lamb with cross, and the upper
and lower sinister the stalk and flower of the columbine.^

' "In the old church was glass containing his rebus, an Agnus Dei with M
thereon. Above was the mo.to as on the arms, and the herbage was full of
columbines." — Tonge's Visitation (Surtees Society, vol. xli.), p. 59 (note).

193

■DnrttlirHlnn'ftaBofXiiguftJniraglcmr'llDljiofrfmilraoftBiim

Thomas Mac.nus, Archdeacon ok thk East Riding, 1550,

Sessay, Yorks.

About one-e!evenlh full si/e.

194

Below the inscription is a shield charged with the arms of
Magnus. Bendy of six (vert) and (gu.), on a fess (oy) a lion passant
giiardant between two cinquefoils of the second, and above is the motto
^ef (Boll to^'ll in black letter.

The figure, including the scroll, is 25^ inches in height, the
inscription plate measures 24I x 3I inches, the quatrefoils
5 X 4j inches, and the shield 6| x 5^ inches. The brass lies
on the chancel floor and is engraved in J. Gill's Vallis Ehoracensis,
p. 352 ; R. A. S. Macalister's Ecclesiastical Vestments, p. 147 (eff.
only) ; and in the Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, vol. xvii. p. 310.

Reverse. In March, 1902, the whole brass was loose in its
casement and on examination the greater portion proved to be
palimpsest. For this information and for a rubbing of the
palimpsests the writer is indebted to Mr. W. J. Kaye, F.S.A.
With the exception of the trunk of the figure the whole brass
is made up of fragments of earlier brasses. The head and a
greater portion of the scroll is in one piece and cut out of an
earlier figure, but is too fragmentary to say what the figure
may have been. The inscription appears to have been cut
out of the centre of a large figure of a lady, probably wearing
a mantle as a portion of the cord and tassels for fastening this
garment appears at one end of the plate. The shield may
possibly have come from the same figure as it bears lines of
similar drapery. Two of the quatrefoils are cut from a coped
priest, the orphrey of the cope being ornamented with foliage
and circles bearing letters ; two letters ^ and d^ remain. The
other two quatrefoils are made up of bits, one bearing portions
of drapery from the feet of a figure, the other a portion of
similar drapery and a large Lombardic D with traces of some
oiher letter but obscured by the solder used to fasien the pieces
together. All the palimpsest portions are illustrated in the
Yorkshire A rchaological Journal, vol. xvii. p. 311.

TOPCLIFFE.

The fine Flemish brass, 69 x 37 inches, to Thomas de
TopclyfF, 1362, and wife [Mabel], 1391, both in mantles, with
fine canopy and mutilated marginal inscription, is engraved in
Messrs. Wallers' Series of Monumental Brasses, and in the Intro-
duction, p. ix., is the following account of the discovery of the
palimpsest portions : " The brass of Thomas Topcliff and lady
was, a few years ago [about i860] , during the restoration of the

195

I'ALIMI'SEST I'ORIIONS OK KrASS TO TllOMAS MaGNUS,

Sessay, Yokks.

About one-eleveiuh full size.

196

church, removed from its slab. The reverse was discovered to
be entirely, or nearly so, composed of plates of metal that had
been previously used. But one small portion, however, fell
under the writer's observation, and that was a part of the border,
the reverse of which showed a portion of an inscription in Longo-
bardic capitals and in the Flemish vernacular, ' bidt. voer. die.
ziele.' i.e., pray for the soul. It was extremely well executed,
much in the style of the brass at St. Albans to Abbot Delamare ;
and was only a few years earlier in date to that of which it now
forms a portion. Of the rest, the account given by the Rev. H.
A. Hawkins, the incumbent of Topcliffe, though less complete
than one could have wished of so curious a fact, is nevertheless
useful, and tends to support the theory that occasionally spoilt
metal was reworked on its opposite surface. In a letter, he says,
' I remember the fact of its being engraved over its entire sur-
face, but I could not make out the design if there was one. It
struck me rather ^as being a collection of several small sheets of
brass, on the back of which the artist or his apprentice had
been trying their engraving tools. I could trace no connec-
tion between one sheet and another ; there was something
resembling an elaborate ladder on one sheet, and on the next
a sword, out of all proportion to the ladder, if it was intended for
one, and only slightly sketched, whereas the ladder, as I have
remarked, was highly finished.' We must be thankful to possess
so brief a record of so curious a fact, though we may regret the
opportunity of a more searching scrutiny has been lost. There
can be little doubt that we have here the metal of spoilt work, of
various designs, used over again. That described as a ' ladder '
was most likely the commencement of some architectural
feature, dividing into panels."

The brass in its original slab is now fixed on the wall of
the north aisle. No rubbing of the palimpsest portions seems
to be in existence.

WiNESTEAD.

Obverse. Upper part of a man in armour, bareheaded, his
head resting on his helmet, and wife (mutilated), c. 1540, a group
of seven sons, the eldest in armour, and a group of six daughters
(one headless). Marginal inscription lost. Chancel floor.
Probably to the memory of some member of the Hildyard
family, possibly Sir Christopher Hildyard, who died in 1538, and

197

his second wife, Joan. Engraved in G. Poulson's History of
HoldernesSy vol. ii. p. 479, and Yorkshire Avchaological Journal^ vol.
xii. p. 228.

Palimpsest Brass at Winestead, Yorks.

About one-fifth full size.

Reverse. In 1899 the remaining portion of the man in armour
became detached from the stone and upon examination proved to
be palimpsest. It is 10 inches in length and bears upon the
reverse the left shoulder, arm, and a portion of the hands of
a civilian, probably a merchant, wearing a mantle. The sleeve
of the under-dress is richly ornamented, the cufF reaching to the
knuckles. The background to the figure, a very small portion of
which remains, is richly diapered. The work is Flemish, c. 1360,
and is in the same style as the great brasses at Lynn, Norfolk.

This fragment has now been securely fastened down, it is
figured in the Yorkshire A vchcBological Journal, vol. xvi. p. 239.

The remaining plates of this brass will, no doubt, upon
examination be found to be palimpsest.

IRELAND.

No palimpsest noted in this country.

SCOTLAND.

Edinburgh, St. Giles.
Obverse. A quadrangular plate, 3 if x 21 1 inches, to James

198

Stewart, Earl of Murray, and Regent of Scotland, assassinated
at Linlithgow on the 2y<^ of January, 1569-70. In the centre
is a large achievement of the Regent's arms with the motto,
SALVS . PER . CHRisTVM, and on either side are figures of
Religion and Justice, with the mottoes, pietas . sine . vindice .
LVGET, and ivs . exarmatvm . est. Below is the following
inscription in raised letters :

23 . jANvARii . 1569.

lACOBO . STOVARTO . MORAVI/E . COMITI . SCOTIA .
PROREGI . VIRO . ^TATIS . SV^ . LONGE . OPTIMO .
ABINIMICIS . OMNIS . MEMORI^ . DETERRIMIS .
EX . INSIDIIS . EXTINCTO . CEV . PATRI .
COMMVNI . PATRIA . MCERENS . POSVIT .

This inscription was composed by George Buchanan. The
original tomb was destroyed in 1829 and the brass plate
removed to Donybristle House, the seat of the Earl of Moray,
but in 1865 the tomb was restored by the then Earl and the
brass replaced in the upper panel. In examining the family
papers in the charter-room of Donybristle, the Earl of Moray
discovered a detached sheet without name or date, endorsed
"The compt. of geir furnisit to my L buriall." From internal
evidence it clearly refers to the Regent's funeral in 1569-70,
and is in a contemporary hand. This document gives the
names of John Roytel and Murdoch Valker as the masons
who constructed the tomb at the expense of ^133 6s. 8d. ;
and of James Gray, goldsmith, who engraved the brass plate
at the charge of ^20, whilst the same plate of brass was bought
from David Rowane for £7. The details from the account
are as follows : ^

" Item, gaif to Jhone Ryotaill and Mwrdoche Valka
measonnis for the making of my Lordis sepulteur according
to the indentour maid betwix vmquhill Maister Jhone Wod
and thame. i"" xxxiii. li. vi. s. viii. d.

" Item, to James Gray goldsmyth for ingraving of ane platt
of bras vpoun my Lordis sepulteur. xx. li.

" Item, to Dauid Rowane for the same platt of bras. vii. H.

*' Item, for varnishing of the same plaitt and putting vpe and
fixing thairof. "'J- "•

" Item, to the payntour for bleking of the sepulteur and his

paynis. ^^' ^•

' See Pioceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. vi. p. 49, a
paper by David Laing, entitled "Notice respecting the monument of the Regent
Karl of Murray, now restored, wiihin the Church of St. Giles, Edinburgh."

199

Illustrations of this obverse side may be found in Proceedings
of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. i. pi, vi. p. 196;
The Scottish Antiquary, vol. vi. p. 56; The Catalogue of the Edin-
burgh Heraldic Exhibition (i8gi), pi. ci. ; Macgibbon and Ross's
Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 453. A litho-
graph (full size) has also been privately printed.

Reverse. The Proceedings of the Society of A ntiquaries of Scotland,
vol. i. p. 181, under date May g, 1853, contains the following
account of the reverse : — " The original brass of the Regent Earl
of Murray, removed from St. Giles' Church in 1829 was again
exhibited, and the Secretary called attention to the highly inter-
esting fact, which had previously escaped notice, that it furnishes
an example of a palimpsest brass. It is engraved on the reverse
of the centre portion of a larger brass, probably of the latter part
of the fifteenth century. This has borne two full length figures,
a male and a female, with a richly diapered ground and orna-
mental border, and surrounded by an inscription, of which only
a part remains, reading on the right side, spouse . owmquhile .
OF . YE . SAID . THO, and on the other side, whilk . diet . the .

THIRD . DAY . OF , AUGUST . AN ."

This portion is now fastened down.

WALES.

No palimpsest noted in this country.

PRIVATE POSSESSION.
Mr. W. J. Andrew, Cadster House, Whaley Bridge.

Obverse. A group of four sons and one daughter, c. 1500-20.
The sons in ordinary civil dress, the daughter with long hair, a
kennel shaped head-dress and gown with close sleeves and large
cuffs. Size of plate 5x4! inches.

Reverse. A few engraved lines apparently from the figure of
a civilian, c. 1470. Two of the lines are filled with solder.

Sir M. Boileau, Ketteringham Park,
Wymondham, Norfolk.

Obverse. A man in armour, bare-headed, his head resting on
a helmet, c. 1560, lower part of legs and feet lost. Height of
effigy in present condition 13-2 inches.

200

Palimpsest Figure in the Possession of Sir M. Boileau.

About one-fourth full size.

Reverse. A fragment of a large fifteenth century Flemish
brass showing a portion of a figure, apparently an ecclesiastic,
with folded hands and wearing a chasuble richly diapered with
foliage and scroll work, the centre orphrey bearing a small demi-
figure of our Lord or of one of the Apostles.

Both sides of the brass are figured in Norfolk Archaology, vol.
xiii. p. 198, and by permission of the Society here reproduced on
a reduced scale.

Mr. Ambrose Lee, Heralds' College, London.

Obverse. A group of three daughters, c. 1540. All wear
" Paris heads," the eldest a gown with long false sleeves, the
second a gown with sleeves puffed and slashed at the shoulders,
and the youngest a gown with open sleeves. Size of plate,
6x3! inches.

Reverse. A portion of a pediment of a canopy with three
crockets, of English workmanship of about the middle of the
fifteenth century.

Supposed to have come from a ruined chapel at Quarrendon,
Bucks.

201

the present
unknown,

DERELICTS.

The term " dereHct " is used to denote that
ownership or whereabouts of the original brass
rubbings being extant.

Obverse. A very small fragment of an inscription bearing
the words :

.... JOljI0 ....

. . . nis qui ....

Size of fragment, 2^ x 2 inches.

Reverse. Another piece of an inscription bearing :

.... 0

.... a obiit IT . . .
. . . oiT iiiabj ....

Formerly in the museum at King's Lynn, Norfolk. Rubbing
in the collection of the Society of Antiquaries,

Obverse. A sundial made by R. Treswell in 1582. Size of

plate, 7 X 7^
inches.

Reverse. The
lower portion of
a quadrangular
plate showing
the legs and feet
of an emaciated
and shrouded
extended
mattress.

figure
on a

The original
plate, then in
the possession of
Mr. W. Tyson,
was exhibited at
the Bristol Meet-
ing of tlie Archae-

Reverse ok Sundial.

About one-half full size.

ological Institute
in 1851. There

is a rubbing of the reverse in the collection of the Society of

Antiquaries.

202

III.

Obverse. Effigy of a lady, c. 1540, in heraldic mantle, with
hands held apart, and kneeling at a small desk on which lies
an open book. She wears the " Paris hede," a lace partlet,
a gown with close sleeves edged with lace, and a mantle
fastened by a large brooch. There are three ermine spots
on the gown and the mantle bears the following arms, Barry
nehuly of six . . . ajid . . ., a chief ermine. The figure is
13^ inches in height.

Palimpsest Figure.

Alx)ut one-fourth full size.

Reverse. A portion of the side shaft of a canopy showing
the head and shoulders of a female saint, crowned and nimbed,
under fine canopy work. Apparently foreign of late fourteenth
or early fifteenth century work.

Said to have been in the possession of a Mr. Christopher
Smyth about the year i860. Rubbings of both sides are in
the collection of the Society of Antiquaries.

203

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.

Eton College Chapel.

Mr. T. Eustace Harwood, in the Oxford Journal of Monumental
Brasses, vol. ii. p. 70, gives the following description of this
palimpsest : " The effigy consists of two pieces, joined across
the shoulders; these two pieces coming apart, instead of being
properly braced, they were repaired by soldering a piece of tin
over the join ; this process has rendered illegible the first of ten
fragments of Latin hexameters which were on the reverse. The
other nine are as follows :

. . . Ijic nnt: bictuef
. . tiimi0 qj liiiobus
£f pnuci0 qj tiicfaucs
r uocte miffiMbit
. 0iqiii)3 gfociflbit

Q .% . gfilii binacf

t mt patcrqj

. rn0 atqtic iubamcn.

. . moril)U0 ^mcn.' "

II.

Mr. J. Challenor Smith, F.S.A., has kindly forwarded the
following extract from the will of Walter Haugh, of Worsted,
Norfolk : " to be buried in chapel of St. John Baptist of Worsted
by the sepulture of Isabell my wif. I will that Sir Thomas James
preest have a service to sing for me Margarete and Issabell my
wiffes." Will dated November 5, 1505, and proved January 25,
1505-6 (P.C.C, 42 Holgrove).

The brass (with slab and palimpsest inscription) is engraved
in the Oxford Journal of Monumental Brasses, vol. ii. p. 72.

CORNWALL.

CONSTANTINK.

The palimpsest portion with the man in armour is repro-
duced in G. Clinch's Old English Churches, p. 235.

204

DERBYSHIRE.

MORLEY.

The slab in which is inlaid the brass to Sir Henry Sache-
verell, 1558, and wife Isabel, may be said to be a palimpsest
in stone, as on the reverse is the casement for a fine brass
of an ecclesiastic with a marginal inscription. It is thus
described in the History and Antiquities of Morley, by the late
Rev. S. Fox, rector, p. 8, quoted in J. C. Cox's Churches of
Derbyshire, vol. iv. p. 334 : " The stone which contains this
brass is very far from being in its original situation. The
brass is small and inferior to the early ones; and the stone
in which it is placed is extremely rough and unfinished. This
led to the examination of the under part of the stone, when
it was found that it had once contained a very fine brass of
an ecclesiastic, and had been surrounded by a border fillet
bearing an inscription. Those parts of the stone which were
not cut away to receive the brass and fillet were highly polished.
The rivets were still quite perfect, and the pitch with which
the brass had been imbedded was quite fresh. It is not unlikely
that, after this stone had been deprived of its original treasure,
it formed part of the spoil which was brought from Dale
Abbey."

TiDESWELL.

Obverse. Inscription to Laurence Brierly, vicar, 1680. Size
of plate, 8J X 6| inches. This inscription, for many years in
private hands, has recently been restored to the church, and
is now fixed on hinges on the wall above Bishop Pursglove's
brass.

Exuvie
Lau : Brierly
vie hujus Eccle
sise v : id : Jan : 1680
Nescitis horam.
Reverse. Portions of eight lines of an inscription to Bishop
Pursglove, who died in 1579, in black letter of a late type
and with very florid capitals:

. . . y Robert Pursgloue ....

, . . care at Schoole and learning . . .

205

HiimiliilllbitFUiilinlFniw

2^%

EXUVLC

vi c hii^uy E#ile

Obverse and Reverse ok Brierlx— Pursgi.ove Inscription,
TiDEswEi.i., Derbyshire

About one-half full si/e.

206

. . . . o London he was had . . .

... by name in pauls which did . . .

. . . ntain full thi'ice 3 whole years . . .

. . . placed as I wis

. . . doth lye S' Mary Oueris

. . . send into that colHdge r . . .
It is exceedingly difficult to account for this fragment of
inscription, the letters of which are quite sharp and show no
signs of wear. It is certainly not a piece of the original
inscription, as the style of lettering is of much later date and
differs completely from that of the marginal inscription, which is
original. The curious split tops to some of the letters and the
same florid capitals occur on the inscription to Sir Sampson
Meverill, which is known to have been restored in 1702 by Sir
John Statham, and may still be seen on the high tomb in the
Chancel. The inscription now under the bishop's figure appears
to have been engraved about the year 1705, according to an entry
in the Tideswell school accounts for that year, when the sum of
£1 14s. lod., rent of certain lands in Taddington, was agreed to
be " laid out for brasse &c. for repairs of the Bishopp's Tombe
w*^h is stolen off"." ^ It appears from the lines preserved on the
Brierly fragment that the two inscriptions were similar in com-
position, but the lettering of the present one is much coarser than
that of the Brierly fragment. It is just possible that a new
inscription may have been prepared for the bishop's tomb some
little time before Brierly's death, and that for some reason or
another the plate remained on the engraver's hands and was cut
up and re-used, or it may be that Brierly's plate was not laid down
until many years after his death, possibly at a time when the en-
graver was working on the Pursglove inscription, and that he used
up a plate which he had had the misfortune to spoil.

The inscription now below the figure of Bishop Pursglove
reads thus :

Under this stone as here doth ly a corps sumtime of fame
in Tiddeswall bred and born truely Robert pursglove by name
and there brought up by parents care at Schoole & learning trad
till afterwards by uncle dear to London he was had
who WILLIAM BRADSHAW hight by name in pauls w^h did him

place
and y"" at Schoole did him maintain full thrice 3 whole years
space
' From information kindly supplied by the rector, the Rev. J. M. J. Fletcher.

207

and then into the Abberye was placed as I wish

in Southwarkft call'd where it doth ly saint mary overis

to OXFORD then who did him send into that Colledge right

and there 14 years did him find vV-h Corpus Christi hight

from thence at length away he went, a clerke of learning great

to GiSBURN ABBEY streigh' was sent and placed in priors seat

BISHOP of HULL he was also, archdeacon of Nottingham

provost of rotherham colledge too, of YORK eak suffragan

two gramer Schooles he did ordain with land for to endure

one hospital for to m.aintain twelve impotent and poor

o gisburne then with tiddeswall town lament & mourn you

may
for this said clerk of great renoun lyeth here compact in clay
though cruell death hath now down brought this body w^ here

doth ly
yet trump of fame stay can he nought to sound his praise on high.
Qui legis hunc versum crebro reliquum memoreris
vile cadaver sum tuque cadaver eris.

Engravings of the bishop's brass may be found in Gent. Mag.,
vol. Ixiv. (1794) pt. ii. p. iioi, and Cambridge Camden Society's
Illnstrations of Monumental Brasses, No. I. p. ig.

DORSETSHIRE.
Litton Cheyney.

The writer is indebted to Major E. B. Evans for kindly
visiting Litton Cheyney and hunting up the palimpsest inscrip-
tions, which are now kept loose at the rectory. As stated by
Hutchins, there are three inscriptions, the plate bearing the
inscription to John Chapman having been cut into two pieces and
converted into memorials to Alexander Warnby, and to John and
Thomas Newpton.

Obverses, (a) Inscription to Alexander Warnby, i486. Size
of plate, 8^ X 3 inches.

li^ic Placet aicrantjriam (s/V) (laianibj'
qui obiir iiii" tiic mc3' m'ciK?) ^imo

nm ^° €€€€° ^f aBF F3^ cui' ale Dpicict' nnief.

The third word in the first line certainly reads " Alexandriam,"
and the month seems to be " Marcii," but the plate is much worn
and dented. The lettering is peculiar and appears to be the
work of a provincial artist, (b) Inscriptionto John and Thomas
Newpton, undated. Size of plate, 5^ X 3 inches.

2o8

neupto qo^ am di^icin' d'cf.

This also seems to be the work of a local artist, the lettering is
peculiar and the spacing bad. In the first two lines the letters
are large, whilst in the third line they are much smaller and run
closely together. The style of lettering is different to that on the
inscription to Alexander Warnby, but apparently as the two
inscriptions complete the reverse inscription their dates must be
nearly alike.

Reverse. These two plates preserve the complete inscription
to John Chapman, fishmonger, 1471, and wife Alice. This plate
when joined together measures 14x3 inches.

H^ic met 3o^cs C^alpman ffpgfc^moger et SiUcia uror
fiu0 qui quilim Jo^p obiit ^rptimana pa^c^e jauno
tini Sl^° €€€€° 2l^^j,° quor' alabj Dpicietur tieu0 ^mcii

The first portion has been utilised for the Newpton inscrip-
tion, the second for the Warnby. The lettering of the Chapman
inscription is good and appears to be the work of a London
artist. The edges are quite sharp and show no signs of wear.
Possibly the plate may have been a " waster," and sent from one
workshop to another. It is certainly curious to find the two
pieces re-used in the same church.

HERTFORDSHIRE.

Aldenham.

The inscription to John Long, 1538, is now framed and
hanging on the east wall of the Vestry.

II.

Half a shield, 3 X 5| inches, from the brass to Ralph
Stepney, Esq., first lord of the Town of Aldenham and patron
of the church, 1544. Framed and hanging in the vestry.

Obverse. The lower portion of a shield showing part of a
chequy fess with an owl in base impaling a quartered coat.
A perfect shield still remaining in the slab at the west end of
the nave shows the arms to have been Stepney, (Gu.), a fess.

209

cheqtiy \or) and {az.) between three owls (nvg.) impaling Quarterly
I. and IV. (Arg.), a lion rampant {sa.) Cressey. II. and III.
(Erin.) three bars {gu.) Hussey (?).

Reverse. A portion of a group of sons, c. 1500.

Barley.

Obverse. Inscription to Robert Bryckett, 1566. Size of plate,
20^ X 31^ inches, in two pieces respectively measuring 14 a and
5f inches. Formerly on the nave floor but now hanging on the
south wall.

^ic iattt EobcrtujS ISrpcfectt ffcu'osfu^* qui obiit bfcimo
Xiit 3Iunu Sinno mi ^" tttcC litr tt nam mc rlir

Reverse. Only the larger piece of the inscription is palimp-
sest, having on its reverse the greater portion of another inscrip-
tion to Richard Pecok, citizen and armourer, and his wives

and Isabell. Apparently late fifteenth century.

€)rate p a'ia Eicami ^t:ok ciM t armer

\ii\° iliufif flff bruarii anno ^i millmo etc

tt I gisalirllc uroru ri'tie €iuorum animabu

For a notice of this palimpsest the writer is indebted to
Mr. W. Frampton Andrews, of Hertford.

KENT.

Erith.

Another piece of the Flemish brass used as the reverse of the
inscription to Anne Harmon, 1574, is to be found at Isleworth,
Middlesex, used as the reverse of the inscription of Frances
Holland, 1575, but now fastened down.

Margate.
I.
In the first line for " Gredo " read " Credo."

MIDDLESEX.

Hackney.

Two shields, 6^ x 5^ inches, from the brass to John Lymsey,
1545, and wife Margaret (Pickenham). Loose in 1903.

This brass, restored from an early drawing, is engraved in

2IO

the Rev. H. Haines' Manual of Mommental Brasses, Introd.,
p. ccxxxi., and in Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, N. S., vol.
ii. p. 309. The sons and one shield were then lost and the
marginal inscription was imperfect. The figure of the lady,
most probably a palimpsest, and the fragments of the marginal

Palimpsest Shields, Hackney, Middlesex.

About one-third full-size.

inscription have now disappeared, and within the last few
months the shield bearing the arms of Pickenham has also
vanished. The figure of John Lymsey appears to be of earlier
date, c. 1510-20, possibly spoil from some monastic house re-used
by the brass engraver without any alteration.

211

Obverse. Shield No. I., originally at the lower sinister corner
of the slab, bears Quarterly I. and IV. (Or), an eagle displayed
(gu.) charged on the breast with a mullet (or), within a bar dure {of the
second) charged with eight cinquefoils (arg.) Lymsey. II. (Gu.), two
bars gemel between three annulets (arg.) Ryckhill. III. {Arg.), a
chevron {sa.) between three columbines ppr. Coventry.

Shield No. II., originally at the upper sinister corner of the
slab, bears Lymsey and quarterings as in No. I. impaling
PiCKENHAM, {Az.), a Uou rampant {or) holding a battle axe, headed
{arg.), hafted {or).

Reverse. The shields have been cut out of a large quad-
rangular plate of Flemish workmanship of the early part of
the sixteenth century. Allowing for the shape of the shields
the pieces join together and show the upper part of a figure
of St. John the Baptist in his camel skin robe, holding in his
left hand an open book and pointing thereto with his right.
Below the book, and not thereon as usual, is the Holy Lamb
with banner, but of this only the nimbus surrounding the head
and part of the banner are visible. The background is diapered
with a pattern of large foliage work, whilst architectural design,
probably intended to represent the interior of a church, fills the
top of the plate, the two supporting columns at the sides being
ornamented with a chevron pattern. The plate appar*ent]y
belongs to the type in which the person commemorated is
represented kneeling with a figure of his patron saint standing
behind him, in this case St. John the Baptist.

The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. F. Williams for notice
of this interesting find and for rubbings of the plates.

London, British Museum.

The following palimpsests formerly in the possession of the
late Mr. Bayfield, of Norwich, have recently been deposited in
the Museum.

Tiie inscription from Trunch, Norfolk. See Trunch, Nor-
folk, and also Norfolk additions and corrections.

212

11.

A small fragment, 2i x i inch, bearing on the obverse the feet

of a civilian, c. 1530,
and on the reverse a
portion of a canopy
from a fourteenth
century Flemish brass.

III.

Another fragment,
3^ + i^ inches, bear-
ing on the obverse a
fragment of a sixteenth
century inscription

trill tiie octo...

and the tops of the
letters of another line,
and on the reverse the
letters KCE ^om a
Flemish marginal inscription of the fourteenth century.

Palimpsest Fragment.

Full si/e.

NORTHOLT.

Reproduced in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society,
vol. ii. pi. 29, with the palimpsest portions.

NORFOLK.
The palimpsests at Felmingham ; Halvergate (2) ; Merton ;
Norwich, St. John Maddermarket, to Nicholas Suttherton, 1540,
St. Martin-at-Palace, St. Peter Mancroft, and in the Strangers'
Hall ; Great Ormesby ; Paston ; Salhouse ; and Sail, are repro-
duced in Norfolk Archaology, vol. xv. pp. 61-90.

Felmingham.

Reverse. Inscription to William Elyes, chaplain, 1500. Local.

€)ratc 5 aiii M,i\\\ (El^egf captUani
qui olnit bi' tiie i|5oucbr' a° ri W^""

Loosely suspended by a nail on the wall at the west end of
the nave.

213

II,

Also loosely suspended by a nail on the wall at the West end
of the nave. The writer is indebted to the Rev. J. F, Williams
for the rubbing of the reverse of No. I., and for the notes on the
present positions of the brasses.

Merton.

The brass to Thomas de Grey, 1562, is no longer beneath a
pew but on the floor of the south aisle.

Paston.
The recovery and restoration of the Paston shields is thus
recorded in Norfolk Archaology, vol. iv. p. 360, under date 4th
November, 1852, " The Rev. John Gunn informed the Com-
mittee that Mr. Rising, of Horning, had handed to him a brass
formerly on the tomb of Erasmus Paston in Paston church ; and
that another had been found in the possession of a blacksmith at
North Walsham ; both of which he had caused to be restored to
their original positions on the tomb." For this note the writer
is indebted to the Rev. J. F. Williams.

Trunch.

The inscription to Walter Bownyng and wife Melicent, 1473,
has recently been found amongst the effects of the late Mr. Bay-
field, and is now deposited in the British Museum. It is broken
into five pieces and is in a very fragile condition. The surname
appears to be " Bownyng," and his wife's christian name
" Meloci(n)t."

SUFFOLK.
Denham.
A rubbing of the palimpsest portion is in the collection of
Mr. Arthur H. Brown, of Brentwood. Another copy is said to
be kept in the vestry of the church.

SURREY.

CoBHAM."

Mr. H. Gough, of Redhill, suggests that the words on the
bowl of the chalice should read " Esto m(ihi) Ihs."

214

SUMMARY.

The term " palimpsest," although not strictly accurate, is, like
many other words also not strictly accurate, a very convenient
word to apply to this class of memorial. In its true sense the
term is applied to ancient manuscripts where older writing has
been effaced to make way for new script. It was first employed
by the late Mr. Albert Way, F.S.A., in reference to brasses, and
although other words have been suggested at various times this
term seems to be the most convenient and to be in general use.

Palimpsest brasses may be divided into two main classes :

A. Appropriated and converted brasses.

B. Brasses which bear on their reverse side engravings
of figures, inscriptions, &c., either of English or foreign
workmanship. This class may be subdivided into three
heads :

(i) Wasters from the workshop.

(2) Spoil from the destruction of the monastic houses

and chantries in our own country.

(3) Imported plate and spoil from the destruction

of the religious houses in the Low countries.

By far the greater number of palimpsests fall under Class B
and its subdivisions, and as it is only by chance or by the acci-
dental loosening of plates that the opportunity arises for their
examination, many more may still be noted from time to time.
To a certain extent the classes overlap as in the cases of Water-
perry, Oxon., and Okeover, Staffs., where some of the plates are
simply turned over and re-engraved. The Okeover brass was
most probably monastic spoil and very possibly the one at
Bromham, Beds., came from a similar source. The Lymsey
brass at Hackney, dated 1545, but now nearly all lost, appears
to have been a compound example, the man being in armour of
the period, c. 1510-20, the lady in a costume of the period of the
date of the brass, whilst two of the shields are cut out of a
foreign example.

Class A. — Appropriated and converted brasses. In some
cases earlier brasses have been simply appropriated by the
addition of a new inscription and new shields, or the old ones
turned over and re-engraved, without any alteration to the
figures or canopies. Examples occur at Bromham, Beds., where
a brass to a man in armour and his two wives, c. 1430-40, has

215

been turned into a memorial for Sir John Dyve, 1535, his wife,
and his mother, by the addition of a new foot-inscription and the
insertion of a new shield bearing the Dyve arms ; at Bright-
lingsea, Essex, where a bracket, c. 1400, now carries the figures
of two ladies of the Beriffe family who died in 1536, it is very
probable that these two figures are cut out of the larger figures
which originally occupied their places ; at Gunby, Line, where
a brass to one of his own family, c. 1405, was turned into a
memorial for Sir Thomas Massyngberde and his wife Joan, 1552,
by the simple process of cutting or beating down the earlier
incised inscription and making a new one in raised lettering,
traces of the earlier inscription being still visible between the
words of the later ; at Laughton, in the same county, is a some-
what similar instance, where an armed figure, c. 1400, probably a
member of the Dalyson family, has, by the insertion of a new
inscription, become the memorial of William Dalyson, who died
in 1546, the inscription also mentioning his son George, who
died in 1549, some small repairs to the canopy work seem to
have been effected at the same time ; at Horley, Surrey, where
the figure of a lady, c. 1420, now, by the insertion of a small
inscription under her feet, purports to be Joan Fenner, who died
in 1516; at Ticehurst, Sussex, where a large armed figure,
c. 1370, now appears with two small figures of ladies, c. 1500,
and an inscription to John Wybarne, who died in 1490, and his
two wives Edith and Agnes, the latter of whom died in 1502 ; and
at Norwich, St. Stephen, where the figure of a lady, c. 1410, has
received a new inscription turning her into one Eel (or Ele)
Buttry, who died in 1546. In a few cases brasses were not only
appropriated but practically converted into new memorials
by various alterations and additions to the figures themselves.
Of this, the true form of palimpsest, only four examples have
been noticed, viz., at Chalfont St. Peter, Bucks. ; Great Ormsby,
Norfolk ; Waterperry, Oxon. ; and Okeover, Staffs. In the
example at Chalfont the figure of a priest in mass vestments,
c. 1440, has been altered by the addition of shading, the rounding
of the toes, and the addition of a new inscription making him into
Robert Hanson, vicar of Chalfont, who died in 1545. At Great
Ormsby, the three-quarter figure of a lady, c. 1440, has been
altered by the insertion of much coarse shading and the addition
of a new inscription (now lost), to represent Alice, wife of Sir
Robert Clere, who died in 1538. The brass at Waterperry must
remain more or less a mystery until the reverses can be properly

2l6

examined. At the present time it is the memorial of Walter
Curzon, who died in 1527, and his wife Isabel, but possibly the
brass may have been recut a few years later. Anyway the
original brass commemorated a man in armour and his wife,
c. 1445, with a marginal inscription and probably four shields of
arms. To convert this earlier armed figure into one conforming
with the date of Curzon's death it became necessary to make
extensive alterations in the style of armour, A new head and
shoulders had to be provided but the rest of the figure was
altered by strengthening the breast plate with several overlapping
plates, partially obliterating the oblong palettes, converting the
taces into a skirt of mail, inserting mail gussets at the insteps,
and rounding the pointed sollerets. All the lines of the body
armour were invecked and shaded and small additions made to
the ground on which the lion rests and to the ornamentation of
the scabbard of the sword. The upper half of the lady is either
a new plate or the old one turned over and re-engraved, but the
lower half is the original with the addition of a little shading and
the continuation of the chain carrying the pomander box. The
marginal inscription appears to have been simply turned over and
re-engraved, as there is a record of a loose piece (now lost) which
had on its reverse a portion of another inscription. The brass at
Okeover is a similar instance, but an examination of the reverses
has enabled a complete identification to be made. Originally laid
down to the memory of William, fifth Lord Zouch, of Harring-
worth, and his two wives, about the year 1447, soon after the
death of his first wife, Alice Seymour, it became, probably as
spoil from some monastic house, the memorial of Humphrey
Oker, who died in 1538, his wife, Isabel, and their children.
Little alteration was really made in the brass, except in the figure
of Lord Zouch, where portions of the body armour were cut
away and a tabard charged with Oker arms made in the indent
thus created. The upper part of the helmet with its cresi yas
removed and the crest of Oker substituted. The lady on the
dexter side remained unaltered and passed as Isabel Oker, but
the second lady was superfluous, so her figure was reversed, and
thereon were engraved the Oker children in three rows, the head
and shoulders of the figure being filled up with an oak tree
bearing a shield. The original shields and the marginal inscrip-
tion were simply turned over and re-engraved.

Class B. — Brasses which bear on their reverse side engrav-
ings of figures, inscriptions, &c., either of English or foreign

217

workmanship, sub- divided into three heads : (i) wasters from
the workshop, (2) spoil from the destruction of the monastic
houses and chantries in our own country, and (3) imported plate
and spoil from the destruction of religious houses and churches
in the Low Countries.

(i) Wasters from the workshop, including plates cancelled
through some error either in detail or in the inscription or
heraldry, or from the design not meeting with approval. As
Mr. Waller remarks in the introduction to his Series of Monu-
mental Brasses, p. ix., "Spoilt metal from the workshop must
have been of frequent occurrence, as experience in the manu-
facture of similar memorials proves." The dates of the two
sides generally but not always nearly coincide.

Examples of wasters closely corresponding in date occur
at Luton, Beds., where the figure of Isabel Hay, 1455, has
on the reverse portions of unfinished canopy work of much
the same date; Chalfont St. Giles, Bucks., where the inscrip-
tion to John and Elizabeth Salter, 1523, has on the reverse
another inscription to Thomas and Anne Bredham, 152 1 ; Stone,
Bucks., where the figure of Thomas Gorney, 1520, shows on the
reverse a portion of a figure of a lady, c. 1440-50, whilst the
nscription bears a portion of another inscription to Christopher
Tharpe, who is said to have died in 1514; Lytton Cheyney,
Dorset, where two inscriptions, one to Alexander Warnby, i486,
and another to John and Thomas Newpton, of about the same
date, have been made from an inscription to John Chapman,
fishmonger, 1471, by the simple process of cutting the latter
inscription into two pieces ; it is curious to find the two pieces
still in the same church, and as the lettering of the later inscrip-
tions suggests a local origin, whilst that of the Chapman inscrip-
tion appears to be of London make and is yet quite sharp,
showing no signs of wear, it may perhaps be conjectured that
the local man applied to a London firm for a piece of metal and
received the inscription which he promptly cut in two; Fing-
ringhoe, Essex, where the inscription to John Alleyn, c. 1600,
has on the reverse a portion of a text of much the same date ;
Bristol, Temple Church, where a priest in processional vest-
ments, c. 1460, is cut out of a lady of about the same date;
St. Alban's Abbey, Herts., where the lower portion of an un-
known abbot, c. 1400, shows on the reverse the lower half of a
lady, also of about the same date ; Downe, Kent, where the
inscription to John Bederenden, 1445, bears on the reverse a

2l8

portion of an inscription of similar date ; Margate, Kent, where
the inscription to Thomas Smyth, vicar, 1433, has on the
reverse the almost complete inscription to John and Alice
Dalton, 1430 ; Loughborough, Leicestershire, where the much
worn inscription to Giles Jordan, 1441, bears on the reverse
another inscription to Elizabeth Lisle, 1438 ; Southacre, Nor-
folk, where some of the fragments of the brass to Sir Roger
Harsick and wife, 1454, bear other fragments on the reverse,
including one small Flemish bit; Nether Heyford, Northants.,
where a shield bearing the Heyford arms from the brass to John
Mauntell and wife, c. 1400, shows on the reverse the arms of
Montacute quartering Longespee, possibly intended for the arms
of WilHam de Montacute, second Earl of Salisbury of that
name, who died in 1397; Goring, Oxon., where some children,
c. 1600, have on the reverse an inscription to Walter Prunes,
T594, in this case the inscription has been cut in two, one half
for the sons, the other for the daughters; Clifton Campville,
Staffs., where the half effigy of a lady, c. 1350-60, on a bracket,
is cut out of a cross-legged figure in mail, c. 1300; Ampton,
Suffolk, where a lady, c. 1490, bears on the reverse another lady,
c. 1470; Cookley, Suffolk, where a group of children, 1595, has
on the reverse a portion of an inscription of about the same
date ; Sanderstead, Surrey, where an inscription to Nicholas
Wood, 1586, bears on the reverse another inscription to Nicholas
Pury, 1585 ; Willingdon, Sussex, a similar case, one side of an
inscription bearing date 1618-19, the other 1618 ; and Melksham,
Wilts., where two shields, 161 2, are respectively cut out of a
figure brass and an inscription, both of about the same date.

In some cases a greater length of time is observable between
the engraving of the two sides, and this may possibly be ac-
counted for by the plates becoming loose and so lost, or by theft
or losses during repairs and rebuilding, when, as in our own
time, the plates would eventually find their way into the hands
of the dealers in old metal and so back to the workshops. Such
may have been the case at Ashover, Derbyshire, where the in-
scription to Thomas Babyngton, 15 18, has on its reverse another
inscription to Robert Prykke, 1450; Braughing, Herts., where a
civilian, c. 1480, is cut out of a lady, c. 1440; King's Langley,
Herts., where the inscription to William Carter, 1528, has on
the reverse another inscription dated 1487; Godmersham, Kent,
where the inscription to William Geffray, 1516, has on the
reverse an inscription to William Attilburgh, 1471 ; Boston,

219

Line, where one lady, c. 1460, is cut out of another, c. 1390;
Ipsden, Oxon., where the figures of Thon:ias and Isabel
Englysche, 1525, are respectively cut out of the figure of a
lady and of an inscription, c. 1420; Oxford, Magdalen College
Chapel, where the inscription to John Caly, 15 15, has on the
reverse another inscription to Isabel Fyscher, 1464 ; Stanton
St. John, Oxon., where the inscription to Anne Frene, 1524,
is cut out of the figure of a lady, c. 1300; and Etchingham,
Sussex, where the Echynghani-Oxenbrigg inscription, 1480, has
on the reverse an inscription to Thomas Austin, 1405. The
engraver who restored the legs of Sir John de Northwode, at
Minster, Isle of Sheppey, Kent, in the early part of the sixteenth
century appropriated an earlier figure from somewhere in order
to carry out this repair.

In the few cases where both sides of the plate refer to the
same person, it may be assumed that the original engraving was
rejected either from some error in detail, or from the design not
meeting with approval, or from the inscription containing some
expression not in harmony with the times. The brass at Bur-
well, Cambs., to John Lawrence, abbot of Ramsay from 1508 to
1539, was probably prepared during his lifetime and represented
him as an abbot, but on his death in 1542 the figure was altered
and he simply appears in cassock, surplice, and almuce. The
half effigy of Thomas Cod, vicar of St. Margaret's, Rochester,
1465, was originally vested in cassock, surplice, almuce, and
cope, but on the later side the amice takes the place of the
almuce ; the reason for this change is not obvious. A shield
at Frenze, Norfolk, bears on its obverse the arms of Loudham,
whilst on the reverse is an unfinished shield with the arms of
Blenerhayset quartering Orton. The inscription originally pre-
pared for John Marsham in 1525, formerly in the church of
St. John Maddermarket, Norwich, contained a grant of so many
days pardon, but this plate was cancelled and a new inscription,
altogether different in style, engraved on the other side. At
Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, the feat of agility performed by
John Selwyn at a stag-hunt in the presence of Queen Elizabeth
is twice engraved. The earlier engraving is very lightly done
and shows him riding on the stag, without hat, whilst with
his left hand he holds the stag's horns and with the other
plunges the sword into its neck. This does not seem to have
been approved and a more spirited representation of the scene
was engraved on the other side. Selwyn now wears a hat and
cloak and keeps his seat without holding the horns of the stag.

220

(a) Spoil from the dissolution of the monastic houses between
1536-g, and the dissolution of the chantries, &c.,in 1547. These
wholesale and sweeping destructions flooded the market with old
metal and have provided by far the largest class of palimpsests.
In a few cases it is possible to identify with more or less certainty
the places from which the original brasses came, as at Dench-
worth, Berks., where the inscription to William Hyde, and wife,
1562, bears on its reverse the record of the laying of a foundation
stone of Bisham Abbey, by King Edward III., in 1333 ; at
Reading, St. Laurence, Berks., where the brass to Walter Barton,
1538, is entirely made up of portions of the brass, including the
complete inscription, of Sir John Popham, who died in 1463, and
was buried, according to Stowe, in the Charterhouse, London ;
in Eton College Chapel, where the inscription to Elizabeth
Stokes, 1560, has on the i*everse another inscription to Walter
Haugh, 1505, who by will desired to be buried in the chapel
of St. John Baptist, at Worstead, Norfolk ; curiously enough,
both inscriptions are the work of Norfolk engravers ; at Hedgerly,
Bucks., where, on the back of the inscription to Margaret
Bulstrode, 1540, is another to Thomas Totyngton, abbot of
Bury ; at Norbury, Derbyshire, where portions of the brass to
Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, and wife, 1538, appear to have come
from a brass of the De Verdun family, who buried in Croxden
Abbey ; at Walkern, Herts., where, on the back of the inscrip-
tion to Richard Humberstone, 1581, is an inscription to John
Lovekyn, lord mayor of London, who was buried in the church
of St. Michael, Crooked Lane ; at Halvergate, Norfolk, where
the inscription to Robert Golword, 1543, bears on its reverse
another inscription to a Lady Scales, probably from Blackburgh
Priory, the burial place of the Scales family ; at Norwich,
St. John Maddermarket, the Rugge brass, 1558, is probably made
up of spoil from the great abbey of St. Benet Hulme ; at
Shipton-under-Wychwood, Oxon., the plate bearing the figure
and inscription to Elizabeth Home, 1548, doubtless came from
some church in Aylesbury, since it records on its reverse the en-
dowment of a chantry in that town, and at Rodmell, Sussex,
John de la Chambre, 1673, or rather his executors or representa-
tives, seem to have appropriated an inscription already in the
church and simply engraved Chambre's inscription on the back.
In addition to these, other examples of spoil occur at Flitton,
Beds. ; Chichley, Middle Claydon, Denham, a fine example,
having on the reverse the almost complete figure of a friar

221

together with an inscription to John Pyke, probably a school-
master, since his shield bears the device of a birchrod, Eton
College Chapel, Hedgerley, and Taplow, three examples, all in
Bucks. ; Cambridge, Queens' College ; Chester, Holy Trinity,
where the reverse shows the leg of an armed man wearing the
Order of the Garter ; Braunton, Devonshire ; Fryerning, Stret-
hall, Tolleshunt Darcy, two examples, Upminster, and VVal-
thamstow, all in Essex ; Dummer, Odiham and Winchester in
Hampshire ; Aldenham, Great Berkhampstead, Eastwick, and
Walkern, in Hertfordshire ; Cuxton (2), Faversham, West
Mailing, Penshurst, Shorne (lost), and Westerham, all in Kent;
Manchester Cathedral ; Cranford, Harlington, Littleton, London,
All Hallows, Barking, and Northolt, all in Middlesex ; Felming-
ham (2), Halvergate, Merton, Narborough, Norwich, St. John
Maddermarket (2), St. Martin-at-Palace, and Ranworth, all in
Norfolk ; Checkendon, Oxon. ; Oxford, Magdalen College
Chapel; Bury St. Edmund's, Suffolk; Camberwell, Cheam,
Cobham, in Surrey ; Morland, Westmorland ; West Lavington,
Wilts; and Howden, Ilkley and Sessay, Yorkshire.

(3) Imported material, mostly from the Low Countries.
Flanders and the neighbouring provinces were early celebrated
for the manufacture of plates of " latten " or brass, and large
quantities must have been imported into England as the plate
was apparently not made at home until the time of Queen
Elizabeth. Amongst this imported material must have been a
certain quantity of shop waste, which seems to be the only way
to account for the existence of certain early Flemish examples,
as at Great Bowden, Leic, where the inscription to William ,

Wolstonton, rector, 1403, bears on the reverse a portion of
a small Flemish brass of a civilian under a canopy, c. 1350; at
Horncastle, Line, where portions of the brass to Sir Lionel k <^\^
Dymoke, 1519, are composed of foreign fragments; at Southacre,
Norfolk, where the remains of the brass to Sir Roger Harsyk \ 'Oi
and wife, 1454, include a piece of a Flemish marginal inscrip-
tion ; other fragments occur at Sail, c. 1480, and at Trunch, \ Hi ^ r
1473, both in Norfolk ; and at Ewelme, Oxon., 1494. The
reverse of the great Flemish brass at Topcliffe, Yorkshire, dated
1391, is said to be entirely covered with earlier work, and at
Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex, is preserved a portion of the border of
another Flemish brass, of late fourteenth century date, the two
sides of which differ but slightly in design and date.

Flemish fragments are mostly found between the years 1540

T^O

and 1590, and this may be accounted for by the rehgious troubles
in the Low Countries which cuhninated in the outbreak of the
Calvinists in 1566, when no fewer than 400 churches in Flanders
and Brabant alone were pillaged, and the subsequent outrages
committed by the Beggars of the Sea or water gueux in 1572,
whose first acts were to plunder churches.

Examples of the re-use such Flemish fragments have been
noted at Winestead, Yorks, c. 1540; Tolleshunt Darcy, Essex,
1540, preserving a complete inscription to Robert and Maud le
Wale, 1362; Isleworth, Middlesex, 1544 and 1575; Bayford,
Herts., c. 1545; Upminster, Essex, 1545; Aylesford, Kent,
1545; Hackney, Middlesex, 1545; Hadleigh, Suffolk, c. 1560;
Pottesgrove, Beds., 1563; Westerham, Kent, 1563; Norwich,
St. Peter Mancroft, 1568; West Lavington, Wilts., 1559 (but
engraved later); Mawgan-in-Pyder, Cornwall, 1573, i577> 1578
and 1586; Stondon Massey, Essex, 1573; Haseley, Warw.,
1573; Constantine, Cornwall, 1574; Erith, Kent, 1574; Harrow,
Middlesex, 1574; Oxford, St. Mary Magdalen, 1574, and St.
Peter-in-the-East, 1574; Denham, Suffolk, 1574; Wimbish,
Essex, c, 1575; Cookham, Berks., 1577; Cley, Norfolk, 1578;
Norton Disney, Line, c. 1580; Paston, Norfolk, c. 1580;
Yealmpton, Devon., 1580; Pinner, Middlesex, 1580; Hales-
worth, Suffolk, 1581 ; Lee, Kent, 1582 ; Margate, Kent, 1582 ;
Camberwell, Surrey, 1582; W^alkern, Herts., 1583 ; and Aveley,
Essex, 1584. About ten of these fragments belong to the four-
teenth century and chiefly show canopy work, as at Pottesgrove,
Mawgan-in-Pyder, two very fine pieces, Stondon Massey, Isle-
worth, Ewelme, and Haseley. A portion of an armed figure
together with canopy work and inscription occurs at Constan-
tine ; a complete inscription at Tolleshunt Darcy ; part of a
lady with canopy work at Harrow ; and a portion of a civilian
at Winestead. About eight belong to the fifteenth century,
as at Cookham, mostly canopy and diaper work ; at Yeal-
hampton, the upper portion of an oblong plate with soul of
the deceased in a sheet, the head of the person commemorated
and heads of his patron saints ; at Aveley and Margate, strips
of marginal inscriptions, the latter with scenes from the life
of man ; at Upminster and Bayford, portions of figures ; at
Walkern, inscriptions and heraldry ; and at Paston, inscription
and head of a figure. From eighteen to twenty belong to the
sixteenth century and comprise various designs, as at Mawgan-
in-Pyder, heraldry and portions of figures ; Stondon Massey,

heraldry; Walkern, children; Aylesford, Westerham, and Ox-
ford, St. Peter, canopy work^ Erith and Isleworth, heraldry;
Norton Disney, West Lavington, and Oxford, St, Mary Mag-
dalen, inscriptions; Hackney, Norwich, St. Peter Mancroft,
Denham (Suffolk), Hadleigh, Halesworth, and Camberwell,
portions of figures, some with canopy work and some with
bits of inscriptions. Some brasses are made up of fragments
of various dates, as at Stondon Massey, a mixture of fourteenth
and sixteenth century work ; and at Walkern, where no fewer
than four brasses of various dates have been made use of to
build up the Humberstone memorial. On the other hand the
brass at St. Peter-in-the-East, Oxford, is entirely, with the
exception of a part of the children, cut out of one plate, the
various pieces fitting together and forming the greater part
of a canopy.

In three cases only have pieces of the same Flemish brass
been found in different churches, viz., at Upcmircn, Essex,
and Bayford, Herts., where are portions of the figure of an
abbot or bishop, the later side in each case bearing date 1545;
at Erith, Kent, and Isleworth, Middlesex, portions of an heraldic
device, the obverses dating respectively 1574 and 1575; and at
Norton Disney, Line, and West Lavington, Wilts., portions of
a long inscription recording the foundation of a mass, the date,
1518, appearing on the Disney piece, whilst the name of the
church, Westmonstre, is preserved on the Lavington fragment.

The re-use of brasses was not entirely confined to sepulchral
monuments, for amongst the collections of the Society of Anti-
quaries is a late seventeenth century clock, the face of which
is cut out of a memorial inscription, and a sundial made by
R. Treswell in 1582, exhibited at the Bristol Meeting of the
Archaeological Institute in 1851, bears on its reverse a portion
of an emaciated and shrouded figure extended on a mattress.
Occasionally palimpsest stones are found, as at Morley, Derby-
shire, probably spoil from the neighbouring abbey of Dale.
The fine series of garter plates preserved in St. George's
Chapel, Windsor, contains four palimpsest examples, the
helms and crests of three plates having been turned over and
re-engraved, whilst the fourth bears on its reverse an unfinished
design for another plate. ^

' See W. II. St. J. Hope's Siall Plates of Knighls of the Garter, and Proc.
Soi. Antiq., 2 S. vol. xviii. p. 14S.

Index.

'?o

INDEX OF NAMES AND PLACES.

• •• ■

125

203

• 97. 99,

184

. 56, 208,

221

34.

217

■. 162,

218

199

157

;holas...

, ...

120

223

I'AGE

Abbott, Thomas ...
Adderley (Salop.)
Additions and Corrections
Adrianson, Adrian
Aldenham (Herts.)
Aldermaston (Berks.)
Alleyn, Ailse, 34 ; John
Amiens (France) ...
Ampton (Suff.) ...
Andrew, W. J. ...
Anne of Bf)hemia, Queen
Annesley, Isabel, 75 ; Nicholas
Anthony (Cornwall)
Antiquaries, Society of
Arundell, Cicily, 24 ; Edward,

25 ; George, 22 ; Isabel, 22

Jane, 23; Mary
Arundell of Wardour, Lord
Ashover (Derby) ...
Ashton, Steeple (Wilts.)
Astley (Warw.) ...
Aston, arms of
Aston, Isabel, 160; John
Atkinson, Annes, 149 ; Richard
Attilhurgh, Margaret, 74 ;

William

Austin, Thomas ...
Avantage, John, bishop

Amiens ...
Aveley (Essex) ... ... 31

Awodde, Dyones, 175; John
Aylesbury (Bucks.)

Aylesford (Kent) 69,

Ayscough, Jane ...

26,

25
218
188
181
161
160
149

74, 218
178,219
of

... 30
, 90, 222

- 175

150, 220

222, 223

96, 97

Babham, John, 5 ; Mary ... 5
Babington, Sir Anthony, 76 ;

Elizabeth, 76 ; Isabel, 26 ;

John, 26 ; Thomas ... 26, 218

Bacon, Adam de ... ... .. 125

Ball, Chrystian, 65 ; Elizabeth,

65 ; John 65

Bardolf, Elizabeth, I19; Lord... 119

Barett, arms of ... ... ... 32

Barett, Charles, 31 ; Chiistian,

31 ; Edward ... ... ... 31

Barlee, George, lOl ; William ... loi

Barley (Herts.) ... ... ... 209

Barton, Walter ... ... ...7, 220

Basle (Switzerland) ... ... 30

Bassett, Elizabeth, 28 ; Jane, 147 ;

Thomas, 147 ; William ... 28
Bave, James, 169; Kateline ... 169
Bayfield, Mr. ... 134, 141, 21 1, 213
Bayford (Herts.)... 57, 58, 222, 223
Baynlun, Joan, 59 ; Thomas ... 59
Beauchamp, John, 158, 159; Mar-
garet, 159; Roger 159

Beauchamp of Bletso, arms of ... 158
Beaufort, John, duke of Somerset 159
Bederenden, John ... 72, 217

Bedfordshire ... ... ... i

Bedingfield, Anne, 115; Anthony,

163 ; Sir Edmund, 163 ; Eustace 115
Bellamy, Dorothy, 103 ; William 103
Bellingham, arms of ... ... loi

Bellingham, Anne, 100; David,

100; Elizabeth, 10; Walter... 10
Benstede, arms of ... ... 63

Berkhampstead, Great (Hert=.) 59, 221
Berkshire ... ... ... ... 4

Berners, Leonard, 35 ; Mary, 35 ;

William 35

Berry, arms of ... ... ... 136

Berwick (Northumb.) ... ... 6, 7

Beryff, Dame Alice, 32 ; Mar-
garet 32

Betchworth (Surrey) ... ... 166

Bisham Priory (Berks.) ... 6, 7, 220
Blackburgh Priory (Norf. j 119, 220
Blenerhasset, arms of ... 129, 130
Blenerhasset, Jane, 128 ; John,

128, 129 ; Ralph 118

Blewbury, Berks. .. ... ... 4

BIythe, John 183

Boileau, Sir M. ... ... ... 199

Boleyn, Alice, 135; Sir William 135
Bolingbroke, L. G. ... ... 133

Bonde, Anne, 108; William ... 108
Boothe, Alice, 87 ; Sir John ... 87
Boston (Line.) ... ... 93, 21S

Botery, see BiUtry.

Bouchier, John, Earl of Bath, 29 ;

Lady Elizabeth ... ... 29

Bowcer, see Bouchier.

Bowden, Great (Leic). ... 89, 221

Bownell, Mardocheus, 100; Nich-
olas, 100; Thomas ... ... 100

Bownyng, Millicent, 142, 213 ;
Walter... ... ... 142, 213

226

Index.

PAGE

Boys, John de ... ... ... 44

Braughing (Herts.) ... 60, 218

Braunton (Devon.) ... 29, 221

Braytoft, Joan, 94 ; John ... 94

Bredham, Anne, 8, 217; Thomas,

8, 217
Brierly, Laurence ... ... 204

Brightlingsea (Essex) ... 32,215

Bristol (GIouc), Temple Church 53, 217
British Museum, see London.
Bromham (Beds.) ... ...i,

Brook, Agatha, 178; Henry de,

127; John

Broughton, John ...

Brouncker, Henry

Brown, arms of ...

Browne, John, 165 ; Margery,

163 ; Richard, 163 ; William
Bruges (Belgium), The Beguinage,

89 ; The Cathedral
Bryckett, Robert...
Buchanan, George
Buckinghamshire. . .
Bullen, Sir Thomas
Bullock, arms of ...
Bullock, Ralph ,..
Bulstrode, Edward, 14 ; Margaret,

14, 220
Burgundy, arms of ... ... 38

Burgundy, Dukes of, 38 ; Isabel,

214

178

158

187

163

169

. 209

. 198

.8, 203

• 191
191

Duchess of, 30 ; Mary of

Burneshead, arms of

• • .

lOI

Burwell (Cambs.)

18,

219

Bury St. Edmund's (Suff.)

162,

221

Buttry, Ele or Ede, 134,

215;

"William...

134

Buttyll, John

Bycklay, William

• . .

176

Byrde, Henry

...

Calthorpe, arms of ... 129, 130

Calthorpe, Dame Jane, 128 ; Sir

Philip 128

Caly, John 146, 219

Camberwell (Surrey) 168, 221, 222, 223
Cambridge, Queens' College 19, 221
Cambridgeshire ... ... ... 18

Camoys, Lady, 174; Lord ... 174

Campsey Ash (SufF.) 134

Carrew, Temperance, 120 ; Sir

Wymond ... ... ... 120

Carter, Alice, 63 ; William 63, 218
Castell, arms of ... ... ... 108

Cater, Margery ... ... ... 6

Cave, Anthony, 9 ; Elizabeth ... 9

Cerff, John 91

Chalfont St. Giles (Bucks.) ...8, 217
Chalfont St. Peter (Bucks.) ...9, 215
Chambre, John de la ... 178,220
Chapman, Alice, 31,208; John,

31, 207, 208, 217

PAGE

••• 155
... 105
170, 221

Eliza-

143

Chartham (Kent)

Chase, William ...
Cheam (Surrey) ...
Chechester, Edward, 29

beth

Checkendon (Oxon.)

Cheddar (Somerset.)

Cheddar, Sir Thomas

Cheshire ...

Chester, Holy Trinity ..

Chicheley (Bucks.)

Chy . . . , Thomas

Chyttok, John

Cinque Ports, arms of ,.

Cla . . . , Thomas

Claydon, Middle (Bucks.)

Clere, Alice, 135, 215 ; Sir Robert

13s
Clerk, Elizabeth, 47 ; Jenkyn, 47 ;

Robert

Cleves, arms of, 38 ; dukes of

221

■• 153

■■ 153

20, 221

9, 220

.. 74

.. 148

•• 73
19

..9, 220

215

55
... 38
1 16, 222

Cley (Norfolk)

Clifford of Frampton, arms of ... 1 50

Clifton Campville (Staffs.) 155, 218

Clippesby (Norfolk) 116

Clock with palimpsest face ... 223
Ccbbe, Margaret, 146; Robert... 146
Cobham (Kent) ... ... ... 70

Cobham (Surrey).., 172, 213, 221

Cod, Thomas ... ... 82, 219

Colchester Museum (Essex) ... 32

Cole, Arthur 146

Constantine (Cornwall) ... 21, 203, 222
Cookham (Berks.) ... 5, 222

Cookley (Suff.) 163,218

Copleston, Isabel, 29; John ... 29

Cornwall ... 21, 203

Cornwall family, arms of ... loi

Cotton, Maud, 26, 27 ; Richard 27

Couhill, Elizabeth

Courtenay, arms of

Coventry, arms of. . .

Coverledge,

Cranford (Middsx.)

Creke, Lady

Cressey, arms of ...

Cressey, Thomas ...

Croxden Abbey (Staffs.)...

Crugge, Barbara, 18 1 ; John, 181 ;

\\'illiam...
Cumberland
Curzon, Isabel, 153, 216; Walter

153
Cuxton (Kent) 70

••• 75

... 170

... 210

... 74

100, 221

... 27

. . . 209

... 158
28, 220

181
25

216
221

Dale Abbey (Derby.) ... 26, 204, 223
Dalison, George, 95, 215 ; William

95. 215
Dalton, Alice, 77, 218 ; John 77, 218
Darcy, arms of ... ... ... 45

Index.

227

Daicy, Anthony, 43, 44 ; Katherine

43; Thomas ... ... ... 43

Dauntesay, arms of ... ... 187

Dauntesay, Ambrose, 187 ; Ger-
trude, 187 ; John, 99, 184, 185 ;

Margaret 185

Denchworth (Berks.) ... 6, 220

Dencort, Alice, 47 ; Annes, 47 ;
Elizabeth, 47 ; Ellen, 47 ;

Richard, 47 ; Robert, 47 ; Roger 50

Denham (Bucks.) 10, 220

Denham (Suffolk) 163, 213, 222, 223

Derby, Margaret, Countess of ... 107
Derbyshire ... ... 26, 204

Derelicts ... ... ... ... 201

Dering, Sir Edward, 85 ; James 84

Dethyk, Isabel, 26 ; Robert ... 26

Devonshire ... ... ... 29

Disney, Jane, 96 ; Margaret, 96 ;

Nele, 96 ; Richard, 96 ; William 96
Dolman, Elizabeth, 189 ; Peter,
189; Phillip, 189; Richard,

189; Timothy 189

Dorsetshire ... ... 30, 207

Dove, arms of ... ... ... 168

Dove, John, 168; Margaret ... 168

Downe (Kent) 72, 217

Draper, Anne, 73; John, 115;

Margery, 115; William ... 73

Drye, 138

Dummer (Hants.) ... 53, 221

Durham ... ... ... ... 31

Dymoke, Sir Lionel ... 94, 221

Dyve, arms of ... ... ... 2

Dyve, Elizabeth, 2 ; Isabel, 2 ;

Sir John ... ... 2, 215

Eastwick (Herts.) ... 60, 221

Echyngham, Elizabeth, 178 ;

Margaret, 178 ; Thomas, 178 ;

Sir Thomas, 153; Sir William 153
Edgcomb, Thomas ... ... 14

Edinburgh, St. Giles 197

Edward III., King ... 6, 220

Ellenbridge, arms of .. ... 170

EUesborough (Bucks.) ... ... 13

Elyes, William ... ... 117, 212

English, Isabel, 145, 219;

Thomas... ... ... 145, 219

Erith (Kent) 73, 108, 209, 222, 223
Ernley, John, 185 ; Margaret ... 185
Esscheric, Margaret, 30; Peter... 30
Essex ... ... ... ... 31

Etchingham (Sussex) 153, 156, 178, 219
Eton College (Bucks.) 14, 203, 220, 221
Everode, Anne, 120; Henry ... 120
Ewelme (Oxon.) ... ... 144, 221

Fabiller, Peter
Fairclyffe, William
Farley, S

55
162

189

PAGE

Fastolf, arms of ... ... ... 127

Fastolf, Sir John, 127 ; Milicent 127
Faversham (Kent) ... 73, 221

Felmingham (Norfolk) 117, 212, 221
Fenner, Joan, 174, 215 ; John ... 174
Fingringhoe (Essex) ... 34, 217

Fitzadrian, arms of ... ... 167

Fitzherbert, Sir Anthony, 26, 220 ;

Jane, 147; Maud, 26; Robert 147
Fitzlangley, arms of ... ... 45

Fladbury (Wore.) 82

Flanders, arms of... ... ... 38

Flemish fragments re-used, 4, 5, 22, 23,
24, 25, 29, 32, 36, 40, 45. 48, 53, 58,
66, 69, 73, 75, 79, 87, 89, 94, 97, 99,
104, 106, 107, 113, 115, 116, 133,
135. 136, 137, T39, 141, 142, 144,
147, 149, 163, 164, 166, 169, 182,
184, 188, 192, 196, 197, 200, 202,
203, 209, 210, 212, 221, 222, 223
Fliit, Elizabeth, 79 ; Thomas ... 79

Flitton (Beds.) 3, 220

Force, figure of ... ... ... 70

Forster, Sir George ... ... 8

Fortescue, Agnes, 29: Henry, 29;
Isabel ... ... ... ... 29

Fortitude, figure of ... ... 70

Franki.she, Anthony, 103 ; Dor-
othy 103

Frene, Anne ... ... 152, 219

Frenze (Norfolk) 117,219

Friar, figure of ... .., ... 13

Fromondes, arms of ... 170, 172
Fromondes, Bartholomew, 172;

Elizabeth, 170; Thomas ... 170
Frowick, Thomas ... ... 167

Fryerning (Essex) ... 35, 221

Fyscher, Isabel ... ... 146, 219

Gardener, Richard ... ... 138

Garter, Order of ... ... 20, 221, 223

Garter plates, palimpsest ... 223

Gedge, James, 35 ; Mary ... 35

Gee, Henry ... ... ... 20

Geffray, William ... ... 74,218

Gerard, Petet ... ... ... 80

Gerbridge, arms of ... ... 136

Gerveys, Jane, 21 ; Richard ... 21
Ghent Museum ... ... ... 89

Gloucestershire ... ... ... 53

Godmersham (Kent) ... 74, 218

Goldyngham, Elizabeth, 121 ;

John 121

Golword, Katherine, 119; Robert

119, 220

Goring (Oxon.) 144, 218

Gorney, Agnes, 15 ; Thomas 15, 217
Grantchester (Canibs.) ... ... 20

Graveney (Kent) ... ... ... 74

Gray, James, goldsmith ... ... 19S

Grene, Richard, 60 ; Thomas ... 60

.2-28

Index.

PAGE

Grey, Anne de, 120 ; Edmund de,
120; Temperance de, 120;
Thomas de ... ... 120,213

Grinstead, West (Sussex) 153, 156
Gryse family, 66, 68 ; arms of ... 68
Guildhall Museum, see London

Gunhy (Line.) 94, 215

Gyft'ard, Mary, 9 ; Roger ... 9

Gyfforde, John, 113; Susan ... 113

Hackney (Middsx.) 209, 214, 22?, 223

Hadleigh (Suffolk)
Hale,

...164, 222, 223
... 51
165,222,223
••• 153

Halesworth (Suffolk)
Halsham, Sir Hugh
Halvergate (Norfolk)

118, 119, 212, 220
Hamden, Alice, 146; Richard...
Hampshire
Hanson, Robert ...
Hare, Alice, 125 ; William
Harefield (Middsx.)
Harlington (Middsx.)
Harman, Anne, 73,

Thomas...
Harrow (Middsx.)
Harsyk, Alice, 141

108,

IOC),

209;

221
146
53
9>2i5
125
181
221

71,
222

Sir

103
Roger,
141, 218, 221

182, 222

Haseley (Warw.)
Hastings, Isabel, 2 ; Sir Ralph...
Hatteclyf, Isabel, 75 ; Thomas...
Haugh, Isabel, 14 ; Margaret, 14;

Walter 14, 203,

Hawnsard, Richard

Havvlrey, arms of

Hawtrey, Sybill, 13 ; Thomas ...

Hay, Anne, 4 ; John, 3 ; Isabel,

3> 4,
Hayward, Richard
Hedgerley (Bucks.) ... 14,

Hemgrave, arms of
Henry VII., King
Herefordshire
Heriz, arms of
Heron, John
Hertfordshire
Hertingfordbury (Herts.)
Hethersett, arms of

Hever (Kent)

Heyford, Nether (Northants.)

Hey ford, arms of...

Heyford, Elizabeth

Hildyard, Sir Christopher, 196 ;

Joan ... 197

Hilton, arms of ... ... ... 191

Hoath (Kent) 75

Hobson, William 70

Holgote, Margaret 146

Holingworth, Rainold ... ... 36

Holland, Edward, 106 ; Frances

106, 209

2
75

220

148

217

85
220, 221

... 136

... 159

... 56
... 76
... 116
56, 208
... 62

... 136
21

218
142
142

142,

PAGE

Horley (Surrey) 174, 215

Horncastle (Line.) ... 94, 221

Home, arms of. .. ... ... 150

Home, Edmund, 150; Elizabeth,

150,220; William ... ... 95

Hotman, arms of... ... ... 133

Howden (Yorks.) ... 189, 221

Humberstone, Annas, 66 ; Ed-
ward, 66 ; John, 65, 66 ; Richard

65, 220
Humfre, Joan, 59 ; Thomas
Huntingdonshire...
Hussey, arms of ...
Hussey, Nele
Hyde, Margery, 6 ; William

209

...96,97

...6,

220

190,

221

145.

219

..,

197

Ilkley (Yorks.) Museum...

Ipsden (Oxon.) ...

Ireland

Ireland, King of Arms ...

Isleworth (Middsx.)

105, 106, 209, 222, 223

Jobsun, John ... ... ... 96

Joiner, Margaret ... ... ... 96

Jones, Thomas, 17; Ursula ... 17

Jordan, Giles, 91, 218 ; Margaret 91

Keldon, arms of ... ... 129, 130

Keleatt, arms of ... ... ... ibS

Keleatt, Margaret, 168 ; Matthew 168

Kent 69, 209

Kilham, arms of ... ... ... 191

King's Langley (Herts.)... 63, 218

Knevynton, Ralph de ... ... 90

Knighton, John ... ... ... 57

La Marck, arms of ... ■ ... 38

Lancashire ... ... ... 87

Langford (Berks.) 145

Langley, arms of ... ... ... 74

Langley, Kings (Herts.)... 63, 218

Lansame, Lizebette, 79 ; Pieter 79
Lascelles, arms of ... ... 191

Latton, Anne, 4; John ... ... 4

Laughton (Line), ... 95, 215

Lavington, West (Wilts.) 97, 184,

221, 222, 223
Lawrence, John ... .. 18,219

Leach, arms of ... ... ... 136

Lee (Kent), St. Margaret 75, 222

Lee, Alice, 144; Ambrose, 200;

Henry, 144; Joan, 60; Robert 60
Le Grys, Anthony, 140 ; Robert,

140; Susan, 140; Thomas ... 140
Leicestershire ... ... .. 89

Lincoln, St. Mary-le-Wigford, 95,

96; see of, arms of ... ... 170

Lincolnshire ... ... ... 93

Liiistcd (Suffolk) 120

Index,

229

PAGE

Lisle, Elizabeth, 91, 218; Joan,

91 ; Otuel 91

Littleton (Middsx.) ... 108,221
Litton Cheyney (Dorset.), 30, 207, 217
London, All Hallows Barkin^j,
108, 221 ; British Museum, 52,
III, 112, 113, 166, 211, 212,
213; Charterhouse, 7, 220;
Guildhall Museum, 113; St.
Michael, Crooked Lane, 65,
220 ; Society of Antiquaries of

62, 223
Long, John, 56, 208 ; Margery... 56
Longespee, arms of ... ... 142

Loughborough (Leic.) ... 90, 218

Louvaine, arms of ... ... 137

Lovekyn, John ... ... 65,220

Lovell, arms of ... ... lOi, 158

Lovell, Anne, 100; Elizabeth, 9 ;

Gregory, 100; Thouias ... 9

Lowdham, arms of, 117, I2Q, 130

Lubeck (Germany) ... ... 169

Lucy, arms of ... ... ... 191

Luton (Beds.) 3, 217

Lydd (Kent) 46

Lymsey, arms of ... ... ... 210

Lymsey, John, 209; Margaret ... 209

Lynn (Norf.) Museum 201

Lyons, arms of ... ... ... 2

Magewik, Alice ... ... ... 53

Magnus, arms of, 194 ; rebus of 192
Magnus, Thomas... ... ... 192

Mailing, West (Kent) ... 76, 221

Manchester Cathedral ... 87, 221

Manfelde, Agnes, 16 ; Katherine,

16; Robert, 16; Thomas ... 16
Manvers, arms of... ... ... 76

Margate (Kent), 77, 79, 209, 218, 222

Marks, Deborah 188

Marsburgh, Joan ... ... ... 63

Marsham, Elizabeth, 122 ; John

122, 219
Massyngberd, Joan, 94, 215 ; Sir
Thomas... ... ... 94,215

Mauntell, Elizabeth, 142 ; John

142, 218
Mautby, arms of ... ... ... 137

Mawgan-in-Pyder (Cornwall), 22,

23, 24, 25, 222
Maycot, Agnes, 75 ; Anthony ... 75
Melksham (Wilts.) ... 187,218

Melman, Geoffrey ... ... 139

Melton, arms of ... ... ... 191

Mercers' Company, arms of, 50,

125, 127
Merchants' Marks ... 167, 170

Merton (Norfolk), I20, 212, 213, 221

Middleburgh (Zeeland) 99

Middlesex... ... ... 100, 209

Mildmay, Christian, 31 ; Sir Walter 31

PACE

Minster, Isle of Shcppey (Kent)

79. 219

Missenden, Little (Bucks.) ... 9

Monk, figure of ... ... ... I18

Monmouthshire ... ... ... I15

Montacute, arms of ... ... 142

Montacute, William de. Earl of

Salisbury ... ... 142, 218

Montagu, Sir William de ... 6, 7

Moone, Robert ... ... ... 117

Moote, John, Abbot of St Alban's 63

Mordon, Thomas... ... ... 82

More, Mary, 5; Raffe 5

Morland (Westmorland)... 183, 221

Morley (Derby) 204, 223

Motesfont, John ... ... ... 4(5

Mugginton (Derby) ... ... 157

Munter, Joris de ... ... ... 169

Myddilton, Dorothy, 87 ; Eliza-
beth, 87 ; William 87

Myller, Maryon 47

Narburgh (Norfolk) ... 121, 221

Necton (Norfolk) 29

Nevell, Sir Edward ... ... 182

Newdegate, Amphelicia, 182 ;

John 182

Newpton, John, 31, 207, 217 ;
Thomas... ... ...31,207,217

Norbury (Derby.) ... 26, 220

Norfolk 116, 212

Northamptonshire ... ... 142

Northolt (Middsx.) 113, 212, 221

Northumberland ... ... ... 142

Northwode, Sir John de... 79,219

Norton Disney (Line), 96, 185,

222, 223
Nottinghamshire... ... ... 142

Norwich, St. James, 134 ; St.
John Maddermarket, 122, 123,
212, 219, 220, 221 ; St. Martin-
at-Palace, 128, 212, 221 ; St.
Paul, 134 ; St. Peter Mancroft,
44, 131, 212, 222, 223 ; St.
Stephen, 134, 215; Strangers'

Hall r.j, 134, 212

Nun, figur^^ ... ... ... 123

Odiham (Hants.) 55.221

Okeover (Statil's.), 155, 214, 215, 216
Oker, arms of, 161 ; crest of ... 160
Oker, Humphrey, 160, 216 ;

Isabel ... ... ... 160, 216

Ormesby, Great (Norfolk), 135,

2 12, 21
Orion, arms of ... ... 129, 13

Oulton (Suffolk) 12

Our Lord in Majesty ... ... 8

Oxenbrigg, Agnes, 17S ; Robert 17

230

Index.

PAGE

Oxford, Magdalen College Chapel,
146, 219, 221 ; St. Mary Mag-
dalen, 146, 222, 223 ; St. Peter-
in-the-East, ... 148, 222, 223

Oxfordshire ... ... ... I43

Page, Edmund, 82 ; Eleanor ... 82
Palimpsests, classes of ... ... 214

Parker, Sir Nicholas, 179 ; Robert 179
Paston (Norfolk), 136, 212, 213, 222
Paston, armsof ... ... ... 136

Paston. Erasmus, 136,213 ; Mary 136

Pate, Elynor, 61 ; John 61

Patshull, arms of... ... ... 158

Patshull, Sybil, 159; William de 159
Peche, arms of ... ... ... 136

Peckham, Amphillis, 10 ; Sir

Edmund 10

Pecok, Isabel, 209; Thomas ... 209
Pembeiton, Elizabeth, 64 ; Roger 64

Penshurst (Kent) 82, 221

Percy, Sir Henry 120

Perepoynt, arms of ... ... 76

Perepoynt, Elizabeth, 76; George 76
Pever, Mary, 158; Thomas ... 158
Peyver, arms of ... ... ... 137

Pickenham, arms of ... ... 210

Pickenham, Margaret 209

Pierpont, see Perepoynt.

Pinner (Middsx.) 115,222

Playdell, Mary, 145, Thoby ... I45

Pluckley (Kent) 85

Plumstead (Norfolk) 125

Pollestede, Henry 176

Popham, arms of... ... ... 8

Popham, Sir John, 7, 220; Sir

Stephen... .•• 8

Porter, 5^

Potter, Alice, 86 ; Anne, 86 ;

Elizabeth, 86; Richard ... 86

Pottesgrove (Beds.) ... 4,222

Powndall, Philemon 84

Private Possession I99

Prunes, Mary, 145 ; Walter, 144,

145, 218

Prykke, Robert 26,218

Pursglove, Robert, Bishop of Hull 204

Pury, Nicholas 175- 218

Pyke, John 13.221

Quarrendon (Bucks.)
Quythed, Thomas

200
III

Radclyffe, Sir Alexander, 87 ;

Alice 87

Rademelde, John 178

Randolf, Anne, 134; Thomas ... 134
Ranworth (Norfolk) ... 137. 221

Ratford, John 168

Reading (Berks.), St. Lawrence, 7, 220

FAGE

Rede, Cristine, 143 ; Edmund,

143 ; John, 143; Peter 44, 131

Remington, Elizabeth, 189 ;

Richard 189

Resurrection, The ... ... 15

I\eynald, John ... ... ... 190

Robinson, Jennet, 190 ; William 190
Rochester (Kent), arms of, 83 ;

St. Margaret 82, 219

Rochester, Elizabeth, 40 ; William, 40

Rodmell (Susse.x) 178,220

Rogers, arms of ... ... ... 2

Rotherham (Yorks.) 191

Rowane, David ... ... ... 198

Roytel, John 198

Rugge, arms of ... ... ... 125

Rugge, Alice, 125 ; Elizabeth,
123, 124, 125, 127 ; Robert,
123, 124, 125, 220; William... 125

Rutland 154

Ruwescuere, Griel Van ... ... ^89

Ryckhill, arms of 210

Sacheverell, Sir Henry, 204 ;

Isabel 204

Sadler, arms of ... ... ... 187

Sadler, Gertrude, 187 ; Henry... 187
Saffron Walden (Essex) Museum

40, 60, 61
St. Albans (Herts.), The Abbey,

63, 217 ; St. Peter 64

St. Benet Hulme (Norfolk), Abbey

of 127, 220

St. John, arms of 158

St. John, Edith 159 ; Elizabeth,

156, 158, 159; John, 159;

Mary, 159; Sir Oliver . 158, 159

St. Margaret I43

Salhouse (Norfolk) ... 138, 212

Salisbury (Wilts.), St. Thomas ... 187

Sail (Norfolk) 139. 212, 221

Salter, Elizabeth, 8, 217 ; John 8, 217
Sanderstead (Surrey) ... 175.218
Saunders, Isabel, 4, 153 ; Robert,

153 ; William 4

^avell, John 69

Scales, Elizabeth, 119, 220;

Robert, 120; Thomas, Lord... 119
Scarborough (Vorks.) Museum ... 192

Scotland I97

Scott, Edward, 168; John ... 168

Scro..., Francis ... 163

Scrope, arms of ... ... ... I37

Scrope, John le. Lord Scrope ... 159

Selwyn, John 176, 216

Septvans, Sir Robert de 155

Ses;ay (Yorks.) 192,221

Seymour, arms of 158

Seymour, Alice, 156, 158, 216 ;

Richard 158

Index.

^31

PAGE

Shimpling (Norfolk) 140

Shipton-under-Wychwood (Oxon.)

150, 220

Shorne (Kent) 82,221

Shropshire ... ... ... I54

Sibertswould (Kent) ... ... 84

Siday, Margaret 39

Singh, Prince Frederick Duleep 130
Smyth, Christopher, 202 ; Thomas

77. 218
Somersetshire ... ... ... IS4

Somerton, arms of ... ... 136

Southacre (Norfolk), 141, 218, 221

Stacy, John ... ... ... 87

Staffordshire ... ... ... I55

Stanton St. John (Oxon.) 152, 219

Stapilton, John 145

Steeple Ashton (Wilts.) 188

Stepney, arms of ... ... ... 208

Stepney, Ralph ... ... ... 208

Sterre, Adam atte, 72 ; Marion... 72
Stewart, James, Earl of Murray 198
Steyne, Paesschine van den, 97, 99, 185
Stokys, Elizabeth, 14, 220 ; Robert, 14
Stondon Massey (Essex), 36, 222, 223

Stone (Bucks.) 15,^17

Stone, Alice, 150 ; John ... 150

Stone, palimpsest... ... 204, 223

Stourton, Edith 159

Strangman, Joan ... ... ... 52

Strethall (Essex) 39, 221

Suffolk ... 162, 213

Summary ... ... ... ... 214

Sundial, palimpsest ... 201, 223
Surrey ... ... ... 166, 213

Sussex ... ... ... ... 178

Suttherton, Nicholas ... 122, 212
Sutton, James ... ... ... 173

Swane, Alice, 118 ; Robert ... 118
Sydney, Sir Henry, 82 ; Lady
Mary, 82 ; Margaret, 82

Taillor, Rowland... ... ... 164

Tame, arms of ... ... ... 150

Tame, Elizabeth, 150; Thomas 150
Taplow (Bucks ) ... 16, 17 18, 221

Tattershall (Line.) 157

Tayllar, Robert 1 16

Terling (Essex) ... ... ... 40

Termond (Flanders) ... ... 30

Tharpe, Christopher ... 16, 217

Thornton, William of ... ... 192

Throckmorton, Clement, 182 ;

Katherine ... ... ... 182

Thvnne, Anne, 108 ; Francis, 1 10 ;

William 108

Ticehurst (Sussex) ... 179, 215
Tideswell (Derby) 204

I'AGE

221,

222

194,

de
15.

221

194
220

2or,

223
16

213,

174
221
166

' ' '

79
138
201

Tiptoft, arms of

137

Tiptoft, John, Earl of Worcester,
157 ; Milicent, 127 ; SirThomas 127

Tolleshunt Darcy (Essex)

40, 43, 44, 45, 46,

Topcliffe (Yorks)

Topclyff, Mabel, 194; Thomas
Totyngton, Thomas
Trefusis, Jane, 21 ; Thomas
Treswell, R.
Trewonwall, Agnes
Trotton (Sussex) ...
Trunch (Norfolk) 141, 211,
Turner, John, 71 ; Rev. S. B.
Twaytts, Elizabeth
Tyllis, Henry
Tyson, W.

Upminster (Essex)

46, 47, 48, 50, 221, 222, 223

Valker, Murdoch 198

Van Lauwr family ... 66, 68

Vass, Richard ... .. ... 55

Vaughan, Lady Blanche, 108 ;

Sir Hugh 108

Verdun, Maud de, 27, 28 ; Sir

Theobaud de ... ... 27,28

Verli, arms of ... ... ... 191

Wachesham, arms of ... ... 136

Walcot, arms of ... ... ... 136

Wale, Maud le, 45, 222 ; Robert

le 45. 222

Wales 199

Walesborough, Emme, 119; John, 119
Walesham, Nicholas de ... ... 127

Walkern (Herts.)

65, 66, 220, 221, 222, 223
Walthamstow (Essex) ... 51, 221

Waltonon-Thames (Surrey) 176, 219

Walworth, Sir William 65

Wardour Castle (Wilts.)... 23, 24, 25
Waren, Elizabeth, 3 ; Thomas ... 3
Warnby, Alexander ... 31, 207, 217
Warwickshire ... ... ... 181

Waterhouse, John, 59 ; Margaret 59
Waterperry (Oxon.) ...153) 214, 215
Waveney river ... ... ... 166

Way, Albert 167, 214

Wayte, Ellen, 47, 58 ; Nicholas,

47, 50. 58 ; Thomas 47

Webbe, Anne, 187 ; John ... 187

Wegheschede, Jacobus ... ... 163

Welche, Annas, 66; Edward ... 66

Wells, Lord 159

Westcrham (Kent)

85, 86, 87, 221, 222, 223
Westley Waterless (Cambs.) ... 27
Westminster Abbey ... ... 157

Weslmonstre, church of... 99, 184, 223

Westmorland
Weyvyle, Richard
Whalley, Robert ..

183
178

23-

ludcx.

PAGE
144

Whistler family ...

White, John

Wiat, Sir Thomas

Widville, arms of...

Widville, Alice, 2 ; Elizabeth, 2 ;
John, 2 ; Thomas

Wight, Isle of

Wilde, Elizabeth, 2 ; Thomas,

Willingdon (Sussex) ...'

Wilmslow (Cheshire)

Wiltshire ...

Wimbish (Essex) ...

Winchester College (Hants.)

Windham, arms of

Windham, Mary ...

Windsor (Berks.), St. George's
Chapel ...

Winestead (Yorks.) ... 196, 221

Winwick (Lane.) ... ... ... 80

Wolstonton, William ... 89, 221

Wood, Alice, 175 ; Harmon, 175 ;
James, 175 ; John, 175 ; Nicho-
las, 175, 218; Richard, 175;
Susan, 175 ; Thomas 175

79.

52,
55.

218

157
184
222
221
137
136

223

PAGF.

Worcestershire ... .. ... 189

Worstead (Norfolk) 220

Wybarne, Agnes, 179, 215;

Edith, 179, 215 ; John 179, 215

Wychehynggam, tjrsnla... ... 117

Wylford, Anne, 187; Nicholas... 187

Wynn, Eleanor ... ... ... 162

Wynston, Ismayne de ... ... 29

Yarmouth, William ,.. ... 118

Yealmpton (Devon.) ... 29, 222

Yerde, arms of ... ... ... 170

Yerde, Anne, 170; Elizabeth,

170; John, 170; Thomas ... 170

York Minster 190

Yorkshire 189

Ypres, St. Mary 79

Zouch, arms of, 8, 157 ; badge of,
156; crest of, 1 56 ; seal of, 1 56 ;
standard of ... ... ... 156

Zouch, John la, 156; William,
Lord Zouch of Harringworlh

156, 158, 216

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Full text of "A list of palimpsest brasses in Great Britain"

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